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习题练习:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity



 作者: physics   总分: 61分  得分: _____________

答题人: 匿名未登录  开始时间: 23年05月01日 10:24  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are riding in a spaceship that has no windows, raj audz c ,4og4b(6mg*edios, or other means for you to observe or measure what is outside. You wish to determine if the ship is stopped or moving at constant ve4oza ub(j*c, me6dgg4 locity. What should you do?

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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The Michelson-Morley exp8q ;yv.i;8fyp fnuadq( (bj o7eriment was designed to measure

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Michelson and Morley concluded from the results of their experimenthxl,z* y+1uq (xrxn1u that

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You can build an interfero(fl7se4 us ,mqmeter yourself if you use the following components:

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5#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the relativity princrxwxdi :e3d 8fwr*/,ebw6i 0 siple.
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6#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the three unprovable assumptions of Galilea qrsoru4n+: 1umy*p*usz42 mru,rbv + n-Newtonian relativity.
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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The theory of special relativian3 k9pl.gt:/ 1 z40 f01ylk g8rd1wnbohjwsdty

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of Einstein's postulates in formulating the special theory of relt b6sbu6;dp 3+3dj tz1mey g3tativity was that the lawst+ 1g6y;6db3 but t3mpezjd3s of physics are the same in reference frames that

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9#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first postulate of special re*mizp ul-p)c8 uj(s2d jyjl zd.8 (m8alativity.
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10#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second postulate of specia- oqec)vszj( 2vfop +1l relativity.
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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If you were to measure your pulse rate while in a s3l lddjk5h,1kpb*jf 1un*8p+m4w6av e.ri dv paceship moving away from the Sun at a speed close to the speed of+dvfvjp6h 5ue*d .dk j*1mwalp1 rkblin 483, light, you would find that it was

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary )rfwm h;/dxe2observer, a moving clock

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The gamma factor is defined a-m+gi nyz1l.ho-oi v *s $\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Suppose one twin takes a ride in a space ship traveling at a verys6y,(xt:qcg*0 4 s wx)zcaw 8isz qgl4 high speed to a distant star and back again, while the other twin remains on Earth. The twin that remained on Earth predlis ,cwt:6xs4qwa)s c4z *g0qx z8g(yicts that the astronaut twin is

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observer, a movi. ufx-d8vjg alj x()+ang object

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction par,() qkqsi jj:callel to its length with a velocity that approaches the velocity of light. The width of this object,q)j ji,(: cskq as measured by a stationary observer,

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a di,8o (,jzxfd rprection parallel to its length with a velocity that approaches the velocity of light. The length of thrz dpf( o,,j8xis object, as measured by a stationary observer,

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approache7fy a.x8r mxx *bw.dk47lx sn.s the speed of light, the mass of the partic xy .x4*b 8lxdx.k77.anfwsmrle

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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of light, the momentum of p ld1nkm*22 qm2n5iot the particle12nmokmdp522 i*n qlt

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spear is thrown by you at a very high speed. As it passes, you tm4y/j 3x b0oxk x6pp+measure its length at one-half its normal length. kmj oxp 4x 6y+3/bxpt0 From this measurement, you conclude that the moving spear's mass must be

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the kinetic energy of awici81yh ioze).e ci2- 9mer6 speedy proton when its relativistic mass doublesyzoc2 i9 -.cewh irme16iie)8?

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the total relativistic energy of a speedy proton when its r(cquo+ q w aom(u ia7:t01;qioelati u1+io;u(coq7 o:w0 mqaa(iqtvistic mass doubles?

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23#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider a particle ;hykqm 53faz3of mass $m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two spaceships, each travt)q d9h0r(pgueling at 0.50c in a straight line. Ship A is moving directly away from the Sun and ship B is approac utd 0()hqrpg9hing the Sun. The science officers on each ship measure the velocity of light coming from the Sun. What do they measure for this velocity?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which of the following depends on the observer's f8kykng3lo5 c0( i(+b6cdixxz rame of reference?

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26#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the velocity of your spaceship increases, you would obs+ mujnd9 mq4g-erve

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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still wate3k1wpn h4 prl*r. With what speed, relative to the shore, does it monwpp 14r k*l3hve in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading upstream?

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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/ 9vdl,pkl 29hvs in still water. With what speed, relative to the shore, ,2dll9kvpv h9does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading downstream?

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speedx5nw)/7 zf7q 6tmuwd s, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading straight across the ri7q6s )mwt/ndfu75x w zver?

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast should a movin, ,r.u9xd wv.teskf9hg clock travel if it is to be observed by a stationary observer asf,xuwhse.t9r9d .v, k running at one-half its normal rate?

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31#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship takes a nonstop jourkw3e8y se wu:,/;kige)r3gc yney to a planet and returns in 10 hours according twy s8)kge/re,wei k:3ugyc3; o a clock on the spaceship. If the speed of the spaceship is 0.80c, how much time has elapsed on the Earth?

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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A set of twins, Andrea and Courtney, are initially 10 years ol;q s47yhl upw85z .xppd. While Courtney remains on Earth, Andrea rides on a space ship which travels away from Earth at a speed of 0.6c for five years (as mep4y .xswpl 5uzp 78hq;asured by Courtney), then turns around and comes back at 0.6c. When Andrea returns, Courtney is 20 years old. How old is Andrea upon her return?

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One 20-year-old twin brother takes a space trip wiw w;b0ha ir2i3th a speed of 0.80c for 30 years according to a clock on the spaceship. Upon wa3;i 0ib2whr returning to the Earth, what is his own age and the age of the Earth-based twin brother?

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A meter stick is moving toward you with a speed of 0.80c. What is xdr+8z d*+hp aits length?

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast would a rocket ship have to eru;g ,o4izc hyy1*wcyb1 u79 move to contract to half of its proper length (as observed by a stationary objecte g zy1h9wy*o ,ic4u1uy7b;rc)?

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36#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The length of a spaceship il9h )/ gjzx.gpwvp -7os 10 m when it is at rest. If the spaceship travels by you with a speed of 0.70c, what length does it wp7)oxz9/.v gl - hgpjappear to you?

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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar sysntp.0j yc w08lci0h).fqs9ll 9 sbz2btem is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. 0p. lwlt2ij) hczs0y9c0f 8b9l .snqb What distance does the space ship travel according to a passenger on the ship?

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light yeg0 z+u;iewa 8sn7tvn3ars away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels towanei3nw; +780 vztgsaurd the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on board the spaceship?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 l7u uobsbp :n(4vvqcoolmj (,zbu (*a) bb19 o.ight years away. A spaceship with a constant .zb v(l: 7mu*uopbqjob( bb v c)ns14o o,u(9aspeed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on the Earth?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is traveling at 0.85c. What is its mass? (Tuwilzg.- ;wsl x9r-ibpe6*gyg -y0)dhe rest mass is $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the speed of a proton if its mass is twice its rest mass 5l)65hx-dfliknj3yx.gkd a+ ?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the velocity of your spaceship goes fromm+ msr7m bc ng2oj-a.5 0.3 c to 0.6 c, then your mass will in7j5naom +m2b-c.g srm crease by

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the momentum i-p0l nj 9l262t0mxf,fh-f g b e/kpsw1zc gqm-n $kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, an elevncg- pp) ym9g+ we1i)ment loses $4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much energy would be released if 2.0 kg of material was lojj+i o9lgmwh4fx0( : pst during a reactiop m9wfjoig( 40 x+hlj:n?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The amount of energy equivalent to two kiloy5fw: iq sbw;)gram of mass at rest is

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The atomic bomb that was dropped on Nagasaki in 1945 killed 140,000 peo-ck *sc;b76kmxdo )ftt kue 91ple, helping to end World War II on the next day. It released energy equivalent to that of 20,000 tons of TNT explosive. How much mas9;x 1f7 tuobkk*ts emk-cd)c6 s was converted to energy when this took place? (1000 tons of TNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total k sc8*ju w+f:xenergy. What is the speed of the s+xkfuc:w* 8 jproton?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 8 nl8-lz)5wwusj8 q(sx0% of its total energy. What is the momentum in )us5l8wq x- jn8slw(z$kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

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51#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What energy is released (in MeV) during a reaction in whichc s i5xuy 9-p1vxsqg cahd(224 $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much mass is lost during a reaction in which ,zv+9 jk )raxca9n sboeb+oxgq9 p35:$1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the total energy of an elect.eam8jk+:seba8tvm 4 2u3 egtron moving with a speed of 0.95c?

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How many joules of energy are requir1) o,f/ 7p hll,aora,*i h, skt8 54nybhzsuaged to accelerate one kilogram of mass from rlu /,t k f,5ashhzh87,yr ,4l p1so*gbioan)aest to a velocity of 0.866 c?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In a nuclear plant, ao8iu.9 lv8.rr7if6pp vq+cy $1017 J$ of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is accelerated through 100 kV. By what factor has its masm7v*hyu2s 6fwfy , sz5s increased with respect*s 7hw562umszfyy, fv to its rest mass?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are in a rocket traveling away from 0 o6t qr.mvqi*z+xv4ethe Sun at 0.95c. You measure the speed of light from the Su mr6+ o4 qe.v0tv*zqxin to be

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Two spaceships are traveling through space at 0.60 c relativecnl9bbp vyk)a9 ,,6sn to the Earth. If the ships are headed directly toward each other, what is their approach velocity, as measured by a pelb )n c nyv,sb69p9ka,rson on either craft?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A fast spaceship is traveling with a speed ofb(5 p8;j r1/aejpqalx 0.80c. How fast would light travel from the headlights of the ship relj ;q p8ex5r jla1pab(/ative to a stationary observer?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed of 0.ealjuxnh)a xl*)e bt /i..y lkner+lp+37+ :z 80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers onp n.+)ee lh.n b3+eail )kzj:ylux7+r/l *atx the Earth if the missile is fired away from the Earth?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. .iteez0 )5ie g The spaceship then fires a missie ziei. 0etg5)le with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired toward the Earth?

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