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习题练习:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity



 作者: physics   总分: 61分  得分: _____________

答题人: 匿名未登录  开始时间: 23年05月01日 10:24  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are riding in a spaceship that has no windows, radios, or other means for yoj i xmhq46hlr uobgz95 f567,ou to observe or measure what is outside. You wish to determine if the ship is stopped or moving at constant 46b9io q h,5fzumg56hxoj lr7velocity. What should you do?

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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The Michelson-Morley experiment was designed to mejoh:tjq *zb1ed)8h;uasure

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Michelson and Morley conclus jf)y w3j4eu9ded from the results of their experiment that

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You can build an interferometer yourselc0 ho7w4k1hai;9e isef 69bxfqc,tc 3 f if you use the following components:

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5#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the relativity pr/:svw clhg0so6*ba 1v inciple.
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6#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the three unprovable assumption1 jsm9nf)v c 3aygas/1s of Galilean-Newtonian relativity.
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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The theory of special relati/0giui/h(wfx zpw4sub s18) ty dg +;rp,rl 0hvity

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of Einstein's postulates in formulating the special theoryrs8l/t011 gt (-xv.ouzvka c q of relativity was that the laws of physics are the same in referen8s1vkta g. /0r(ulxt vz-c qo1ce frames that

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9#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first postulate om1k5,e4r :uigpos: 6h- lzmb yf special relativity.
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10#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second postulate of xb44 e59ax (dee9ercp special relativity.
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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If you were to measure your pulse rate while ib+,7ey xxa dn1n a spaceship moving away from the Sun at a speed close to the speed of light, you would find txny+xea7, bd1hat it was

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary lem(i c;;s;y-5qcbd; iw -vzeobserver, a moving clock

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The gamma factor is defis tx*7uose6: 5tj v 9he;tsp0dned as $\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Suppose one twin takes a ride 9c,q h9inq+xgin a space ship traveling at a very high speed to a distant stargqcxh q+ ,i9n9 and back again, while the other twin remains on Earth. The twin that remained on Earth predicts that the astronaut twin is

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observer, a moving obj5bv0keq 4o4r .b8ou)7 5sqw exmjc*ttect

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its len iqntcmng 75k(1 :a1n6 k6kxpyzs h+o-gth with a velocity that approaches the velocity of light. The width of this object, as measured by a stat7i g6 hpy +kktz6mn(c1q-xon:as51kn ionary observer,

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its length with a velo(u wkz3-;gdd 0ebvq g ita6i:1city that approaches the velocity of light. The length of this object, as measured by tdka3 -1 e:( dq6gw0biivugz; a stationary observer,

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of light, the mass of the g *6qu:p e48eppo*e hvparticle86vee4uq p:e*gp* p ho

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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approacheszr 2n3jka97k;a .c bqm the speed of light, the momentum of the partia3ab2knjrc ;qz 9k7.m cle

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spear is thrown by you at a very high speed. As it )l r+(ihxwuz :passes, you measure its length at one-+)z ihxrl(u :whalf its normal length. From this measurement, you conclude that the moving spear's mass must be

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the kinet.6:v)sie0pv zgih qk00)6w nyaq: vknic energy of a speedy proton when its relativistic mass donyi.0wq6 hv pv0vg:k6sn0)k q) ae :izubles?

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the total relativistic energy of a speedy proton whendwrlvm2;t1j+j*t :;cew 8 nko its relativistic mass dou d 2 8e;t wvornkj+:1jm*tc;wlbles?

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23#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider a particle of llx 9vec)*fl6b5v f4omass $m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two spaceshdm(l+)t0apc 4(g 0)kv azanlfips, each traveling at 0.50c in a straight line. Ship A is moving directly away from the Sun and shick0+pa4n( a d())zat 0mgl fvlp B is approaching the Sun. The science officers on each ship measure the velocity of light coming from the Sun. What do they measure for this velocity?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which of the followi : t /.2-;x vdi; ,,emwfsedbcysvp 6lqw/4cecng depends on the observer's frame of reference?

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26#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the velocity of your spaceship increa1o en2h:tko 2i i2yk4mses, you would observe

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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. Wittvkj*do1 i ;1oh what speed, relative to the shore, doo t 1dik1*oj;ves it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading upstream?

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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With whazzy0(oe..bgh xn t,5 ;btyf 2kt speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that ( y xetnoyz;0,kbt.z5g.f2bh is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading downstream?

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in s7tnnso6j 7a: ctill water. With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading straight across the rivea6cst: 7onnj7 r?

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast should a moving clock travel if it is to be observed by a stationarv0lng.vb w6.:o4zdbs4y qkr1y observer as running at one-half its normal 4b.:4 sbd 0ngrvz6 lvk1.w yoqrate?

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31#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship takes a nonstop journey to a planet an2x7d;curidovxh9).r7 czva a/ o*j e) d returns in 10 hours according to a clock on the spaceship. If the speed of the spaceship is dczv/ o.a)r97xidv)hae *;o xcju 2r70.80c, how much time has elapsed on the Earth?

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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A set of twins, Andrea and Courtneyvd(ffve,kn*)+g ixs(aqkj50 + m v: fs, are initially 10 years old. While Courtney remains on Earth, Andrea rides on a space ship which travels away from Earth at a speed of 0.6c for five years (as measured by Courtney), then turns around and comes back at 0.6c. When Andrea returns, Courtney is 20 years m*0: d,xj(gff n kvfve)skvi +s(+aq5 old. How old is Andrea upon her return?

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One 20-year-old twin brother takes a space trip with a speed of 0.80c fo+;fno2hu7.dz k)- se,artns fr 30 years according to a clock on the spaceshfh7;ns+ tf2 -a.ek r dosuz,n)ip. Upon returning to the Earth, what is his own age and the age of the Earth-based twin brother?

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A meter stick is moving toward you )i-gcbrb e8e:33sw qwwith a speed of 0.80c. What is its length?

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast would a rocket ship have to move to contract to half of its r 77ui*xzgfl-stt*:o d*r v0ha8s8*bo -rh ddproper length (as observezhtu8*0r7sti* xl-*o*: o b7rd-dgs8hadvfr d by a stationary object)?

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36#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The length of a spaceship is 10 m when it iu-77lkvac9n os at rest. If the spaceship travels by you with a speed of 0.707ukc 7a- vl9onc, what length does it appear to you?

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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, whicyu.1xsp uj+ *8kow. ulh is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. What distance does the space ship travel according to u 8.wk slyu*.j1uop+x a passenger on the ship?

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centaur)* ;5 nq,mkebs2rw47zfed hiki, which is 4.30 light years4) 5 hsd;fb72, ner*zwkeqimk away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on board the spaceship?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 lig n;.)r lr(kvc ep*h+nwohk9,tht years away. A spaceship with a constant,vecon(lrn h;k*) pk9ht r+w. speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on the Earth?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is travelingbj79b a)roa5 t at 0.85c. What is its mass? (The rest mass is $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the speed of a proton it9:+v yjhyzmv9z 0vxn -85riuf its mass is twice its rest mass?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the velocity of your s :u. xpmxbpycej:9m9 3fvy/2f paceship goes from 0.3 c to 0.6 c, then your mass will increasepvmxjce.2yfm 3u 9 xf:/ b:y9p by

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the momentum in;a 9eoco s;(us/edlf2 $kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, an elemen.fn ifo37dy) kg/w;pc t loses $4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much energy would be released if 2.0 kg of mbf0. js.bwq- material was lost during a reactionq0-bwjmf.sb .?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The amount of energy equi lk37ajj4vbm2mhwj s+kf n9ehf( 0 y5znv (n:2valent to two kilogram of mass at rest is

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The atomic bomb that was dropped on Nagasaki in 1945 killed 140,000 people, heldci z0cron 9x)+ /a;mrping to end World War II on +;9ir c)ocx/m0zndr a the next day. It released energy equivalent to that of 20,000 tons of TNT explosive. How much mass was converted to energy when this took place? (1000 tons of TNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total energy. What ialm l0l7ns sx,8*)st; -loa mhs the speed of the prolm;0)nsl, stxo 87 a hmll*-saton?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton i q qdbxhf6(/ok;yz 3n+s 80% of its total energy. What is the momentum inhxk d;qyofb n+ (63q/z $kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

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51#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What energy is release7 rn r i4h9k nfh2.s9srt iwq/p09pb8fd (in MeV) during a reaction in which $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much mass is lost durin0bvy-d8bu4r;wuqz8y ir 9z4d g a reaction in which $1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the total energy of an electron moviat56cm4 f f *po8qm:psng with a speed of 0.95c?

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How many joules of energy are requireg pf7a-w6;o* m yfb)ond to accelerate one kilogram of mass from rest to a velo gfpmb o7)a;n6- o*fwycity of 0.866 c?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In a nuclear plant, 0i yktbkokk689 ev7-q$1017 J$ of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is accelerated through 100 kV. By what factor has its mass incr5i l9 oar(x1meeasel(x oe 9mri15ad with respect to its rest mass?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are in a rocket traveling away from the Sun at 0.95c. You m)(gfanoet5 v7hn 3 om1easure the speed of lightvmf 73a51 ootn )ng(eh from the Sun to be

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Two spaceships are traveling through space at 0.icc*jlaf2 rfn z1; 6f,60 c relative to the Earth. If the ships are headed directly toward each other, what is their approach velocity, as measurlj1fczc,r6f fan ;2*i ed by a person on either craft?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A fast spaceship is traveling with a b. t iec0*t jer5rp*ura:.s 6dspeed of 0.80c. How fast would light travel from the headlights of the ship relative to a stationary ob:0a*pb trr6djeut e*ci. s.r5server?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away fro.2phq pzl5h5f4hy)w - gqu f t9ji*oz/m the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired away fro4fhqfzz pwj.yt9 iqg 2) lhhp5-/u5*o m the Earth?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth wp 8-ih3:ttx bxith a speed of 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth p - b:xhtti8x3if the missile is fired toward the Earth?

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