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习题练习:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity



 作者: physics   总分: 61分  得分: _____________

答题人: 匿名未登录  开始时间: 23年05月01日 10:24  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are riding in a spaceship that has no windowx (uj.fje8m a+s, radios, or other means for you to observe or measure what isumf ej8(aj +x. outside. You wish to determine if the ship is stopped or moving at constant velocity. What should you do?

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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The Michelson-Morley experiment wastecsb+c0sd g0gd,a ks;m +q9:t;a-q f designed to measure

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Michelson and Morley concluded from the results of their experiment th+z6s:0 /*kitge3tg/a pnyo c/ qka t8pat

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You can build an interferometer yourself if yoedri:j ippiz 4*4 e/0y;q fdw0u use the following components:

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5#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the relativity iw6ilq+ du 58o tp b:qz8g4vm*pjj 51yprinciple.
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6#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the three unprovable assumptions of Galilean-Newtonian relativityh+(d j+l/ c- rgxdz9rz.
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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The theory of special relat.sgh4t2;5be5ug caps ivity

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of Einstein's postulates in formulating the special theory of 4 hh3vfv4 qkmd ryq3 m///gq5jrelativity was that the laws of physics are tqrhm4vd/g vf5 //qh343 qykmj he same in reference frames that

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9#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first postulate of special rela0/ qq ;+7dfxg y.orichtivity.
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10#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second postuohjz((72e0/ x ujg jnblate of special relativity.
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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If you were to measure your pulse rate while in a spaceship moving1(rwssmf sa:i1ed* fu): m3x c away from the Sun at a speed close tesuw)ci1*: 3 x (rmdm:ssf1afo the speed of light, you would find that it was

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observer, a mov0 x*tyzms71/1et-aiw qled,e ing clock

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The gamma factor is defined as 8 usuvz,nh .r6$\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Suppose one twin takes a r kh muelyh;1d sounb97t3,c/aag/u7)ide in a space ship traveling at a very high speed to a dh 7,9m 3odu g /lyc/ks)hb1et7uua;anistant star and back again, while the other twin remains on Earth. The twin that remained on Earth predicts that the astronaut twin is

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observer, a moving obje;dw b7 gyi.5i x1d:rpt-)fllz/r u.smct

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction) -g 0wahdzu.hrbs7)i parallel to its length with a velocity that approaches the velocity of light. The width of this object, as measured by a stationary observer b)h7uir .-z0w a)dshg,

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction paz 3(z/ h5 oom5jx 8pjt (sibykez;*jd,rallel to its length with a velocity that approaches the velocity of light. The length of this object, as measured by a statim5z8/pjozo h(5 sdb; (j3j,kzyi xte* onary observer,

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of light, th hzf2,,uf wnt1e mass of the particletu,fw h,1f 2zn

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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle 9(. dpu-4a-6dpwdgiyc cdnc) w.cjx; approaches the speed of light, the momentum of the part-d)u6j4 -y .d xcpc(d.wignac;c 9wdpicle

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spear is thrown by you at a very h2ve+aaq fc9( kigh speed. As it passes, you measure its length at one-half its n cae(a 2fv9q+kormal length. From this measurement, you conclude that the moving spear's mass must be

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the kinetic energy of a speedy proton wheun a, 9lxdj*vnj2 ::bvn its relativistic mass douu:x*a nv v9:nljjbd,2bles?

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the total re:5 kph3uj* k+;am+gpee ov:pe lativistic energy of a speedy proton when its relativi;pp e*pjekh o +v::u3ek5g +mastic mass doubles?

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23#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider a particle of m hml9(r*cy /.r,q zpmjass $m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two spaceships, each traveling at 0.50c in a straight line. Ship A is 5o.uei, sgrq *heza.;moving directly away from the Sun and ship B is approaching the Sun. The scienzge.q u ;rs*h .oe,ai5ce officers on each ship measure the velocity of light coming from the Sun. What do they measure for this velocity?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which of the following depends on the observer's frame of referenbowb gnap3x9;/b /(z tce?

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26#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the velocity of your space xrt;6/avqojq8o r+l*t;y22j)is nw p ship increases, you would observe

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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in stir1 pn2g48q vj.qfz7oz1+y cc rll water. With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move i+rz 4z1c1qcrjv7.q fo2pyng8 n a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading upstream?

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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, relative to the shom*0j:ocy-,ljv g is2s1p ai/ nre, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is headp :1 svas-lymi2oijc/g0, nj*ing downstream?

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With whx lx9dfihg.-4msz 9+ lat speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flshz49 9.mxgf dx+l -liowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading straight across the river?

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast should a movin9aya 0yp)0 d *ej)kopfg clock travel if it is to be observed by a stationary observer as running at one-half daa pf0k)yey* 0p)j9 oits normal rate?

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31#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship takes a nonstop journey to a planet and returns in 10e qgkf4 xo3urk)u9al3 8ici/ , hours according to a clock on the spaceship. If the speed of the spaceship is 0.80cqlcf a),9ox4 r3 3eikki/u ug8, how much time has elapsed on the Earth?

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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A set of twins, Andrea and Courtney, are initially 10 years old. n h77.yky+ nesWhile Courtney remains on Earth, Andrea rides on a space ship which travels away from Earth at a speed of 0.6c for five years (as measured by Courtney), then turns arou.hke ys7y nn7+nd and comes back at 0.6c. When Andrea returns, Courtney is 20 years old. How old is Andrea upon her return?

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One 20-year-old twin brother bulzcn)om- vf y57h,(takes a space trip with a speed of 0.80c for 30 years according to a clock on the spaceship. Upon returning to the Eao 7u)5blnzh( mvy,- fcrth, what is his own age and the age of the Earth-based twin brother?

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A meter stick is moving toward you with a spee*gifcc 85 idm5d of 0.80c. What is its length?

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast would a rocket ship have to move to contract to half of its prope;+:xcf 7/ce,*d d* 883tnykbrigg d n(oocu jkr length (ac3/ ogd+8o8 ny7k xk nud ,*edjbi*(cgt c;f:rs observed by a stationary object)?

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36#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The length of a spaceship is 10 m wh wtw*pn 0tp:a*gu0/wjen it is at rest. If the spaceship travels by you with a speed of 0.70c, what length doeuj wptgwpn*t*0/0 :aw s it appear to you?

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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our sola+/ zts q-ab1tkkg;. gnr system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. What distance does the space ship travel according to a passenger on the sh-tgt sgk/1z kab .+qn;ip?

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.;6a k:q nbkwe4ig u6no80b*eg30 light years away. A spaceship with a con6g ea 4eni*kobg;0nuk6b 8w:qstant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on board the spaceship?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solarf/h86iz *vib(:du fs q system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward th q/ihsf8zb*: (idf 6vue star. How much time would elapse on a clock on the Earth?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is traveling at 0.85c. W z6z6 /f vky0l+f mtm;kb+yzb6:dmgk3hat is its mass? (The rest mass is $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the speed of a proton if its mass is twice its res) 63tnfv :1k frp)qcymt mass?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the velocity of your spaceship goes from 0.3 c to 0.6 c, then your masg9 7 t2r/y.fb fi7kfqws will f.t27irg9y /fb7wqk fincrease by

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the momentum i9 yyv::3uh0q 5u-1-8gx otwbsdldcwm n $kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, an eq/0d 6wuaqgws.p6e v(xtk-/fna l2q 5lement loses $4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much energy would be released if 2y.5 u( g5fe51sma0ikfq el t2c.0 kg of material was lost during a reaction?sumkeeta f y501 .5icgq (2l5f

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The amount of energy equivalent to f +kv4ver()rzdhzfo.b wg :c5n6d 29ytwo kilogram of mass at rest is

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The atomic bomb that was dropped on Nagasaki in 1945 killed 140,ku8b p;9ffy1h 000 people, helping to end World War II on the next day. It released energy equivalent to tffbhk89;uy1 phat of 20,000 tons of TNT explosive. How much mass was converted to energy when this took place? (1000 tons of TNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total energy. What is the speexs:p8;9f/k mt rx+dcjd of thertcx /kp 8 s9jm:f+dx; proton?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a prot 1zgdqv:n0m ffkewwt4i*(y43on is 80% of its total energy. What is the momentum in0i* vg4ewft zq dw:1ny4 fk(m3 $kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

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51#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What energy is released (in MeV) during a n77cx 55zs qi9 c4egx)h;0*iyiwhltqreaction in which $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much mass is lost during a reaction+kpfxc:e 88jy.bn wu3 in which $1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the total energy of an d 1fwcpl:u 0(oelectron moving with a speed of 0.95c?

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How many joules of energy are required to accelerate one1rr csd5x o*6:;bqfax i 8d dq+j0:jip kilogram of mass from rest ;i:pqd0 8qjid*a r ds6xo jb5x:f1c+rto a velocity of 0.866 c?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In a nuclear plant, ajr e/ 14chk ak7hb(-t$1017 J$ of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is accelerated through 100 kV. By what factoaoq(qo n,*3,anu 5eb wr has its mass increaseoab, e(5qo*3 nn ,awqud with respect to its rest mass?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are in a rocket traveling away from the Sun at 0.95c. You measure the speed-de2u or eax.0 d20 .xoeru -aeof light from the Sun to be

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Two spaceships are traveling through space at 0.60 c relative to 2x ykjr08y dbcs6 p5x/the Earth. If the ships arb6s8 j/kdxx2 pyc0yr5e headed directly toward each other, what is their approach velocity, as measured by a person on either craft?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A fast spaceship is tra 9c 7pg)gqkb+v y4,jqdveling with a speed of 0.80c. How fast would light travel from the headlights of the ship relative to a stationary obs bjgd+,yv 4c7)9q qpgkerver?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. The spaceship thbkdma( 2hz.-evcnig 8ux 26b;enm :+yen fires a miz d2xyvimu2k 8bgnmn6 -;:eae .bh+c( ssile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired away from the Earth?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. The spaceship b6m9w8pl ud*tthen fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity ofpt ml b9dw68u* the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired toward the Earth?

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