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习题练习:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity



 作者: physics   总分: 61分  得分: _____________

答题人: 匿名未登录  开始时间: 23年05月01日 10:24  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are riding in a spaceship that ha7g . nekpv.8npsyt /.vs no windows, radios, or other means for you to observe or measure what is outside. You wish to determine if the ship is stopped or moving at constant velocity.ke8svpng.. tny 7/v p. What should you do?

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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The Michelson-Morley experiment was designed twykbhn *, h-7h;owhx-o measure

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Michelson and Morley concluded from th0ayjt/c n:ty 8e results of their experiment that

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You can build an interferometer yourself ky+- hdkq:q.4 : tvrd c7vtba;if you use the following components:

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5#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the relativity p byf15( vw54hyu 4buxhrinciple.
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6#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the three unprovable assumptions2xr-rm62 5td0rcflio i rfy.: of Galilean-Newtonian relativity.
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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The theory of special rih*vgj t8;k 8belativity

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of Einstein's postulates in formulating8 c 8f7vg46z ww0vxjhz the special theory of relativity was that the laws of physics are the same 8jw 0gv x7f86vwz h4zcin reference frames that

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9#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first postulate of special relativ8dbta1is)k1 gity.
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10#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second postulate ofeoq(z- l h0ac3sm+au.b9py4t special relativity.
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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If you were to measure you wx37t /,6tpr3mmtxpqkp h2.lr pulse rate while in a spaceship moving away from the Sun pp/ xlxtkr,hmt32pq76mt.w3at a speed close to the speed of light, you would find that it was

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observer, afbaom. m-/k *d moving clock

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The gamma factor is defin 7m4 pgnhebxclt/3h- 1x4a16c rc,x kned as $\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Suppose one twin takes a ride in a space ship traveling at a very hwg:ub h7.+ xh:1 noxbrigh speed to a distant star and back again, while the other twin remains on Earth. The twin that remained on Earth predicts that the astronaut twi wbog:n7xrx1h+: .hb un is

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observer, a moving opbsd 9c0*kmwrv.u r)s*:iq)vbject

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its length with a velocity that approqtxud1iq;b d:ly:4, daches the velocity of light. The width of this object, as measured by a qqdtb:u l 4,ydd:xi;1 stationary observer,

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a directio kl(d-dxo /l4e:le;pc n parallel to its length with a velocity that approaches the velocity d4e -x/(cll kl:peo;dof light. The length of this object, as measured by a stationary observer,

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of light, th66r dedssobr/9 8vosg75hei;e mass of the particv gsroosi b/ed8 s7;d6er6h9 5le

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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a pa,uc8 o3t)j3 vw :p/n zperkl5urticle approaches the speed of light, the momentum of the particle5lpztvje 8 no,ruw3):k3 cpu/

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spear is thrown by you at a very high speed7*x; h3rje6 kejmb, 9idk.vc h. As it passes, you measure its le i kjch*jmx;9,kd.36r7vhbe e ngth at one-half its normal length. From this measurement, you conclude that the moving spear's mass must be

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the kinetic energy of a speedy proton whwrsp+q3vt0 dxre1 *; nen its relativistic mass doublese+psvqw;t0n r 1*xrd3?

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the total relx5b5 sq3 h+b8wk oam(eativistic energy of a speedy proton when its relativqeo 5bhbw83+k (5samx istic mass doubles?

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23#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider a particle of hlw3 qil63jne+q(j2 ngc z+z tn3.9ztmass $m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two spaceships, each am841zi4vp94 tmiv rw traveling at 0.50c in a straight line. Ship A is moving directly away from the Sun and ship B is approaching i14mw4im48vzv9 atr p the Sun. The science officers on each ship measure the velocity of light coming from the Sun. What do they measure for this velocity?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which of the following depends on the observer's frame omjj aukkt, 20o42mtds rk5*/ df reference?

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26#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the velocity of your spaceship increaseuz(/rwd lbj9i tan04:s, you would observe

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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still ,yg:u*gq pe;ueo1dw+water. With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is e *,u;go1e +pg dyuw:qflowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading upstream?

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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, relative to the s nmwi7cr3 hz):hore, does it move in a river thz :i)nm7rhc3wat is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading downstream?

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. Wr5d+1e z*9 s.cutj xo3jatos: kz29wuith what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that i9s 3+2*zsz :d9oex tj kauj.ruw1t c5os flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading straight across the river?

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast should a moving clock travel if it is to be ob p,0 lvjea e/j )66zhsemrd5f r9.ynk34gt7 tcserved by a stationary observer as f.vk)j,resjrn6aey5t3/pl h c6ge9mt04 7zdrunning at one-half its normal rate?

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31#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship takes a nonstop j2mlsiu,hj q ( q48pse;ourney to a planet and returns in 10 hours according to a clock on the spaceship. If the speed of the spaceship is 2u(8mj4p;, esh lqqsi0.80c, how much time has elapsed on the Earth?

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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A set of twins, Andrea and Courtney, are initially 10 years 3k -c4nw1dy n:/w uajeold. While Courtney remains on Earth, Andrea rides on a space shipja3nw- uk /d1w4: yenc which travels away from Earth at a speed of 0.6c for five years (as measured by Courtney), then turns around and comes back at 0.6c. When Andrea returns, Courtney is 20 years old. How old is Andrea upon her return?

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One 20-year-old twin brother takes a space trip with a speed of 0.80c for(0o zohk8bb *4)vgw ax 30 years according to a clock on the spaceship. Upon returning to the Earth, what is his own age and the age of the Earth-baso8b(bghw z vx40k)o *aed twin brother?

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A meter stick is moving ppg lba45a qd; veupcf9/2,*ctoward you with a speed of 0.80c. What is its length?

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast would a rocket ship have to move to contract to half of its pr515m(e ktl2k3a sfitdoper length (kksm l2it5 1d fe(a3t5as observed by a stationary object)?

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36#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The length of a spaceship is 10 m when it is at rest. If the spaceship traia,i)) vdgks2 vels by you with a speed of 0.72i)dkv),ga s i0c, what length does it appear to you?

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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to ournrdb-gbd y :t) ,o93pp solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. What distance does the space ship travel according to a passenpo)t3n:br b9y dp-dg,ger on the ship?

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 l y+p q2d/u.szbight years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to sybu2q/zp. +dthe Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on board the spaceship?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, wcys5 y 9(xwuq9 kf5,/maqi h/ohich is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. Howcxu9s/ y q/a, mfiqko 9y(5w5h much time would elapse on a clock on the Earth?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is traveling at 0.85c. What is its mass? (The -m5eaa l.(w do2m0;sqczet,wx /: j sdrest mass is $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the speed of a proton if its ma*m3 ll oa 2uaq2;u m/ey4gnvc3ss is twice its rest mass?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the velocity of your spaceship goes from 0.3 c to 0.6 c7 m*( xampqa(j, then your mass will increaaj7m ( (qmaxp*se by

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the momentum i.s4*hu9dxj,tdfm lk o f(yt(8n $kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, amy lp /-ni*2zo50c);uvuhyge cob 5g4n element loses $4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much energy would be released if or98x k8z q)4d3l nlbsy8mlpjgq )x/+ 2.0 kg of material was lost during a reactim8r98 zdjlk nsy /gq3qollp+)b8x4 )xon?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The amount of energy equivalent y8t)2- vaait jd cg0r c(fk3an g:n/;yto two kilogram of mass at rest is

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The atomic bomb that mmbv6bl)h a (:was dropped on Nagasaki in 1945 killed 140,000 people, helping to end World War II on the next day. It released energy equivalent to)bb (m6mh:vla that of 20,000 tons of TNT explosive. How much mass was converted to energy when this took place? (1000 tons of TNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of iy 43f1ak:q/coohdba+i x;m9cgi/ 4myts total energy. What is the speed of ac ;qkd3/:9ogc4h y/mi ayfoxmi1b+4 the proton?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total +ibtzf a38r 8k-0fhqtenergy. What is the momentum in fri-h+ tz 8 akqbtf803$kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

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51#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What energy is released (in MeV) during a71 ehn dv1uk42 azorj8ehe1 e* reaction in which $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much mass is lost during a reaction in whicxhg7,3uu90 afsk acb0h $1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the total energy of an electron moving witn t+.8sdek3k u9re-p hh a speed of 0.95c?

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How many joules of energy are required to accelerate one kilogram of mass from rss+kqgfdjb-,t 73 cc9est to a velocity of 0.866 g-cskc9+ b3fq 7ts, jdc?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In a nuclear plant, dur0 3 xd61kb qm.ca5z$1017 J$ of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is accelerated through 100 kV. By what factor has its mass increak(g9 aus*re49 x:kprwsed with resp9p(greu 49skr :w*akxect to its rest mass?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are in a rocket traveling away from the Sun at 0.95c. You measure t:gbzarv7;w a ,1-wf hd5ori;hqp41ibhe speed of light from the Sun toadir:-57wh1gf1oq wz,v;ip rbhba ; 4 be

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Two spaceships are traveling through space at 0.60 cda z0v c m2m ouk9+f8te86zsh .k4ftl. relative to the Earth. If the ships are headed directly tow f szm 6h4lu2a98vm8kz+. t0ecotdf.kard each other, what is their approach velocity, as measured by a person on either craft?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A fast spaceship is traveling with a speed of 0.80cqwee /ew4l 6f;. How fast would light travel from the headlights of the ship reweqw;6ele4f / lative to a stationary observer?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. The spacesh )r 7emd g7xnfb j0zj9or6*as8ip then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of th )jdjfrgnmar87 oz9e * xbs607e missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired away from the Earth?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. The spaceship th6k3l2 .fl8j gsrtun. men fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missil8gl j.rsm3 2uf.kn6tle measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired toward the Earth?

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