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习题练习:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity



 作者: physics   总分: 61分  得分: _____________

答题人: 匿名未登录  开始时间: 23年05月01日 10:24  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are riding in a spaceship that has no windows, radios, or othe9y0k2 j7go xper means for you to observe or measure what is outside. You wish toek 9ojp yxg072 determine if the ship is stopped or moving at constant velocity. What should you do?

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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The Michelson-Morley experiment was designed tob uy3))cw7xms measure

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Michelson and Morley concluded from the results of theb; a8j 3oed+o nnpaf )3o;t1g,mgm/tyir experiment that

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You can build an interferometer yourself if8 wiuq*q1b,:d xids. n you use the following components:

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5#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the relativity prinwyy:j 7xy+gmx-by n0 28wh5snciple.
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6#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the three unprovable assu/d m hfuh /9n)cpj9(temptions of Galilean-Newtonian relativity.
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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The theory of special ra tlp*dr5 7 afb:(ebn/)m6je velativity

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of Einstein's postulates in fu:csyv0pithq )31mmj*t* e 5t ormulating the special theory of relativity was that the laws of physics are the same in referencey*qjumi v:m*3th t0) 1pet5 cs frames that

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9#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first postulate of speci592j br2wnw9ar 7osg d*cuuu/ al relativity.
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10#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second postulate of speci81cxl) txukhegrjj,m6lpd f180r/t 4al relativity.
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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If you were to measure your pulse rate while in a spaceship moving away from tajh0))7n ,z j5t5ujsx v*fs m we,wx-bhe S5s*v)nwxjatu z-b e,s,7xmjf 0h5 jw )un at a speed close to the speed of light, you would find that it was

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observer, a me l-zb;p1e l)ioving clock

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The gamma factor is dkje2* m2wt wome/n*a 3;sm t pr0rah03efined as $\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Suppose one twin takes a ride in a space ship travelinge s/yahv3usybe hble . 0ss(-(565for at a very high speed to a distant star and back again, while the other twin remains on Earth. The twin that remained on Earth predictshs/o36b 50l eush yy.a s-b5ev(esr( f that the astronaut twin is

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observer, a moving objectmf jfd *e10zch*be6;j

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction paralklk8 kl) i whoiv a-cb-e.)p,-lel to its length with a velocity that approaches the velocity of light. The width of this object, as measured ok.al )hw-)i-vk p8 -i,cblek by a stationary observer,

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its le8x ni k9s 8bgocjf-2o/ngth with a velocity that approaches the velocity of light. The length of t8k8bnjo s/9oi2f cg -xhis object, as measured by a stationary observer,

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of li kdxdb19ba4keg0g 4bv k-q.i3ght, the mass of the particle ekv1.40xqda-bid3ggb4bk 9 k

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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed ofm/g+fxw3x ,ye qq7cw : light, the momentum of the partic,/ xw+3:f ymc e7qxwqgle

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spear is thrown by youw2 yg7aa+q ts; at a very high speed. As it passes, you measure its length at one-half its normal length. From this measurement, you conclude that the moving spear'taq +y7;g aw2ss mass must be

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the kinetic energy of a speedy proton when itr2z 6x/m35 bxd z *k9siyc-pucs relativistic mass dozm xz69cuix5pk3/sc ry*d-2 b ubles?

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the total relativistic energy of a speedy proton when its r rph:gqtsrk 0u*it96u.4ua,eelativistic mass douha r: .uuu*6tiek40 t, sqr9gpbles?

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23#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider a particle o7 oinezi+aq gs 9a:)d,f mass $m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two spaceships, each traveling dnfs+ 1pipxdacl(-n4u:p w0 / at 0.50c in a straight line. Ship A is moving directly away frop0xc4a+iwsn /(pn pd1 du f:l-m the Sun and ship B is approaching the Sun. The science officers on each ship measure the velocity of light coming from the Sun. What do they measure for this velocity?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which of the following depends on the observer's frame of reference 6 0codbbn40)/ij id5rp0pjy b?

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26#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the velocity of your spaceshipep*a ll:n a76o increases, you would observe

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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still i6v5srck fg( d33 .la0e/bu vfwater. With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is 5cfgfeiv(0 u s d.3rka3vlb /6flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading upstream?

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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in sti umr*4y.iga zs5dt/v-vp ,+j :o3jnui ll water. With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat .u t5i+uimrv yz*3j/pjnd,oa4:gv-sis heading downstream?

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s inbaw8 b4 pmx/7w still water. With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if 7xmb8a4ww /pbthe boat is heading straight across the river?

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast should a moving clock travel if it is to be obs2ro, .;e 4mmnbtfnk 8ierved by a stationary observer as running at one-h tkbnnom fie8,r4m .2;alf its normal rate?

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31#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship takes a nonstop journey to a plane9w) o:f ywfbgsdp4;okbe1k*6t and returns in 10 hours according to a clock on the spaceship. If the speed of the spaceship is 0.80c, how much time has el6b9p * w4yg1kwf fd;sk)obe: oapsed on the Earth?

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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A set of twins, Andrea and Courtney, are initially 10 years old. Whipyvsl ta7kt -)8 ni;58,oh tcgle Courtney remains on Earth, Andrea rides on a ;8htva- oky)pslictn5 t87g ,space ship which travels away from Earth at a speed of 0.6c for five years (as measured by Courtney), then turns around and comes back at 0.6c. When Andrea returns, Courtney is 20 years old. How old is Andrea upon her return?

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One 20-year-old twin brother takes a s ud.v va -2d5fildvt,qj .i*w6pace trip with a speed of 0.80c for 30 years accor-v,wtj5li2qvid 6f.ud a* d.vding to a clock on the spaceship. Upon returning to the Earth, what is his own age and the age of the Earth-based twin brother?

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A meter stick is moving toward you with a sv4yexlx*r);r6xkn, j- ly r /ipeed of 0.80c. What is its length?

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast would a rocket ship have to move to contract to half h9pvgk*v e:awq -2 2den6)nne of its proper length (as observew2h vp962: e*kn)e-dgev ann qd by a stationary object)?

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36#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The length of a spaceship is 10 m when it is at rest. If the spaceship t9zsj(7(e gp1so5rsp l o 80xmjravels by you with a speep0ox sm 78o(eg19sr5jzsp(j ld of 0.70c, what length does it appear to you?

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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, oy qq11hihw2(h :l,kpwhich is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. What distance does the space ship travel according to a passeng112yhhpho(wqk,:lq ier on the ship?

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our s +w9uei gdhuv.;+ uu *;r(wiakolar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceru u+ 9;w+(haui*;dk. ugiewvship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on board the spaceship?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Ce /5hf6n,tz/ylh:md nentauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on the Earth?tl/d,m 5/ynfne:z6hh

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is traveling at 0.85c. What is its mass? (The rest mass i xrllmb1*n +g4s $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the speed of a proton i24zsa/ig3g 9o1, 4 fwwcztcgzf its mass is twice its rest mass?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the velocity of your spaceship goes from 0.3 c tog q3bia q94 :eq)e(iyx 0.6 c, then your mass will inci4b i: eqxeg)9q qy3a(rease by

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the momentum lbpj7 mg5zl09in $kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, an elemen,t)bi5eozu)r(l 9 rf qt loses $4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much energy woul . d0cz*oha i: ca-ztm+syta)u 7)rw(xd be released if 2.0 kg of material was lost during a reactio m. zcazoa)(d+w-hs*i)tyr0u7t:xa cn?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The amount of energy equivalxxg od (odqg2d*69 vamz9e.5went to two kilogram of mass at rest is

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The atomic bomb that was dropped on Nagasaki in 1945 kille veuiy7q3g7 l)d 140,000 people, helping to end World War II on the next day. It released energy equivalent to that of 20,000 tons of TNT explosive. How meilg737)qv uy uch mass was converted to energy when this took place? (1000 tons of TNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy o2.d2 rsnlv d*mf a proton is 80% of its total energy. What is the speed of the drlm nvd.*s22 proton?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total en 3mvgr47oscu :ergy. What is the momentumvus:gco347 r m in $kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

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51#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What energy is released (in MeV) during a reacti(t8hyg 4 yqd/g1bj f-7vre drk8wkx6:on in which $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much mass is lost during a r af082o o.q rvs,tw-breaction in which $1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the total energy of an electron moving with a speed of 0.95 out (ak646re t5v3.n7)locfr twup0ac?

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How many joules of ene0 iip )+gs-a k6qnurrl,c8;xhrgy are required to accelerate one kilogram of mass from rest to a 8r, i;a pgshlnikx -cqr0 +6u)velocity of 0.866 c?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In a nuclear plant, x8t ehu9ti8 hn0;9etq$1017 J$ of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is accelerated through 100 kV. By what fact ob lyj( nybpr1fg*3.4or has its mass increased grylb .n* yp(f3j4 b1owith respect to its rest mass?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are in a rocket traveling away from the Sun at 0.95c. Youm7*gl o im e8a xxqme3r*.9x,hhiyw9 4 measure the speed of light from the Suiem lhhqx*aoxg3*.,78 wym9e i mxr49n to be

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Two spaceships are traveling through space at 0.60 ofcjoq xil.,:wf32 4h c relative to the Earth. If the ships are headed directly toward each other, what is thexhoifl f3 :c. 4,woqj2ir approach velocity, as measured by a person on either craft?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A fast spaceship is traveling with a spee tr,jp7,b7 mjgd of 0.80c. How fast would light travel from ,gtrj,bj7 7pm the headlights of the ship relative to a stationary observer?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speedsqla 9 vj.88gr4ox7wzil (qc5 of 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocityo8 ( q raxsz l5v7q84i.g9wcjl of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired away from the Earth?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. The spacs of) ,ynndj p-/q64xbx;)khqeship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missix 64qdjsbon q;n- y)h,xkpf/)le measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired toward the Earth?

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