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习题练习:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity



 作者: physics   总分: 61分  得分: _____________

答题人: 匿名未登录  开始时间: 23年05月01日 10:24  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are riding in a spaceship 7;h mtk zevdq ckf8ai 7,mdv9)7fq dr2f).6zqthat has no windows, radios, or other means for you to observe or measure what is outside. Yoea,.7cd6 iq )h2qk;zfv vz 9)kmdrd 78ft fq7mu wish to determine if the ship is stopped or moving at constant velocity. What should you do?

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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The Michelson-Morley experiment was designe y-1uzjs ubg2)wip/6mlog 7f. d to measure

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Michelson and Morley concluded from the results of their experimentejb+0. y(yg fn that

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You can build an interferometer yourself if i.x1cb:s*wgj1 wz um*s (v-jvyou use the following components:

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5#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the relativity lo1vn- jtn5p,; y7megprinciple.
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6#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the three unprovable assumpml r uypb:t-4d4u kkj*j +w4q6tions of Galilean-Newtonian relativity.
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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The theory of special relativiav5hoq8 u, d6sco6, ( deyoxr8ty

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of Einstein's postulates in formulating the special theory t ezryy8/,t0t-j7xsd9 :zh irof relativity was that the laws -r9 te zyjz /,dt:0y7 8shitxrof physics are the same in reference frames that

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9#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first postulate of special relativitor3d0 /zpj7ivd- zm,e 4a.g ipru,+rwy.
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10#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second postulaf kgwp/i* 7+bwte of special relativity.
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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If you were to measure your pulse rate while in :no4 s4 e (dulxyaq17fa spaceship moving away from the Sun at a speed close to the speed of light, you wou4 1q(4nsyxlfa:du e o7ld find that it was

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observl+xpm;yic* v, er, a moving clock

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The gamma factor is define7erdoi(iu5 f emvle( 6+t v.xsz5i-e(d as $\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Suppose one twin takes a ride in a space //cpdr 5j3.;fufyx v06 agmavship traveling at a very high speed to a distant star and back again, while the of m;ya/v6djugvp a/ 3 r.5fc0xther twin remains on Earth. The twin that remained on Earth predicts that the astronaut twin is

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observer, a mo2mf2e24vpk2;f fjy py4d x 9moving object

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its length with a velocity that approrr 9uqcqg8yf:j).wp9h brqhqass0 -a uu1 /+ .aches the vecps1 yu ) rhq.auf9 :+j-0.rqsugharqq9w/ 8blocity of light. The width of this object, as measured by a stationary observer,

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its lengthyxrn q,/mg(8c 8a8bmn with a velocity that approaches the velocity of light. The length of this object, as measured by a stationary observerxq m88 gmba8( n,nc/yr,

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particl.ses0 szw0pl* h4 hw-5g2wyqoql 4r:xe approaches the speed of light, the mass of the particlewxl0s- *. q:ly5ohwq s4ezp4rg wh20s

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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed jg)p, ik-pni9cve3v +of light, the momentum of the particljkcp3p-)9 iv gv nie,+e

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spear is thrown by you at a very high speed. As it passes, you measure itsntdu*(1o ere(/ *nahv qzcu,: length at one-half its normal length. From this measurement, you conclude thatd (:1enr zcu( uh*voqna/*,te the moving spear's mass must be

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the kinetiaacl:m94*qvx1 sm5 qac energy of a speedy proton when its relativistic mass doublesam l a41aqq 5x9*mvc:s?

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the total relativistic energy of az a5.1cee29mr n mid4 5(usm( k+vhzxm speedy proton when its relativistic mass doublesms zvk5i nmezhumx(+.e5a9c m12 (4rd?

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23#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider a particle of massouo/ g 7*m8baf $m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two spaceships, eachgd*:m kr om1us9w0ua d *;fp48.vs dte traveling at 0.50c in a straight line. Ship A is movin1oemw sdd*a vt.dm;ugk8su 49r:0 *fpg directly away from the Sun and ship B is approaching the Sun. The science officers on each ship measure the velocity of light coming from the Sun. What do they measure for this velocity?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which of the following depends on gh 3u24 45byrehr,hi8veg9 jvthe observer's frame of reference?

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26#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the velocity of your spaceship increases, you would obsu.z4 .ro0)a lzaplaki*4xq g)erve

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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water.hf()(m8 uij5):z ybmohd7 o6j.ajvxw With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the bobhjw( y)jx vu o6mzm):(i d.j8 5af7hoat is heading upstream?

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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, relative to zml l0tyi;w ;pfn8,4g the shore, does it move 4p;mgyll8if,n;tw 0 z in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading downstream?

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, relathjjq;f c1/ egr5.v 1frive to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s. 51rj /f1rhv;cf egjq if the boat is heading straight across the river?

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast should a moving clock travel if it is to be observed by a stationary owdk/2 6zr)jdve8b5 isuvya44m )i)k b(t/zakbserver as running at one-hal )(z46kddvii /mt/yuwsz 8a2b4v )kjakb r5)ef its normal rate?

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31#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship takes a nonstop jvlo k, p9 gujtof0v5;1ourney to a planet and returns in 10 hours according to a cloc 5vgkuptolj0 o;1vf9,k on the spaceship. If the speed of the spaceship is 0.80c, how much time has elapsed on the Earth?

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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A set of twins, Andrea and Courtney, are ininsx)8:w+ r xa1lk4yp itially 10 years old. While Courtney remains on Earth, Andrea ri:a+wip41lyrx x8ns) kdes on a space ship which travels away from Earth at a speed of 0.6c for five years (as measured by Courtney), then turns around and comes back at 0.6c. When Andrea returns, Courtney is 20 years old. How old is Andrea upon her return?

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One 20-year-old twin brother9,-npyni :l8mxjf-vw m39z q r takes a space trip with a speed of 0.80c for 30 years according to a clock on the spaceship. Upon returning to the Earth, what is his own age and the age of the Eal :n8-j,wf 3 ymvr9niq zp9-mxrth-based twin brother?

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A meter stick is moving toward you with a speed of 0.80c. What is its lengtdu02fb)tz ; (/ axfgelh?

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast would a rocg k68ldcah6nih;ts/byoy ys- ) (+ .omdlrl )*ket ship have to move to contract to half of its proper lengthloh as mrhl+yyb)- d8y sn;c6k6l*t ./)go(di (as observed by a stationary object)?

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36#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The length of a spaceship is 10 m when it is at rest. If the spaceshi3 nt2kugye2vsx 6:.0oddo 3 xqp travels by eu o3:sko0xx2d 3g.tn6 vd2yqyou with a speed of 0.70c, what length does it appear to you?

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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light ylh 0w1lxw3,6lq( pr bjears away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.q l03rj,hxlw 6(p1wb l800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. What distance does the space ship travel according to a passenger on the ship?

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to f s;xnl+qgk v-cd2 qdbd:(ca /z6d o,8our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceshq8 fvnzlk,g:dx/sq2 d ca-+c;b6 od(dip with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on board the spaceship?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light yting16k z6fqk +r9kv1ears away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth trav k6gnz1 f96rqitvk 1k+els toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on the Earth?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is traveling at 0.85c. p:1dp 0 r(cqdkWhat is its mass? (The rest mass is $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the speed of a proton 2tort4((bg uq if its mass is twice its rest mass?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the velocity of your spaceship goes fr7)hebg 6 fnhl5;bqn z2om 0.3 c to 0.6 c, then your mass will incr2 ne7glqfzb n5) h;6hbease by

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the momentum nq p6-l 6a)hkkdexjqu2u/7 d2 in $kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, an element lostv0u6jomf- (d .w rx z)owtb:1es $4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much energy would be released if 2.0 kg of materqoq 2 j7x.izy8ial was lost during a reactioo.8y 7qxzjqi2 n?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The amount of energy equivalen6bgm6 -dw q c:q,5jh55;r6zivnjhoqs t to two kilogram of mass at rest is

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The atomic bomb that was dropped on Nagasaki in 1945 killed 140,000 pnpp :1gom/ra p+tbf by4m5)8keople, helping to end World War II on the next day. It released energy equivalent to that of 20,000 tons of TNT explosive. How much mass was converted fm 8+4g/t)prmyob15bapk :npto energy when this took place? (1000 tons of TNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total knx6( w00/ jur 8qtgivenergy. What is the speed of the protok8n vjwrxqgi00 6/(utn?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton ix3wbpkl 0:p vovq.6+5l. nbnc s 80% of its total energy. What is the momentum in pnocl p lbx.b 05k:+3v6qn v.w$kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

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51#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What energy is released (in MeVc rttn8:svc .3) during a reaction in which $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much mass is lost during a reacesoo8e8 valo9 6fcs94i zlvbf47; u(q tion in which $1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the total energy of an electron moving with a speed of0nkw)qt ,v2j0/ac :gqjh- yjz 0.95c?

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How many joules of ener0k)wz /ggqf5 wgy are required to accelerate one kilogram of mass from rest to a veloc qkwfz)5g g/0wity of 0.866 c?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In a nuclear plant, n3h1m /g0t u+g8fcgjv $1017 J$ of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is accelerated through 100 kV. af,tx0 u.6:2 bwx uzyh By what factor has its mass increased with resp w 0hztuxfx.y,2 :u6baect to its rest mass?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are in a rocket traveling away from ;lg z *3sgtti:the Sun at 0.95c. You measure the speed of light from the Sun :tzs*lggi 3;t to be

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Two spaceships are traveling through space at 0.60 c relative t)cbc (*:h hwmlo the Earth. If the ships are headed directly toward each other, what is their approach velocity, as measured by a person on either ch hb*cm) cw:(lraft?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A fast spaceship is travelinr2 kx7-ukg fz )k)0.x bs3vjcng with a speed of 0.80c. How fast would light travel from the headlights of tk3x c0 gzkf2skj -n)rbuv7).x he ship relative to a stationary observer?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. The u*2it*.p.eedevl2f lspaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired away frp d le.*vetlfu *e.2i2om the Earth?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away (q7*7 dvthj4xp-awe m from the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired toward t 7 eq4xv *pdajht-wm(7he Earth?

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