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习题练习:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity



 作者: physics   总分: 61分  得分: _____________

答题人: 匿名未登录  开始时间: 23年05月01日 10:24  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are riding in a spaceship that has no windows, radios, or other meanxho4e2rwp 9lc z8(nalzs49 wpo4l+ i;;n v p5es for you to observe or h4zp leoplxa4r9 ;z(lo8ivs2encpw 5+; 9wn4 measure what is outside. You wish to determine if the ship is stopped or moving at constant velocity. What should you do?

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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The Michelson-Morley experiment was designed to me *dqfc wdss4uug1 (5)casure

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Michelson and Morley concalgr:p jx i+hdf z;33in6gn +(luded from the results of their experiment that

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You can build an interferometer yourself if you use the following componentm 6t5qxwbv0pt)7se otc.1i )is:

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5#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the relativity principl9 f io*xf5/wx+ :nv ,dk,frsxde.
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6#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the three unprovable assumptions of Galilean c8mmk n+o8tt.p6 nyd0-Newtonian relativity.
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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The theory of special relatoemn+ut cubad,p )2:+t7jr +tjyk u7- ivity

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of Einstein's postulates in formulating the special theory of relativity wchaf+v)-/sdou )v; dv as that the laws of physics are the same in rf)h );vvuc/ sad-od+ veference frames that

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9#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first postulate of special relativ4 )xr ble ;)u73tnrn3 v8 mykajojjc(7ity.
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10#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second post es;grkpa6 ar6g65d;9u lvn)pulate of special relativity.
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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If you were to measure your pulse rate while in a spaceship moving away fggnwd4e0u z r5jar)t d)-a7cgmt ,o/* rom the Sun at a speed close a)ogju dg wzm/d7,-ta0r cr5*4g net )to the speed of light, you would find that it was

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observ ,duc+im6pu,6k me9vfer, a moving clock

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The gamma factor is d,p8njbgxn -s9efined as $\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Suppose one twin takes a ride in a spa*c)( jxjamjbi7mbg 90ce ship traveling at a very high speed to a distant star and back againjm)9jib a(bj0*xmcg 7 , while the other twin remains on Earth. The twin that remained on Earth predicts that the astronaut twin is

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observer, a moving objecu1vmz0 ti eo. 20tr-kvt

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its length with a tr/ll(8.nyly fa o v1zb f)1k*velocity that approaches the velo ln)1/ok .y(1b ayzvrllf8* ftcity of light. The width of this object, as measured by a stationary observer,

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its length with a vqgnoq0ua 618; iid io5elocity that approaches the velocity of light. The length of this object, as meoia56i8gq; duoiqn 1 0asured by a stationary observer,

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of light, thoepr r)y4 ld0+e mass of the partic+ld0 yrer)p o4le

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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle a(w 8q sft6:xo 8 z6,e s;rk4qkhyygg4mpproaches the speed of light, the momentum of the part ,mss 6y(ht8wr4xeqgk:;8kfo z 4q6gy icle

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spear is thrown by you at a very high speed. As it passes, you measure t1th15de swe6its length at one-half its normal length. From this m1w s t1e6hdt5eeasurement, you conclude that the moving spear's mass must be

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the 3uxgsi 3b1 w,q*)dkpl kinetic energy of a speedy proton when its relativistic mass doublessgdpw3 x* qb)i luk31,?

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the total relativistic energy of a speedy proton when its r6h)za dvvc1q*/x,m h bco9r0velativistic 0mh*vx/ohbavzdv)c9 1, rqc6mass doubles?

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23#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider a particle of mass p+j 2qk-,iz fk$m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two spaceships, eachn :z; yvtyd(voehm 37;fri 8.x traveling at 0.50c in a straight line. Ship A is moving directly away from the Sun and ship B is apprhyno;i7e:t v .f rvx8d3m;yz(oaching the Sun. The science officers on each ship measure the velocity of light coming from the Sun. What do they measure for this velocity?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which of the following depends onggxdg0uuux072ih5:ft u ; a e8 the observer's frame of reference?

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26#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the velocity of your spaceship increases, you ww .i1zsg3:erd+9qzmwould observe

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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s i oz:nqy1k*ba 3du- -ynn still water. With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing 1n y*n y-qodzb:u-3ak at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading upstream?

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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in sti3ab2ji7lp1q h;f: jpg ll water. With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat2ajbf3q7hp:gj l1 ;i p is heading downstream?

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. p1l ,v7yw gg6g With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading straight across the ,v glw617gpgyriver?

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast should a moving clock travel if it is to be observed by a stattgnv2f7 2x 9wcionary observer as running at one-htvgcnx22 fw97 alf its normal rate?

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31#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship takes a nonstop journey tp 25wba,g;dso4u;kk,dy uu 2of8knc 8o a planet and returns in 10 hours according to a clock on t d;ocs8 2k kb 8,fa5y2d;uug,p4ukonwhe spaceship. If the speed of the spaceship is 0.80c, how much time has elapsed on the Earth?

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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A set of twins, Andrea and Courtney, are initially 10 years (bzdc ( nv5oj*t+/etpitw+x6 old. While Courtney remains on Earth, Andrea rides on a space ship which travels away from Earth at a speed of 0.6c for five years (as measured by Courtney), then tu+ovt* (ptzw c6/5j+xnb d(tei rns around and comes back at 0.6c. When Andrea returns, Courtney is 20 years old. How old is Andrea upon her return?

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One 20-year-old twin brother takes a space mud9/s3 hq+4wbn x, f uxsd-3n6o x4wftrip with a speed of 0.80c for 30 years according to a clock on the spaceship. Upon returning to the Earth, what is his own age and the age of the Earth-based twin brotsdhx36wu,/4nx4 nf b- 9 dmxo qfw3su+her?

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A meter stick is moving toward you with a speed of t7u*wk k*ojj18tln ,y 0.80c. What is its length?

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast would a rocket ship have to move to pt );m xu3akvxbh+j-3contract to half of its proper length (as obseraxpx -mbk+jh;3tvu 3) ved by a stationary object)?

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36#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The length of a spaceship is 10 m when it is at rest. If th1f(1ezfjlt j (e spaceship travels by you with a speed of 0.70c, what length doe fe1 j1(l(ztfjs it appear to you?

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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light 8 mzsqg r*89u+o-6:,jm ,7sjky-pofnwffmk yyears away. A spaceship with a s,njf7y+ -8 mpf :m q,*9ofw8gzrjks u-kmy6oconstant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. What distance does the space ship travel according to a passenger on the ship?

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 lia5-govinhkcw0pt 8 * u- pvtx.b 2q0u4k95bae ght years away. A spaceship with a constant speed ofeuq0ip0pk 5kn-abhxc g bat.8 259 u-ovtw4v * 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on board the spaceship?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, w9yxxbf(+ 8+n+d gj /m0m3s*mg1yh v kdhpkk1phich is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant spe1k+h mkd8ksv+ jxynx+0 gd1 g*(pbfy93mh/pm ed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on the Earth?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is traveling at 0.85c. What is its mass? (The rest s tye4d rn xq(n1 cx y+jdg+1.w1.mjc7mass is $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the speed of a proton if its mrfuk3;2gto x6 ass is twice its rest mass?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the velocity of your spaceship goes from 0.3 c to 0.6 c, d5x,my9 nszdn7un 2(xthen your mass will incd9n 75dusm2,x n zynx(rease by

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the momentum in*nbmpb /*bdp+ $kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, anh4oqb2z jik o:oml+h )65ltp.(o3yhx element loses $4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much energy would be rep ser/ a3g,9osleased if 2.0 kg of material was lost during a reacti3r, s9g /paesoon?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The amount of energy equival .4e8,v nfgtm3r. *rqpzmggn0ent to two kilogram of mass at rest is

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The atomic bomb that was dropped on Nagasaki in 1945 killed 140,000 people, sddeps,7 hh;+ila q8e3qa-q +helping to end World War II on the next day. It released energy equivalent to that of 20,000 tons of TNT explosive. How much mass was converted to energy when this took place? (1000 tons 3hd,-ihqa7 qpe++s la;q8sd eof TNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total energy. What is the8 1djc ociv0-2plhy ,f speed of the protcp jyo8cv12, f-l dih0on?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80:0k0z e hhnhg;% of its total energy. What is the momentum in0hg z e:hn0k;h $kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

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51#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What energy is released (in MeV) durin g ea7mc7;,lkig a reaction in which $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much mass is lost d/ 6lm ,ld(dirtpv)2r puring a reaction in which $1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the total energy of an electron moving with alh w /7o a3)6jtwzi5hx speed of 0.95c?

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How many joules of energy are required to accelerate one kilogram of mass g)6xyfg0as3 zpn 1x5mfrom rest to a veloci xzn ) af65xs3g0mp1ygty of 0.866 c?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In a nuclear plant, jak ;hw42ne(i(muid r o: c/o5$1017 J$ of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is accelerated through 100 kV. By what factor has its mass / 9j,gdromiy2 3ljue(increased with rgy2(j id/9u 3jemo lr,espect to its rest mass?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are in a rocket traveling away from the Sun at 0.95c. You l n sf5(yble8ryp1, s3 pndb:-measure the speed ofn :(-p b le8d1nsl5,fsyry3pb light from the Sun to be

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Two spaceships are traveling through space at 0.60 c relative tooz c 7t2t:v4zb the Earth. If the ships are headed directly zboc7z4tv2 t: toward each other, what is their approach velocity, as measured by a person on either craft?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A fast spaceship is traveling 6qtry f5:;l2gnov3v d with a speed of 0.80c. How fast would light travel from the headlightstgv;d 6qnv5f o2:3lyr of the ship relative to a stationary observer?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed of 0.80tvg1;)qxi ev0coz tpo.8 o *k:c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile me .tq0ixgzeovop8 v )1o:ct*k;asured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired away from the Earth?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speen na( .2be r-au;gth;s/oz/ ied of 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceshia b ; nzu;(t/easognih./-r2ep. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired toward the Earth?

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