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习题练习:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity



 作者: physics   总分: 61分  得分: _____________

答题人: 匿名未登录  开始时间: 23年05月01日 10:24  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are riding in a spaceship thatuq+0p )v8ynq p has no windows, radios, or other means for you to observe or measure what is outside. You wish to determine if the ship is stopped or movi+80p npv)uq yqng at constant velocity. What should you do?

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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The Michelson-Morley experiment was des*vuv(bt wt t 4:)ds+7naevuawg6 25jjigned to measure

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Michelson and Morley coifgs(vbrk2- *:z8j4 td lwf1i ncluded from the results of their experiment that

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You can build an interferometer yourself if you use -svly: +8 k1bhu dzhr-2u oxn*m*;bufthe following components:

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5#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the relativity principlemx.igk -zc-:p.
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6#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the three unprovable assumptionsyak. (2drsbk9kocoju)g4zue 1o -i() of Galilean-Newtonian relativity.
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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The theory of special relativi sg+w8m7pak4w ty

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of Einstein's postulates in formuyfcw9i sg7+ )ztj 3a2flating the special theory of relativity was that the laws of physics are the same in reference framesf)t ysc2 3zw79ajg+i f that

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9#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first postulate of specmyueq*e18 dz 55mz: 0o a zcpdgn+n(6jial relativity.
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10#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second postulatoxx84nui)x vbykzv l-5 ;; mv2e of special relativity.
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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If you were to measure your pulse03.lg di:l d9tgu1qgc rate while in a spaceship moving away from the Sun at a spq0idu :9.3g 1 tgcgdlleed close to the speed of light, you would find that it was

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observer, a moving c*ylt6f v6+j *ceu sc.slock

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The gamma factor is defined a )7iix8fe3w.f 9wixot6hdb5 qs $\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Suppose one twin takes a ride in a space ship traveling at a ver; *c;x 35 ydlsbiivi.hy high speed to a distant star and back a bi5x 3dcs.h;i*yi;lvgain, while the other twin remains on Earth. The twin that remained on Earth predicts that the astronaut twin is

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observe 5dhbs1j1 oeh:r, a moving object

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its lengbnui(t7d0p,nj,3 rl fth with a velocity that approaches the velocity of light.l3nbiudrn,7 t (0pjf, The width of this object, as measured by a stationary observer,

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its length w rpu72lf s52 f4c4n ni *p)ebuj1dsx2yith a velocity that approaches the velocity of light. The length of this object, as4)sdbepcr2*jnn 5upx 21u4fs2 iy l7 f measured by a stationary observer,

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particvudu 3gt8c35q ryqp d s)w;c05le approaches the speed of light, the mass of the particl3r5csd ;8gypwdu 3)tvq 5qcu0e

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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a partic n7 zdqs49p2gele approaches the speed of light, the momentum of the pa9nq42e7 gzsp drticle

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spear is thrown by you at a very high speed. As it passes, you ::a2wkxdhl0vmeasure its length at one-half its normal length. From thv:k: 2d0laxw his measurement, you conclude that the moving spear's mass must be

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the kinetic ene4f) tcu: 2jc a*ndzda4rgy of a speedy proton when its relativistic mass doublenzjtu aa )4d *c2fdc:4s?

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the total relativistic energ.ofb0h cnx*: o *d4kilsi/)xby of a speedy proton when its relativisti x)ixso0*ln/bbk: i4d*coh .fc mass doubles?

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23#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider a particle of mas,n9df;u) ty(fu 1ho nrs $m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two spaceships, each traveling at 0.50c in a straight line. Ship y);8r4lcqnd oirx c.3 A is moving directly away from the Sun and ship B is apl . 43;rcr8ocyxni)d qproaching the Sun. The science officers on each ship measure the velocity of light coming from the Sun. What do they measure for this velocity?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which of the following depends on the obgl. o2 i/ e 1vsce8*lbphz4h3y*a v0miserver's frame of reference?

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26#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the velocity of your spac ( y/d5w1t4oik *j3e)jxzsh *q4skplb eship increases, you would observe

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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, r j3*xa4ln(j 76wvlf2q qs oysrq*:g:pelative to the shore, does it move 3nq6x q 2vpqry*a(: 74sllg *oj:jfswin a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading upstream?

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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s ic,q2 ap5d -ovspo5 ac2n still water. With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.5psa-c va qo,c5pd2o 20 m/s if the boat is heading downstream?

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With w-:ovh7u6z q zjhat speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading straight across the rij7u- zh6 zov:qver?

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast should a moving clock travel if it is to be ce0nwz; zy5:u observed by a stationary obs wc0yn;zu:ez5 erver as running at one-half its normal rate?

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31#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship takes a nonstop journvp4arzopl r6/di l+66 ey to a planet and returns in 10 hours according to a co d6ll/rvz a64pi+6prlock on the spaceship. If the speed of the spaceship is 0.80c, how much time has elapsed on the Earth?

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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A set of twins, Andrea and Courtney, are initially 10 years old. ka: zng*3v) fu;*ksozWhile Courtney remains on Earth, Andrea rides on a space ship which travels away from Earth at a speed of 0.6c for five years (as measured by Courtney), then turns around and comes back at zvkgk :*zo*;san)u3f0.6c. When Andrea returns, Courtney is 20 years old. How old is Andrea upon her return?

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One 20-year-old twin brother takes a space trip with a speed of 0.80c for 30 yeawy m ceccd;+3ra0-x3yrs according to a clock on the spaceship. Upon returning to the Earth, yx3aerm 3c ccdy+w;-0what is his own age and the age of the Earth-based twin brother?

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A meter stick is movv n 1-qq1b,erring toward you with a speed of 0.80c. What is its length?

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast would a rocket ship have to move to c w5s5k9bzdah-ex6 ko, ontract to half of its proper length (as observed by a stationary ob 5a5bzsd h k9-ke6xwo,ject)?

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36#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The length of a spaceship is 10 m when it is at rest. If the spaceship tj/46yhh/ b3j a6wlzqrravels by you wit6h/a hw lqj3/j6y br4zh a speed of 0.70c, what length does it appear to you?

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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centaurg;mk8w uusa xaas 3: yuj)534di, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the stay;uu3guxwj3ms)a4a :k 5d 8 asr. What distance does the space ship travel according to a passenger on the ship?

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light ye9 e5 zh+5h:m/zvnu inbars away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a5zv/hn9iz hmu5b+ne: clock on board the spaceship?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, whi)uobdn-ld0lf e9 0;mzch is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travb);nod-09z uml0eldfels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on the Earth?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is traveling at 0.85c. What ihi-d w/p.pwqm ye i84dxi09; a6,qowms its mass? (The rest mass is $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the speed of a prl ur232jk- rdbp ddnwc(g *bcs*;63tdoton if its mass is twice its rest mass?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the velocity of your space)n6v0*uemhgc ship goes from 0.3 c to 0.6 c, then your mass will increase )c0vhg* uen6 mby

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the momentum inn :enj;s4nrf y,ll0 qvvy, 40a.jqr x3 $kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, an element lorwu*lxdk4 c v+8,8ybznozwjj9 / q3, zses $4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much energy would be released if 2.0 kg of material was lost du8()bnqud kk9l.k lq2 g4qj nq6ring a reaction?g.l l(b4q6 d8)qn k 9qnq2jukk

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The amount of energy equivalent to tw/:edevo)uu1y i9 l5 h p9zyyg(o kilogram of mass at rest is

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The atomic bomb that was dropped on Nagasaki in 1945 killed 140,000 peopll8k1ewd ujvl+ cyf2ga9lim9 x)nnu ct/j- *.3e, helping to end World War II on the next day. It released energy equivalent to that of 20,000 tons of TNT explosive. How much mass was converted to energy when th1 d)utx. nc+e *if-2l gnl9cvjm9yjlwuk/ a83is took place? (1000 tons of TNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total energy. What is the,f52 )o7 dqujeenqg i7 speed of the)o,qe7ij gdfq n2u 7e5 proton?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total o;/7.amdli hi 70fg7zc vmu wo98h4y benergy. What is the momentum in/7 im 0uv7h7hymc o.8lgzbao9i; df 4w $kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

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51#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What energy is released (in MeV) k+m6u5 + dokr fyq6*xuduring a reaction in which $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much mass is lost during a reaction in whi9a5,z2a k8fmwd)ck;s m f qdh,ch $1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the total energy of an electron moving with a speed of 0.95ud/mat3jzx 5zb)t *y /c?

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How many joules of energy are required to accelerate one kilogram of mah/ 7 ps nr*e0;y9ao+wsbkl:vb ss from rest to a velocity of 0.866 + hb/yow ak9rn:vsps;0ebl*7 c?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In a nuclear plant, q,f6h sm xf8fw3,-hjt $1017 J$ of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is accelerated t,ohz50(rz 2y dyptj/dwev)i ;3p0 o xjhrough 100 kV. By what factor has its mass increased wit ;e (pyhwiz, r2jyotvjd /d)0x035zoph respect to its rest mass?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are in a rocket traveling away from the Sun at 0.95c. You meas82ap/n gt rzjky /y.g(ure the speed of light pg8ar2zkt yy(n/. g/jfrom the Sun to be

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Two spaceships are traveling through space as48dx2g fpm0vv) mm/rt 0.60 c relative to the Earth. If the ships are headed directly toward each o2mp/ 4x80)srm dv fvgmther, what is their approach velocity, as measured by a person on either craft?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A fast spaceship is travelinr6.r tddx (xafta;39- hs p7sng with a speed of 0.80c. How fast would light travel from the headlights of the ship relative to a stationary obser.s3 ;d6(t7s-dx9f x rapanhrtver?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth w5 i g*qin)(vciith a speed of 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the)( iq cn*vii5g missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired away from the Earth?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speeu xwfl.(5pb+rd of 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired towar .r( lb5fxw+upd the Earth?

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