Physics Unit31: Nuclear Energy and Radiation - 51fly国际课程 (51fly.win)

1#

When a target nucleus is bombarded by an appropriate beam of particles, ik lm0p6og:td 22gf1vvt is possibgl :2dp6k1fmot0g2vv le to produce

A. a less massive nucleus, but not a more massive one.

B. a more massive nucleus, but not a less massive one.

C. a nucleus with smaller atomic number, but not one with a greater atomic number.

D. a nucleus with greater atomic number, but not one with a smaller atomic number.

E. a nucleus with either greater or smaller atomic number.

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2#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

The mass of a proton 3 8bt3 *pr8 x :3rexkpv,eeodsis $1.6726 \times 10^{-27} \; kg$ and the mass of a neutron is $1.6749 \times 10^{-27} \; kg$. A proton captures a neutron forming a deuterium nucleus. One would expect the mass of this nucleus to be

A. equal to $(1.6726 + 1.6749) \times 10^{-27} \; kg$.

B. less than $(1.6726 + 1.6749) \times 10^{-27} \; kg$.

C. greater than $(1.6726 + 1.6749) \times 10^{-27} \; kg$.

D. any of these; it depends on the energy released during the capture.

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3#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

In a nuclear reaction, what value is conserved 9-5lwjbxsa 19 s3tskm in addition to electric charge, energy, and mo5x blk13 s9t-sasj9 wmmentum?

A. atomic number

B. neutron number

C. nucleon number

D. none of the given answers

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4#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

A proton strikes an oxygen-18tjwj(5fynw-y (i0qcrr 9 vpp+)/wc0 t nucleus producing fluorine-18 and another particle. What otc)pj wpyqinw jw0rt/- t( 0(yv 5fr9+cher particle is produced by this nuclear reaction?

A. a neutron

B. an $\alpha$ particle

C. an $b-$ particle

D. an $b+$ particle

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5#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

A nuclear reaction is said to be exothermic if the total kinetic energy 8 zgea(-qx j,pln.)7 s9bymtd is

A. less after the reaction than before.

B. equal both before and after the reaction.

C. greater after the reaction than before.

D. zero after the reaction.

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6#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

A nuclear reaction is said to be endother s3,u,egv05;2 wcbyzkpj0mb imic if the total kinetic energy is

A. less after the reaction than before.

B. equal both before and after the reaction.

C. greater after the reaction than before.

D. zero after the reaction.

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7#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

The process during which a heavy nucleus such as uranium spli,+( wdasf - 7xa5qloo 6 ray1ihxp5v9its into two intermediate-size6i7(aa+q xrhys 9d xop 5lf,i- o1vaw5d nuclei after being struck by a neutron is referred to as

A. nuclear fission.

B. nuclear fusion.

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8#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

The process during which small nuclei combine n5.uz 5hv*iymq c(34e,xv msm to form larger ones is referred to as 5v54zhnu,* qx m.y vsme3(imc

A. nuclear fission.

B. nuclear fusion.

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9#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

How does the total mass of the products of a nuclear fission reklsdr z79+ a56vib:eoaction compare to the mass of the origink e+7:zldi 59bovr a6sal elements?

A. greater

B. less

C. the same

D. varies according to the reaction

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10#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

How does the mass of the products of a nucleaepcayzn6oq y; *7 h62v7a;lb jr fusion reaction compare to the mass of 6*oq;j y6bn7phcyva27al;z e the original elements?

A. greater

B. less

C. the same

D. varies according to the reaction

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11#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

When light elements such as hydrogen undergo fusio :b o t5:u6in8rglvd1tn,

A. there is a loss of mass.

B. there is an increase in mass.

C. there is no change in mass.

D. electric charge can be annihilated.

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12#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

The fuel for nuclear fission8n wl2r3e i8m2j3gq( 3evl au8vm df4d is

A. Hydrogen

B. Helium

C. Uranium

D. any radioactive material

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13#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

The fuel for nuclear fusionq3lfuhnc q5uzu58p s p :0.7ka in the center of the Sun is

A. Hydrogen

B. Helium

C. Uranium

D. any radioactive material

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14#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

The energy radiated by a star, such as the Sun, resue)csusa92p1v lts from

A. beta decay.

B. alpha decay.

C. fission reactions.

D. fusion reactions.

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15#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

What is the source of the energy the Sun radiates to)(bzr 9d3x el-wg+ .frqin j2l us?

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16#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

What is the principle difference betwezgfial8 8ly ctwx a(441r2s ;aen a hydrogen bomb and a uranium bomb?

A. A uranium bomb is an atomic bomb, and a hydrogen bomb is a nuclear bomb.

B. A uranium bomb utilizes a fission reaction whereas a hydrogen bomb utilizes a fusion reaction.

C. Both work on the same principle, but the hydrogen bomb has a higher yield.

D. A hydrogen bomb converts mass into energy, whereas a uranium bomb does not.

E. One results in radioactive fallout, and the other does not.

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17#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

One sometimes hears c4f cdg1h*fl83j5mlut j+v ; freference to a "20-kiloton" bomb. What does this mean?

A. It means 20,000 tons of nuclear explosive is used in the bomb.

B. It means that the number of "fissile" nuclei is equal to the number of trinitrotoluene molecules in 20,000 tons of TNT explosive.

C. It means that the total weight of the bomb (not just the uranium) is 20,000 tons.

D. It means that the energy released by the bomb is equal to the energy released when 20,000 tons of TNT is exploded.

E. This refers to the maximum pressure generated by the bomb when it explodes.

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18#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

What is the meaning of the term "critical tmx2j-j5ti.pyksv4 3a 8irzrlm 55g4mass"?

A. This refers to the mass of the "critical" elements in a reactor, i.e., the uranium or plutonium.

B. This refers to the minimum amount of fissionable material required to sustain a chain reaction.

C. This is the amount of mass needed to make a power reactor economically feasible.

D. This is the material which is just on the verge of becoming radioactive.

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19#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

A chain reaction canr/ fqqc 5p v1:wt2to*t occur

A. in any uranium core.

B. when critical mass is reached.

C. in the center of the Sun.

D. when the coolant is too hot.

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20#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

The chief hazard of radiation damage to living cells , 0 7fb(a-bha; qyzwwgis

A. due to ionization.

B. due to heating.

C. due to the creation of chemical impurities.

D. the creation of new isotopes within the body.

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21#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

What is necessary to stop beta p2sa.xi55 xnaparticles?

A. air alone

B. paper

C. metal foil

D. thick metal

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22#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

What is created in pair productiono :(axtavdp+wgvw6rylb8 + 19?

A. a proton and a positron

B. an electron and an antiproton

C. an electron and a positron

D. an electron and a photon

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23#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

All of the following are units used topn-fwa85 y//c+vl myt describe radiation dosage in humans excep5/y 8amwcy+vptf -nl/t

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24#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

A unit that measures the effective dose of radiation in 1oskq afuf 91*p6 us*yla8mf) a human is the

A. curie.

B. RBE.

C. rad.

D. rem.

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25#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

When lead-207 (Z = 82) is bombarded with neutrons, it z+bpfu)qkywr y0.+1 7 mp0 ndzcan change into

A. lead-208.

B. lead-206.

C. tellurium-208 (Z = 81).

D. bismuth-208 (Z = 83).

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26#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

In the fission reactionvd(40v*;javxr*+jgjjv;k*y n utx ba1 2q: lx $^{235}U \;+\; ^{1}n \rightarrow ^{141}Ba \;+\; ^{92}Kr \;+\; neutrons$, the number of neutrons produced is

A. zero.

B. 1.

C. 2.

D. 3.

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27#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

Complete the following nuczx0ysm x r)0r*iwb z2-lear reaction: $^{16}_8 O \;+\; ^1_0 n \rightarrow \;\;\;\;\;\; \;+\; ^4_2 He$

A. $^{12} C$

B. $^{13} C$

C. $^{14} C$

D. $^{15} C$

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28#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

Complete the following nuclear reactiono),hs 7dh74t 0y8ybiyb y+ec m: $^{16}_8 O \;+\; ^4_2 He \rightarrow \;\;\;\;\;\; \;+\; ^{19}_{10} Ne$

A. $^1 p$

B. $^1 n$

C. $^2 H$

D. $^3 H$

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29#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

Complete the following nuc ac/idud o,icq+ (*1kflear reaction: $^{38}_{19} K \;+\; ^1_1 H \rightarrow \;\;\;\;\;\; \;+\; ^{38}_{20} Ca$

A. $^1 p$

B. $^1 n$

C. $^2 H$

D. $^3 H$

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30#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

Complete the following nuclear reakbr,8ud;x4c zction: $^3_1 H \;+\; ^3_1 H \rightarrow \;\;\;\;\;\; \;+\; ^4_2 He$

A. 2($^1 p$)

B. 2($^1 n$)

C. $^2 H$

D. $^3 H$

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31#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

Complete the following nuclear resv34/albj;s.a+ s vmv-qse.maction: $^{27}_{13} Al (\alpha, n)$ produces

A. $^{28} P$

B. $^{29} P$

C. $^{30} P$

D. $^{31} P$

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32#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

The Q value for a particular reaction is -2.4 MeV, and the reaction's thres *b6 smypl:n4whold energy is 9.60 MeV. What is the ratio of the mass of the incident particle to the mass of the stationary pm6 b*lws :yn4target nucleus?

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33#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

Find the Q value of the following reaction:y /lr*wj4mt2 u $^{14}_7 N \;+\; ^4_2 He \rightarrow ^{17}_8 O \;+\; ^1_1 H$
The isotopic mass for $^{14}_7 N$ is $14.003074 u$
The isotopic mass for $^4_2 He$ is $4.002603 u$
The isotopic mass for $^{17}_8 O$ is $16,999131 u$
The isotopic mass for $^1_1 H$ is $1.007825 u$

A. -0.001279 u

B. -0.002179 u

C. -0.007219 u

D. -.0.009721 u

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34#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

Find the Q value of the following zm,6b*ki/ pag g1.ws)n nlw )creaction: $^{14}_7 N \;+\; ^4_2 He \rightarrow ^{17}_8 O \;+\; ^1_1 H$
The isotopic mass for $^{14}_7 N$ is $14.003074 u$
The isotopic mass for $^4_2 He$ is $4.002603 u$
The isotopic mass for $^{17}_8 O$ is $16,999131 u$
The isotopic mass for $^1_1 H$ is $1.007825 u$

A. $1.191 \; MeV$

B. $-1.191 \; MeV$

C. $1.279 \times 10^{-3} \; MeV$

D. $-1.279 \times 10^{-3} \; MeV$

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35#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

What is the Q value for the jhbwv.s;..o xc -,cv nfollowing reaction? $^{7} Li \;+\; ^1 p \rightarrow ^4 He \;+\; ^4 He$
The isotopic mass for $^7 Li$ is $7.016005 u$
The isotopic mass for $^1 p$ is $1.007825 u$
The isotopic mass for $^4 He$ is $4.002603 u$

A. $13.57 \; MeV$

B. $15.37 \; MeV$

C. $17.35 \; MeV$

D. $17.53 \; MeV$

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36#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

What is the energy of reaction of th(rrkxxy2fm 2 lq4-zv) e process $^9_4 Be \;(\alpha, n)\; ^{12}_6 C$?

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37#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

What is the energy relm4fpc rf..9*ui1use s eased (positive) or absorbed (negative) in the following reaction? *f uu9si.e f1pm4 .scr$^3 H \;+\; ^3 H = ^4 He \;+\; 2(^1 n)$
The isotopic mass for $^3H$ is 3.016049 u
The isotopic mass for $^4He$ is 4.002603 u
The isotopic mass for $^1n$ is 1.008665 u

A. $0.0122 \; MeV$

B. $-0.0122 \; MeV$

C. $11.3 \; MeV$

D. $-11.3\; MeV$

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38#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

An X-ray technician takes an average of ten X-rays per0 bsy.0poe -jo day and receives 2.5 mrad per X-ray. What is the total dose the tebs- j0py.oo 0echnician receives in 250 working days?

A. $2.50 \; rem$

B. $5.00 \; rem$

C. $6.25 \; rem$

D. $7.75 \; rem$

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