Which of Newton's laws best explains why motjrauk)y b v. h.a7f.p)orists should buckle-up?

  When you sit on a chair, the resewmroi9 qxv* r0--zz7ultant force on you is

  In the absence of an externu* cru)a,:ct orn*t v9al force, a moving object will

  When the rocket engine.n 8wxag ayfkr(th+fifxc4 t+ q75n )5s on the starship NO-PAIN-NO-GAIN are suddenly turned off, while traveling in empty space, the starship wi) a4fhqyna8t7r 5ifwt+nxg+(cxk .5fll

  A rocket moves through empty space in a straight line with constant speed. 9k,6tdf1rq z r d*fch q5g6qd3It is far from the gravitational effect of any star or planet. Under these conditions, the force that m6,dctdg3dqh* f169 fzqr5k qr ust be applied to the rocket in order to sustain its motion is

  You are standing in a moving 3zhbs+-bdn6 u+,vjqfbus, facing forward, and you suddenly fall forward. You can imply f3djz 6,s +uvb-hn+q fbrom this that the bus's

  You are standing in a moving,bn 9a o.*khv*ppdh:p bus, facing forward, and you suddenly fall forward as the bus comes to an immediat*d 9hno:a pbkp.,*pvhe stop. What force caused you to fall forward?

  A constant net force acts(/i h,dsp r0h8bfqe-q on an object. Describe the motion of the object.

  The acceleration of an object is ae(yuvz-yh12 inversely proportional to

  A net force F accelerates a mass m with an acceleration a. If the same net pt3(r(kx ws j5force is applied to mass 2m, then the acceleration wp5s3jr (k(xt will be

  A net force F acts on a mass m and produces an accelerat5 wq9m n5 a9mo3/ug8and7pddb l2 3qfxion a. What acceleration results if a net force 2F acts on mass a d3upd n597mqaxfdom8l5/gn 9bw2 q34m?

  If you blow up a balloon, and then release it, the balloon ai w( *t gdk2va4ssy94will fly away. This is an illustration ofdwka4yg is* t(42sv9a

  Two cars collide head-on. At every m;p1u uu,b b *s2 dmgonw+np3d.oment during the collision, the magnitude of the force the first car exerts on the second is exactly equamun*2ou, d+bswp1 3p.dbg n;u l to the magnitude of the force the second car exerts on the first. This is an example of

  If you exert a force F on an object, the force whicv9l4tk,x 4 dj+m4kbotddov2 - h the object exerts on you will9 2 mo4 klt-dt4obvxk+4d,jv d

  Action-reaction forces g(ora;k:2:f rlu)pkb

  Action-reaction forcea-qr4 6.9qt n4jmecdms are

  A 20-ton truck collides with a 1500-lb cx +cgr j5:quk*d)x ,i m9z-+xsj(iqiv ar and causes a lot of damage to the car. Since a lot of damage is donqgxq)(zrj+mij x95 ,c xidkusv*+i- :e on the car

  An object of mass m sits oh6t d)eu;w kl)n a flat table. The Earth pulls on this object with force mg, which we will call the action force. What is the reeh6du ;w t))klaction force?

  A child's toy is suspended from the ceiling by meaazf y8 msy x0v;r/y*/zns of a string. The Earth pulls downward on the toy with its weight force of 8.0 N. If this is the "action force," what is the* y/fayr;ym/s8xz0z v "reaction force"?

  Your bat hits the ball pitched to you with a 1500-N instantaneous force. The bvu0 1dh4s nst.all hits the bat with an instantaneous force, whose t 1vnsus40h. dmagnitude is

State Newton's three lawcuvue x7dp-qy) e45,ws.

  Mass and weight

  The acceleration due to gravg(p 71i-hz j);ncwvxw ity is lower on the Moon than on Earth. Which of the following is true) iwwp1jcv(;7-g xznh about the mass and weight of an astronaut on the Moon's surface, compared to Earth?

  An example of a force which acf ,4igylm2fc0 :c6gj lts at a distance is

  Who has a greater weight to mass ratio, a pn/d7kms -:kzc 88iazgerson weighing 400 N or a person weighing 68zs 7ndc -i8/ a:gmkzk00 N?

  A stone is thrown straight up. At the top of its/5 r(dw5vof doq l0(kni,rznr u10w7b path, the net force acting on i0rdw/fzrq5n7( n5 o k10rvbo(wld i u,t is

  A 20-N weight and a 5.0-N weight are drotj8o:ia/zo :upped simultaneously from the same height. Ignore air resistance. Compare :z:io8ut ajo/ their accelerations.

  A brick and a feather fall to the earth at thxy40+mr20ikdkpjt3h3p ya tp r8*c o1eir respective terminal velocities. 80y2ta3 ypc dp3+ tkjkrxp *410mrohi Which object experiences the greater force of air friction?

  An object of mass m is hangdsy as9 7xmc46qha9y;k0 t(uxvefq5 -ing by a string from the ceiling of an elevator. The elevator is moving up at constant speed. What is the ead9(yh5 sk0s-97u4 qf;a6xvc mqxty tension in the string?

  An object of mass m is hanging by a string from the ceiling of an elevx(o- (ieddhe c8 qu*,uator. The elevator is moving upward, but slowing down. What is the tensd-ee(h,oucq8*i ( xud ion in the string?

  The force that keeps you fro8fpqbej.gio). ;t)lsm sliding on an icy sidewalk is

  It's more difficult to start mov52g kk31md 0 i.sbmnkokw7ct*h 91f uns*uf q+ing a heavy carton from rest than it is to keep pushing it with c+*k fk tmdnu.shumi9ok013 1n2f cs*qw5kg 7bonstant velocity, because

  A horizontal force accelerates a bjv,wh+rs:x6j ssx ;ey6.,ab uox from rest across a horizontal surface (friction is present) at a constant rate. The experiment is repeated, and all conditions remain the same with the exception that the horizontal force is doubled. ab+rxjy;. wshux6,ss6,: v jeWhat happens to the box's acceleration?

  A packing crate slides down a(m;/qfjpitz4 c+ w lm+n inclined ramp at constant velocity. Thus we can deduce ;mtp( +q l4ifm+ wjc/zthat

  A block of mass M slides down a frictionless plane incfz77;m0u6tij16 :ehmppya iqy5;fcxk ft (l:lined at an angle q with the horizontal. The no :pt;eytkify ;icumq6 (6z 1alp7jh5m:0x7f frmal reaction force exerted by the plane on the block is

  A block of mass M slidesb3no.dzqk6ozq(qk 5( down a frictionless plane inclined at an angle q with the horizontal. The normal reaction force exerted by the plane ood.zzk(3nq( 5o 6kbq qn the block is directed

  A block of mass M slides down a frictionless plane inclined at an angle q e9svu2vw0(ok3pj y y4 with the hore9p wvs0 v2 yu43jkoy(izontal. The gravitational force is directed

  Two toy cars (16 kg and 2.0 kg) are released si- kr4cj,2g 0 om-lhpx*s:fxfqmultaneously on an inclined plane that makes an anglehfk sqm-lo:r 4*xxp2-g, 0cjf of 30e with the horizontal. Make a statement which best describes their acceleration after being released.

  An object sits on a frictio+4p ,vdu qq nh1/sw3vsnless surface. A 16-N force is applied to the object, and it accqpqn1w, v+3s dv/4s uhelerates at $2.0 \; m/s^2$. What is the mass of the object?

  A sports car of mass 1000 kg naxi/s-qw +q 0 ( uqk9bq 2vtv:q5vky,can accelerate from rest to 27 m/s in 7.0 s. What is the averaia+u wvk5 :q-2qxqns(9kvt,vq /yq0bge forward force on the car?

  Starting from rest, a 4.0-kg body reaches a speed of 8.0 m/s in 2vc b.5*- enk2x.rbhgn .0 s. What is the net force acting on the bodyb -.v2ng k5hec. nx*br?

  An antitank weapon fires a 3.00-kg rocket which acquir ww8 voa4/scnkli *u) gb w.w,;dmr*0des a speed of 50.0 m/s after traveli*k;.m4/,bald )w r g8vds*n0cuiwoww ng
90.0 cm down a launching tube. Assuming the rocket was accelerated uniformly, what is the average force acted on it?

  If you push a 4.0-kg mass wigihdu;ate7x -t)hy 88th the same force that you push a 10-kg mass from re)iehad8xh ;8 g -y7uttst,

  What is the mass of a person who weixa9t /igf0osknkf 295ghs 110 lb?

  What is the mass of an object that weighs 250 N on n. m aiwjf5z1+the surface of the Earth where the acceleration due 5+ fwn zim1aj.to gravity is $9.80 \; m/s^2$?

  An object has a mass of 60 kg on th0t5 6.nggsb1 cwd tfj) ri7umw n-d4x*e Earth. What is the mass of the object on the surface of the Moon where the accelg-bw 1f i * cn nrtwtsg.d)m4d5xuj706eration due to gravity is only 1/6 of that on the Earth?

  Object A weighs 40 N on Earth, and 7q,k9 a a)gsjnup.zb8 object B weighs 40 N on the Moon. The Moon's gravity is one sixth of Earth's. Compare the masses of the objectsk )9azs,a pb7g 8qujn..

  Sue and Sean are havm-1olr3 -d20bdqqe bnx tzk( ,ing a tug-of-war by pulling on opposite ends of a 5.0-kg rope. Sue pulls with - 0bqod1e 3krbn l-( m2dt,xzqa 15-N force. What is Sean's force if the rope accelerates toward Sue at $2.0 \; m/s^2$?

  A stack of books restag4p,4dkvk )as on a level frictionless surface. A force F acts on the stack, and it ac gkdp) aa,k44vcelerates at $3.0 \; m/s^2$. A 1.0 kg book is then added to the stack. The same force is applied, and now the stack accelerates at $2.0 \; m/s^2$. What was the mass of the original stack?

  A person of weight 480 N so2cn2b l+ 4 uceoa4p1dtands on a scale in an elevator. What will the scale be reading when the elevator is aln+4b1 4a2e2 cpo udcoccelerating downward at $4.00 \; m/s^2$?

  A person on a scale rides in an elevator. If ths x9(s,.ydz1,n4ln tx bk rp5ie mass of the person is 60.0 kg and the elevato 4rx(n sixb 1l5dn kpy9zs.t,,r accelerates downward with an acceleration of $4.90 \; m/s^2$, what is the reading on the scale?

  A person on a scale rides in an elevator. If the mass of the perw+(ogbw4raysztz ,adgv+ + ba2 9le 4(son is 60.0 kg and theaa g49+oww( 4e, zd( l++sgbt2yrazbv elevator accelerates upward with an acceleration of $4.90 \; m/s^2$, what is the reading on the scale?

  Two horizontal forces act on a 5ro0a4dj47 h vf n,z/ev.0-kg mass. One force has a magnitude of 8.0 N andhvaoznvd e7fj/, 40 r4 is directed due north. The second force toward the east has a magnitude of 6.0 N. What is the acceleration of the mass?

  An object of mass 6000 kg rests on the flatbed of a tr.cl u 91vshtu(ppe/6 8amap,cuck. It is held in place by metal bh vu ca/ c(t8pas9p,pe.l61m urackets that can exert a maximum horizontal force of 9000 N. When the truck is traveling 15 m/s, what is the minimum stopping distance if the load is not to slide forward into the cab?

  An object of mass 6000 kg mstmyo6 9af 74.9c va xcox:lpliq5: 5rests on the flatbed of a truck. It is held in place by metal brackets that can exert a maximum horizontal force of 9000 N. When the truck is traveling 15 m/s, what is the lapxi7m59.4f:ls6oc5xo vmc9 a : qty minimum stopping time if the load is not to slide forward into the cab?

  In the Atwood machine shown in Fig. 4-1, if M = 0.60 kg and m = 0.40 kg, whascvu , +rt5p-w+goe j0t is the magnitude of the acceleration of the system? (Ignore frico 5jsctvw+r0g- ue p,+tion and the mass of the pulley.)

  In the Atwood machine shown in Fig. 4-1, if M = 0.60 kg and m = 0.40 kg, wh9j)u-e,27utxy wwl bt at is the tension in the string? (Ignore friction and theew w2,txj u7b-l) 9uty mass of the pulley.)

  A student pulls a box of books on a smooth horizontal floor with a forcg46kaow3 x2v re of 100 N in kw g 3x264rvaoa direction of $37^{\circ}$ above the horizontal. If the mass of the box and the books is 40.0 kg, what is the acceleration of the box?

  A student pulls a box of books on a smooth horizontal floor with a fo(r2rui.r3mv ;*- m uka0xxgzwrce of 100 N in a direction of 37.0e above the horizontal. If the mass of the box and the books is 40.0 kg,;m*iz(aku30 2mr vg rurx w.-x what is the normal force on the box?

  A traffic light of weight 100 N is supported by two ropes as shown jgi;4p bd b0 zzw(-ac5 zoqhw3ft3v85in Fig. 4-2. What areti8;3 o4 hzj 5w35wz pb 0vdcqabz(gf- the tensions in the ropes?

  In Fig. 4-2, if the tensions in the ropes are 50 N, what*nc ba gn e4l8:o-/ypf is the mass of the trafcf84np*gl :aey b /o-nfic light?

  Two boxes of masses m and 2m are in contact with each other on 6jg d*ega lx2wd k(4*za frictionless surface. (See Fig. 4-3.) What is the acceleration of the more massive box?dj*e*agz w42k6 d (gxl

  Two boxes of masses m and 2m are in cz8 ) v7zpiy1w bl4ag zgm9w43,5hllwp ontact with each other on a frictionless suwmb,w4lg4z71 zzh8lal y5) wi9 p3gvprface. (See Fig. 4-3.) What is the net force on the more massive box?

  Two boxes of masses m and 2m are connected by ydp+xa;4tv x2rs3( oxa rope. (See Fig. 4-4.) If the forward force on the more massive box is F, what is the tension in the connptxsa+o2yx 3 r xv(d4;ecting rope?

  Two boxes of masses m and 2m are connected by a rope. (See Fig. 4-4.)w+6qjje3q2s57yd xau If the forward force on the more massive37qw yx56+a2 ujdjsqe box is F, what is the acceleration of the less massive box?

Two boxes are connected by a cord running over logx )uheg6j2fl29+ qa pulley as shown in Fig. 4-5. B q o +)ljl9hg2fgx2e6uox I of mass
8.0 kg rest on the top of the table; the coefficient of kinetic friction between box I and the table is 0.10. Box II has a mass of 15.0 kg.
(a) Draw the free-body diagrams for the two boxes, identifying all of the forces acting on each of the masses.
(b) Calculate the acceleration of the system.
(c) Calculate the tension in the cord.

  The coefficient of static and kinetic frictions between a 3.0fxq .p9,wt;lthb/d; a-kg box and a desk are 0.40 and 0.30, respecwath/l,q .f;bp dxt9 ;tively. What is the net force on the box when a 15 N horizontal force is applied to the box?

  The coefficients of static and q8 hafw -qi-qc z.c2nf)q r.7nkinetic frictions for plastic on wood are 0.50 andwfh q7-nfiq .)-2n czc arq.8q 0.40,
respectively. How much horizontal force would you need to apply to a 3.0 N plastic calculator to start it moving from rest?

  An object slides on a level surface in the +x direction. It ,k x/66fw nw5 m mk5x,qn-kbydslows and comes to a stop with a b6kkmkmf/xw d6 5-w,q,y5nxnconstant acceleration of -$2.45 \; m/s^2$. What is the coefficient of kinetic friction between the object and the floor?

  A 10-kg box sitting oz.k +1lckk q66, dahaun a horizontal surface is pulled by a 5.0-N force. A 3.0-N friction l61d kq+,kauh.ac6 kz force retards the motion. What is the acceleration of the object?

  A horizontal force of 5.0ebgm4 sm* .ic52t;cjg N accelerates a 4.0-kg mass, from rest, at a rate of $0.50 \; m/s^2$ in the positive direction. What friction force acts on the mass?

  During a hockey game, a puck is given an initial speed of 10 m/s. alt,myp6c7o (kcs3v.e 3h/ rs It slides 50 m on the ice before it stor kmthe,3.vsplya co 6/3 7(scps. What is the coefficient of kinetic friction between the puck and the ice?

  During the investigation of a traffic accidentc9s wur6(ou.bau *iw,l ;okt ., police find skid marks 90.0 m long. They determine the coefficient of friction between the cu; *t..sb(uol6 ,uowr cki9a war's tires and the roadway to be 0.500 for the prevailing conditions. Estimate the speed of the car when the brakes were applied.

  Two boxes of masses m and sf/zvahym. x jn3 r3uux wl)w u 90*lu4zv(.n/3m are stacked. (See Fig. 4-6.) The surface between the more massive box and the horizontal surface is smooth and the surface between the boxes is rough. If the less massive box does not slide on the more massive box, what is the stativu.xf ly 0nruwa/hm lzuvz 3.wx*u)(4/n9 3jsc friction force on the less massive box?

  Two boxes of masses m and 3m are stacked. (See Fig*-iw v:mgrx-h 2nw:g x. 4-6.) The surface between the more massive box and the horizontal surface is smooth and the surface between the boxes is rough.i-:x2 :v-mw x *ggrnhw If the less massive box does not slide on the more massive box, what is the coefficient of static friction between the boxes?

  An object is on a frictio6k v-+i .b9b cioqxe 0o0smr+knless inclined plane. The plane is inclined at an angle of . oq6k0ebm cko9xvi0++-irs b$30^{\circ}$ with the horizontal. What is the object's acceleration?

  A 10-kg mass slides down a flat hill that makes an angelpud ;fho m*3(i mtc( ff4e.;le of $10^{\circ}$ with the horizontal. If friction is negligible, what is the resultant force on the sled?

  A mass is placed on a smooth inclined plane with yf9yls hp ;m9zae3j65an angle of $37^{\circ}$ to the horizontal. If the inclined plane is 5.0-m long, how long does it take for the mass to reach the bottom of the inclined plane after it is released from rest?

A block lies on a smooth incc *oiz62q2tfy):q nhnlined plane tilted at an angle of $35^{\circ}$ to the horizontal.
(a) Draw the free-body diagram for the block.
(b) Determine the block's acceleration as it slides down the inclined plane.
(c) If the block started from rest 8.5 m up the incline from its base, determine the block's speed when it reaches the bottom of the incline.
(d) How long did it take the block to reach the bottom of the inclined plane?

  A wooden block slides directly down7c ki7al*q s6gt :uiechw:).g an inclined plane, at a constant velocity of 6.0 m/s.i*:c 7sqc .uehga gt6i7k ):lw
What is the coefficient of kinetic friction, if the plane makes an angle of $25^{\circ}$ with the horizontal?

  An object with a mass m slides down a w 97vkeoq 7:worough $37^{\circ}$ inclined plane where the coefficient of kinetic friction is 0.20. What is the acceleration of the object?

  An object with a mass m slid 0;0uypyytx/r es down a rough $37^{\circ}$ inclined plane where the coefficient of kinetic friction is 0.20. If the plane is 10 m long and the mass starts from rest, what will be its speed at the bottom of the plane?

  A bulldozer drags a log weighing 500 N along a rough surnby f /lwm..6zface. The cable attached to the log makes an angle of6yw . /nzmf.lb $30.0^{\circ}$ with the ground. The coefficient of static friction between the log and the ground is 0.500. What minimum tension is required in the cable in order for the log to begin to move?

A 25.0-kg box is released from rest on a rough inclined plane7t oc o-zs:dbh t 6ay9-gsy/6d tilted at an angle ofycbs69t g6st/ : a -dz7oyh-do $33.5^{\circ}$ to the horizontal. The coefficient of kinetic friction between the box and the inclined plane is 0.200.
(a) Draw the free-body diagram for the box.
(b) Determine the force of kinetic friction acting on the box.
(c) Determine the acceleration of the box as it slides down the inclined plane.

  An object is placed on an inclfa(7 5ucug b/e i9u5el7ssz(m ined plane. The angle of incline is gradually increasede(cs5uuez5fa7l9 g i s/u7m( b until the object begins to slide. The angle at which this occurs is q. What is the coefficient of static friction between the object and the plane?