The three common phases of m;r k)vavqwe 4jk8 jj3jcs3a,0atter are

  Density is

  Substance A has a density of 51 s: hcb5: qv-kbscrt$3.0 \; g/cm^{3}$ and substance B has a density of $4.0 \; g/cm^{3}$. In order to obtain equal masses of these two substances, the ratio of the volume of A to the volume of B will be equal to

  Pressure is

  Which of the following is x75fjs; (my*zjchh 8 anot a unit of pressure?

  Consider three drinking w s.akh/v z9hn4t(j8wldj:(j glasses. All three have the same area base, and all three are filled l v4n9(tk(asj.j :hzh/w wd8jto the same depth with water. Glass A is cylindrical. Glass B is wider at the top than at the bottom, and so holds more water than A. Glass C is narrower at the top than at the bottom, and so holds less water than A. Which glass has the greatest liquid pressure at the bottom?

  What is the difference between fp 1 f5sxues,0aisje9 kb 260kthe pressures inside and outside a tire called?

  When atmospheric pressure changes, what happens to the 3 r luyma32ed5absolute pressure at the bottole5 du2a3ry m3m of a pool?

  You are originally 1.0 m beneath the surface of .yq49lfa w4rl a pool. If you dive to 2.0 m beneath the surfa allqyr494f w.ce, what happens to the absolute pressure on you?

State Pascal's principy9g*h0k/f s59 ucfptlle.

State Archimedes' principlbpeq4c+x8g c *lg82yke.

  $50 \; cm^{3}$ of wood is floating on water, and $50 \; cm^{3}$ of iron is totally submerged. Which has the greater buoyant force on it?

  As a rock sinks deeper and deeper into water of constxq0b oh* c.- sk0.dkuxant density, what happens to the buoyant force on x0qk okdcx -.suh0 b.*it?

  Salt water has greater density than fresh water. xrdeu)jdo ;tj sn/-v2cs9 /z+ A boat floats in both fresh water and in salt water. Wherv u ;9scoz /+r2de/s-td)nj xje is the buoyant force greater on the boat?

  Salt water is more dense than fresh water. A ship floats in both f0zx p8ktt x m:ie89:nztvudd 1+,ilk.resh water and salt water. Compared to the fresh water, the volume of water displaced in the0tkv eit tzz:. d+d1u8mnl xi,98:kpx salt water is

  A steel ball sinks in water but floatsb*n; ugy5*sgl in a pool of mercury. Where is the buoyant force on the ball greaters ynu**5lbgg;?

  A 10-kg piece of aluminum luws1bea /t-epyf 2z) * v/w8w; tn0ltsits at the bottom of a lake, right next to a 10-kg piece of lead. Which has the greater buoyant forc- 8n21w)/ wyttf/ *;ev0 b utelwazpsle on it?

  A piece of iron rests on top of a piece of wood floating in a bathcyds(r::xmz0 ; z br)oxkc3/ atub. If the iromxz cr3 d:)y0zkaos(bx /c:;rn is removed from the wood, what happens to the water level in the tub?

  A piece of wood is floating in a bathtub. A second piece of woobf(tsz9:h9 p8 nh*a mn qe:wj:d sits on top of the first piece, and does not touch the water. If the top piece is taken off and placed i9* w jhh(a:p9zen8qmt :fns: bn the water, what happens to the water level in the tub?

  Water flows through a pc) bo ygpcjf6ccq-.3 z k8am9/ipe. The diameter of the pipe at point B is larger than at point A. Where is the specaj-69ccmzfg8 ybokc /q3p).ed of the water greater?

  An ideal fluid flows at 12 m/s in a horio0cp .g.76avbbj vkjm94zw7a zontal pipe. If the pipe widens to twice its original 0vba.pjw v 7b69o4majk.g z7cradius, what is the flow speed in the wider section?

  An ideal fluid flows at 12 m/s iuphh9vz4k67/+ ,a(uio w fuis lfr-z0n a horizontal pipe. If the pipe narrows to half its original radius, what is the flow speed in the narroh sa/puli, uukrz76 iw 4+9vz-hfo(f0wer section?

State Bernoulli's principle.t w0 jy2-l1hr)eabgs/

  Which one of the following is associated with the law of conservqwx;kqg.a+ y vh(sqy26l0 n c4ation of energy inn.0 ;wqs24qlvycq yxa g (6kh+ fluids?

  As the speed of a moving flui 5ycrspye+w(c;*tx: xd increases, the pressure in the fluid

  Water flows through a pipe. The diameter of the pipe at ;k bleae0y6 yhk0s6y4 point B is larger than at point A. Wk0yb 4hy6k;0se yea6lhere is the water pressure greatest?

  When you blow some air above a paper strip, the papeds m.4r 1nq *nrgvwd*,r rises. This is because

  A sky diver falls through the aiz 74h*c1zk (po3x jqllf a-7th/ym 7awr at terminal velocity. The force of air resistanlowk z41j z-l( q 7at*hmcp7y7/f3xahce on him is

  Two Styrofoam balls, of radii R and 2R, are released simulta*g 6ydnur. pk (h5gc/lneously from a tall tower. Which will reach th hp5k(c ylugn6gr*d./e ground first?

  When a small spherical rock of radius r falls thr.epr+g m)2whf8 1m-yt(bdv papk u :h3ough water, it experiences a drag p): gt83.- (1ufkwb2hyvarh mm pe+ pdforce $F=arv$, where $v$ is its velocity and $a$ is a constant proportional to the viscosity of water. From this, one can deduce that if a rock of diameter 2.0 mm falls with terminal velocity, $v$, then a rock of diameter 4.0 mm will fall with terminal velocity .

  Which has the greatest effect on the flow of fluid through a narrow:vw t/3z( x7k,0qgynmpee7vx uce7 k* pipe? That is, if you made a 10% change in each of the quantities below, which wo kt w cemyze77 n7v*(v e/u:xkp,xq03guld cause the greatest change in the flow rate?

  Two horizontal pipes are the same length,5xkr 4wcy;r7 e but pipe B has twice the diameter of pipe A. Water undergoes viscous flow in both pipes, subject to the same pressure difference across the lengths of thekrw;crx 457ey pipes. If the flow rate in pipe A is Q, what is the flow rate in pipe B?

  Two horizontal pipes have the same diame v90kacl;z6g eter, but pipe B is twice as long as pipe A. Water undergoes viscous flow in both pipes, subject to the same preszec;l 0gak v96sure difference across the lengths of the pipes. If the flow rate in pipe B is Q, what is the flow rate in pipe A?

  When soup gets cold, it ofx jcv9sg3w5a6lf:t p)ten tastes greasy. This "greasy" taste seems to be associated with oil spreading out all over the surface tv)wal6:g9 53 spxc fjof the soup, instead of staying in little globules. To us "physikers", this is readily explained in terms of

  When a tube of diameter d is placed in water, the watmjw8xd/cu30 ser rises to a height h. If the diame3d0 uxmjc8 w/ster were half as great, how high would the water rise?

  Certain insects, such as the water bug, are sufficiently lightweight that thekqztoix k+.;f/r7q o/y can run on top of water without br7ozo x/.i/qqkt+k ;freaking the surface tension. Water bug A has weight W. Water bug B is twice as big as bug A, in all dimensions. That is, bug B is twice as long, twice as wide, etc. What is the weight of bug B?

  Certain insects, such as the water bug, are sufficievj;5)fsdgp: jntly lightweight that they can run on top of water without breaking the surface tension. This is possible because the water, due to surface tension, exerts an upward force on the bottom of the bug's feet. Suppose that the maximum possible upward force on the feet of water bug A is F. Now suppose that water bug B is twice as big as bug A in every dimension. Thapdv j:jg);f s5t is, bug B is twice as long, twice as wide, etc. What is the maximum upward force on the feet of bug B?

  A plastic block of dimensions 2.00 cm x 3.00 cm x 4.00 cm has -ef ,1pk2efqb a mass of 30.0 g. Wh- bf e,fpe21kqat is its density?

  A liquid has a specific +s lj2*bf.pw cl6ft:ygravity of 0.357. What is its density?

  A brick weighs 50.0 N, and measures 30.0 cm x 2tr;+cwen 1f it in3u*3pry7g 10.0 cm x 4.00 cm. What is the maximum pressure it can exert on a horizontal surettr71*p+y ;fcui3i32 n wngrface?

  A person weighing 900 N is sta th-1rw 63t3use hm*gi ngl7j/nding on snowshoes. Each snowshoe has area $2500 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure on the snow?

  How much pressure (absolute) must a submarine withstanp)fs*m4b4kejtyo n f*2 s++ omd at a depth of 120.0 m in the ocean?4+p *2emknb4tf+s*mjsyo o f)

  A circular window of 30 cm diameterb-mz r8p mj9:t in a submarine can withstand a maximum force8m -rbmz9 j:tp of $5.20 \times 10^{5} \; N$. What is the maximum depth in a lake to which the submarine can go without damaging the window?

  What is the gauge pressure if the absolute pressure is 300 ;wn.f bc:fh do 6z4gz0kPa?

  What is the gauge pressure yigbh4j h7c xe)8/.bwb rq+6k at a location 15.0 m below the surface of sea? (The density of seawater jir+. 7/y bhq b6ew4cxbk)gh8 is $1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  What is the absolute pressure at a location 15.0 m b tchcck c-wr2,,mu)/ uelow the surface of sea? (The density of seawater c 2c umwu/,)-hcrkct ,is $1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  A 500-N weight sits on the small piston of a hydr ;qs,b(* o80xpmk inxdd/)n soa nh5m3aulic machine. The small piston has x)nqom(dks n038a po*b ;, dsm/n5 ihxarea $2.0 \; cm^{2}$. If the large piston has area $40 \; cm^{2}$, how much weight can the large piston support?

  In a hydraulic garage lift,3 8.r 5iml83l*jfsrg g pvxu5 x3j0pvx the small piston has a radius of 5.0 cm and the large piston has a radius of 15 cm. What force must be applied on the smallvlr8gxr fp*5gl u.m53 3jx0p8ij3x sv piston in order to lift a car weighing 20,000 N on the large piston?

  A 13,000 N vehicle is to be lifted by a 25 cm diameter hydraulicm9.uzd ( qyi9j24m t3dvwfz5 c piston. What force needs to be applied to a 5.0 cm diameter piston to accomplish 99c m3wqzdmd( j vz4f.2t 5yuithis?

  The small piston of a hydraulic lift has a diameter of msh:zewk2)j o .3n0up f 7fvc*8.0 cm, and its large piston has a diameter of 40 cm. The lift 7fj):2m onfu*.s 0 pkvwz 3cehraises a load of 15,000 N.
(a) Determine the force that must be applied to the small piston    $N$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the pressure applied to the fluid in the lift    $\times 10^5 \; Pa$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A block of metal weighsac hk7q 4(f0tn 40 N in air and 30 N in water. What is the buoyant force ofkhn (cf4 a7q0t the water?

  An object has a volumkr ulf3 ( dv+fei-3a,k,u71 yd wmiqn-e of $4.0 \; m^{3}$ and weighs 40,000 N. What will its weight be in water?

  A 4.00-kg cylinder of solid iron is supported by a string whpn:m0d yxhf2 e p ;pqz;.+m5kyile submerged in water. What is the tension in the strinf02.ppey:zk5;p mx ;+y dmq hng? (The specific gravity of iron is 7.86.)

  If the density of gold isi(6xziti1/j d $19.3 \times 10^3 kg/m^{3}$, what buoyant force does a 0.60-kg gold crown experience when it is immersed in water?

  A crane lifts a steel submarine (density )2mlwksley /r5)dcr(nj 6+p y = $7.8 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$) of mass 20,000 kg. What is the tension in the lifting cable (1) when the submarine is submerged, and (2) when it is entirely out of the water?

  An object weighs 7.84 N when it is in air and 6.86 N when it is immersed in ud b1f ae4ceu1y5yj z7+. x7srwatexcfbsy1 y.eju17+u7z aer4 5dr. What is the specific gravity of the object?

  A container of water is placed on a//vcl9pufw*b pqv6 xp+ d* +zu scale, and the scale reads 120 g. Now a 20-g piece of copper (specific gravity = 8.9) is suspended from a thread and lowered into th*wv+pbufuzp 96/p ql /cxdv +*e water, not touching
the bottom of the container. What will the scale now read?

  A piece of aluminum with a mass of 1.; zuczn.albszp n77)y;h.0o4,e og m f0 kg and density of $2700 \; kg/m^{3}$ is suspended from a string and then completely immersed in a container of water. The density of water is $1000 \; kg/m^{3}$.
(a) Determine the volume of the piece of aluminum    $\times 10^{-4} \; m^3$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the tension in the string after the metal is immersed in the container of water $N$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A cylindrical rod of length 12 cm and diameter 2.0 cm will j0.xczabj ag +;jk.fz w1s;hf ;ust barely float in water. What is i.aj0xkgsfb;zjfc w a;h+.1z;ts mass?

  A rectangular box of negligible mass measures 5.0 m long, 1.0 m wide, and 0.50p4 +/miypwj 8y m high. How many kilograms of mass can ypw +/yijm84p be loaded onto the box before it sinks in a lake?

  A $1.0 m^{3}$ object floats in water with 20% of it above the waterline. What does the object weigh out of the water?

  An object floats with half its volume beneath the surfayg4pezi*k2*p ce of the water. The weight of the displaced water is 2000 N. What is the weig4**z2 gei yppkht of the object?

  A solid object floats in water with three-fourths of its volume beneath gizk+a3; l) 4ouzm* :vy*dqjnthe surface. What zv):*un3jy zg*4ak ;omdl qi+is the object's density?

  A 200-N object floats with three-fourths of its volume ben/( kqo/:kyo sneath the surface of the water. What is the buoyant force on the objecok/yo( kq s/:nt?

  A polar bear of mass 200 kg stands on an ice floe 100 cm thick. a4 + mjr g2+r nl*uzd)xvtu,,y What is the minimum area of the floe that will just support the bear in saltwater of specific gravity 1.03? The specific gravity of ice x nl,2 yu*+mrt duzv)rajg4,+ is 0.98.

  Liquid flows through a pipe of diameter 3.0 cm at 2.0 m/s. Find eb4(n r4x,1*ztl bzwkthe flow rate.

  Liquid flows through a 4.0 cm diameter pipe at 1.0 m/s. There is a 2.0 cwzq.ry o6ctk mr7.1;cm diameter restriytqcc r.m7;z ro61 k.wction in the line. What is the velocity in this restriction?

  Water flows at 12 m/s in a horizontx87kz s3:jlu x 75yalbal pipe with a pressure of $3.0 \times 10^4 \; N/m^2$. If the pipe widens to twice its original radius, what is the pressure in the wider section?

  How much pressure does it take for a pump to supply a drinking foui kf ziog6lus5y a:1a - 2gv/y.7bek,mntain with 300 k/kia5bzk gm l f oeys -y.26,agi7v1u:Pa, if the fountain is 30.0 m above the pump?

  A hole of radius 1.0 mm occurs in the bottom of a water storagm9y.5e sc dj0cex f/q)z+8yuhe tank that holds water at a depth of 15 m. At what rate wm0chzj8qesu ) xe/dyc+y f .95ill water flow out of the hole?

  Water flows through a horizontal pipe4hklus a* 7l c1yr4m*6yf*mxv of cross-sectional area $10.0 \; cm^{2}$ at a pressure of 0.250 atm. The flow rate is $1.00 \times 10^{-3} \; m^{3}/s$. At a valve, the effective cross-sectional area of the pipe is reduced to $5.00 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure at the valve?

  SAE No. 10 oil has a viscosity of r g h 6etd:/j)cx0bl,l4s 5lan0.20 Pa-s. How long would it take to pour 4.0 L of oil through a funnel with a neck 15 cm long and 2.0 cm in diameter? Assume the surface of the oil is kept 6 cm above the top of the neck, and neglect any dtx5den rsl ,:)6l 0gjbch/l4a rag effects due to the upper part of the funnel.

  Suppose that the build-up of fatty tissue on the wall of ppt; 7j+*eiji an artery decreased the radius by 10%. By how much would the pressure provided by the heart have to b*7p;jjiti p e+e increased to maintain a constant blood flow?

  Two narrow tubes are ws3y.r7bjhl:kjpz8 6wy l 6u f7gyg*+placed in a pan of water. Tube A has twice the diameter of tube B. If water rises 24 cm in tube A,kj*w fs wl+h3lyr:86gyyp z6gu77 jb. how high will it rise in tube B?

  The surface tension of water is 5bf9bwc6h fnpn *8l7oe/vtr3 0.073 N/m. How high will water rise in a capillary tube of diameter etl9p3b6/8nnbf *7cvf 5who r 1.2 mm?

  232

  To what height would water at 0lw-a98* zicge degree Celsius rise in a glass capillary tube with a diametew- i9l*8gzaecr of
0.50 mm?

  A narrow tube is placed vertically in a pan of wq)bn: /ftz-xh9dbi;wwth b 97ater, and the water rises in the tub7/dqbw-: tzhwtnb)9h fx b;9ie to 4.0 cm above the level of the pan. The surface tension in the liquid is lowered to one-half its original value by the addition of some soap. What happens to the height of the liquid column in the tube?

  Consider a rectangular frame of length 0.120 m and width 0.600 m wit 84ag8wt)u xk(vov )ze8a+ykph a soap film formed within its confined area4u8pzg(a)) t8+kyxwok ea8v v. If the surface tension of soapy water is 0.0260 N/m, how much force does the soap film exert on the 0.600 m side?

  An adjustable rectangular frame has length 12 cm and width 5s u x*m kc*k*p o kb(vl1iv(b*kp9;oj* cm, and is built in such a way that one of the longer sides can be moved with(vubvkb;c p1*k m*k 9(ilk*po *sx*jo out bursting the soap film contained in the frame. Soapy water has surface tension 0.026 N/m. How much work is required to move the adjustable long side so that the frame is 12 cm square?