The three common phaslw 9kp7(xc;p(x( tij ues of matter are

  Density is

  Substance A has a densitj;.dudf +3cvh *y u3( leqw+dny of $3.0 \; g/cm^{3}$ and substance B has a density of $4.0 \; g/cm^{3}$. In order to obtain equal masses of these two substances, the ratio of the volume of A to the volume of B will be equal to

  Pressure is

  Which of the following is not a unit of pressure?a-nhzaaosm -j mxf;/a49q 32k

  Consider three drinking glasses. All three have the same area base, and all r4q1 j6dehzmq8 1tsw :three are filled to the same depth with water. Glass A is cylindrical. Glass B is wider at the top than at the bottom, and so holds more water than A. Glass C is narrower at the top than at the bottom, and so h1rq 14thwmjz8dq e:s6olds less water than A. Which glass has the greatest liquid pressure at the bottom?

  What is the difference between the pressures invs/cho(fnkc gx m1 .z:k2v7e)side and outside a tire called?

  When atmospheric pressure changes, whatc7(oyz1, :k 5 tqssbnb happens to the absolute pressure at the bott ynss7o(5qb b1,ztc :kom of a pool?

  You are originally 1.0 m beneath the surface of a pool. If you dive to 2yr-*s )gog ,swep2wjc 6b- e+h ejc;j:.0 m beneath the surface, what hap gb ;ep)6:cje+ egjcrj--ssoh,w*wy2pens to the absolute pressure on you?

State Pascal's princift;na6iog0)ge,qee yh hdv2p498jbyb* 2:un ple.

State Archimedes' princhopp:c s8hq-4iple.

  $50 \; cm^{3}$ of wood is floating on water, and $50 \; cm^{3}$ of iron is totally submerged. Which has the greater buoyant force on it?

  As a rock sinks deeper and deeper into wate peh4tmdq zl.gv;*)bb (0p)ke r of constant density, what happens to the bue pt4gd; q0bklz(p*v)eh.m) b oyant force on it?

  Salt water has greater density than fresh water. A s29 s0q 4kal1wv(c zosboat floats in both fresh water and in salt water. Where is the buoyv02 cq9 s4asz(1lsokwant force greater on the boat?

  Salt water is more dense than fresh water. A ship floats in both fresh watg)mu 2mi rfk5r80mr3 yer and salt water. Compared to the m3 fr8 gm) m2ki0yr5rufresh water, the volume of water displaced in the salt water is

  A steel ball sinks in water but floats in a pool of mercury. Where is .o xhr.;hai6 t:ku.pcthe buoyant force on the ball greater?o.p.k;cx h.h:t6 iaur

  A 10-kg piece of aluminum sits at the bottom of a lake,k8e 0a6ba. xp4wz:ws+jwb) ij right next to a 10-kg piece 8jb +iw:kbs .p46e ajwax zw)0of lead. Which has the greater buoyant force on it?

  A piece of iron rests on top )m.0gzd ff9lce5l ,bqof a piece of wood floating in a bathtub. If the iron is removqcd9)geff.mlzbl , 50ed from the wood, what happens to the water level in the tub?

  A piece of wood is floating in a bathtub. A second piece of wood sitstl m6co cm0.x++h.vhrl) z0st on top of the first piece, and does not touch the water. If the top piece is taken off and placed in the water, what happens to t ml)toc.6v zsh0mtl 0rx.+h c+he water level in the tub?

  Water flows through a pipd fs7vkaqc:a:4 dqe,3e. The diameter of the pipe at point B is larger than aa:cdqqs7 evf, : k4d3at point A. Where is the speed of the water greater?

  An ideal fluid flows at 12 m/s in a horizontal pipe. If the piz.)ky) gtwa wx( he:d7pe widens to twice its7 k(yw xwea.z ht):gd) original radius, what is the flow speed in the wider section?

  An ideal fluid flows at 12 m/s in a horizontal pipe. If the pipe narrows to ha(jzsp2 pe 3z-ulf its original ras-pz2 uejp3(z dius, what is the flow speed in the narrower section?

State Bernoulli's princi fxsf9)rzjh w5k-n,i0ple.

  Which one of the following is associated with the law of conbxh5y;ymg (p. servation of energy in fluihb x;pgy(ym. 5ds?

  As the speed of a moving fluid increases, the precck(up 5rm0 4zssure in the fluid

  Water flows through a pipe. The diamet illl v9+jh,3oer of the pipe at point B is larger than at point l vjl9+ ,iloh3A. Where is the water pressure greatest?

  When you blow some air above a paper strip, the paper rises. This is becausnr dr))mdcmk6evd*7 1e

  A sky diver falls thrg:h+r a-uqqx0)t :f e(zto x:8 hq1ddiough the air at terminal velocity. The force of air resistance 0t+ x a1 xf)dtqr-:(::qu ze h8gohdiqon him is

  Two Styrofoam balls, of radii R and 2R, are released simul66i ys.cwp xk)taneously from a tall tower. Which will reach the ground firxkwpc)6.s 6iyst?

  When a small spherical rock of radius r falls through w66mkr fe yx8c( .ybq/rater, it experiences a dr 8yqb. ryx(ef/r6kmc 6ag force $F=arv$, where $v$ is its velocity and $a$ is a constant proportional to the viscosity of water. From this, one can deduce that if a rock of diameter 2.0 mm falls with terminal velocity, $v$, then a rock of diameter 4.0 mm will fall with terminal velocity .

  Which has the greatest effect on thekw,n8ojrkx 3(2wyt s2 flow of fluid through a narrow pipe? That is, if you made a 10% change in each of the quantities below, which would cause the greatest change in the flowr(8 3yk2n2kwtw sojx, rate?

  Two horizontal pipes are the same length, but pipe B has twice the diameter;7jb fpc :nb,m of pipe A. Water undergoes viscous flow in both pipes, subject to the same pf7m c;bj b:,npressure difference across the lengths of the pipes. If the flow rate in pipe A is Q, what is the flow rate in pipe B?

  Two horizontal pipes have the same diameter, but pipe B is twice a/z tbx*o (qo,bs long as pipe A. Water undergoes viscous flow in both pipes, subject to the same/(botbx ,zo*q pressure difference across the lengths of the pipes. If the flow rate in pipe B is Q, what is the flow rate in pipe A?

  When soup gets cold, it often tastes gry5v g-5,tjbzb easy. This "greasy" taste seems to be associated with oil y,z- gb5jv5b tspreading out all over the surface of the soup, instead of staying in little globules. To us "physikers", this is readily explained in terms of

  When a tube of diameter d is placed in ws1k xdt*c4i8bob, 0prater, the water rises to a height h. If co1,tpxk d4rs* i 0bb8the diameter were half as great, how high would the water rise?

  Certain insects, such as the water bug, are sufficieni8; 9zomaz ,zz9 akt3atly lightweight that they can run on top of water without breaking the surface tension. Water bug A has weight W. Water bug B is twice as big as bug A, in all dimensions. That is, bug B is twice as long, twice as wide, etc. What is the w9t,zk a 9mz8a3iz ;ozaeight of bug B?

  Certain insects, such as the:ecj ffw8 1+xa/8h-bmixii,pe1ak /v water bug, are sufficiently lightweight that they can run on top of water without breaking the surface tension. This is possible because the water, due to surface tension, exerts an upward force on the bottom of the bug's feet. Suppose that the maximum possible upward force on the feet of water bug A is F. Now suppev:/i1hfi x m-cfbej/a8iak 1,w +xp8ose that water bug B is twice as big as bug A in every dimension. That is, bug B is twice as long, twice as wide, etc. What is the maximum upward force on the feet of bug B?

  A plastic block of dimensions 2.00 cm bzj7 vw3vyt n691u:aulfn* t) x 3.00 cm x 4.00 cm has a mass of 30.0 g. What is i3n nlw7) v1j*uau6 9zftbv:yt ts density?

  A liquid has a specifice (ix2ht a (dru6ocy +da;- 3h/1vuhmu gravity of 0.357. What is its density?

  A brick weighs 50.0 N, and measures 30.0 cm x 10.0 cm x 4.00 cf; ymrq7 6zqwib ,yt:2m. What is the maximum pressure it can exert on a horizontal surfb7qtyf;:r2 qy ,wz6 imace?

  A person weighing 900 N is standing on snowshoes. o tuoibgo)78 /ioe)7jEach snowshoe has area $2500 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure on the snow?

  How much pressure (absolute) must a submarine withstand at a depth of 120.0 xiw5vv.b rm+ 7m in thvwm bv.+i5x 7re ocean?

  A circular window of 30 cm diameter ivzf* b 2mb*zh:n a submarine can withstand a maximum force of z :*2zh bbfvm*$5.20 \times 10^{5} \; N$. What is the maximum depth in a lake to which the submarine can go without damaging the window?

  What is the gauge pressure rghi2 gb,07ssif the absolute pressure is 300 kPa?

  What is the gauge pressure at a location 15.0 m be r)jkf4bfg9 on1wiw2l;5cwa+low the surface of sea? (The density of s rnc fl+2o)jf1wbi4wka 5 9;gweawater is $1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  What is the absolute pressure at a location8. dvf c.fot: j3vz3wn 15.0 m below the surface of sea? (The density ofwf. 8v33f:.d cnovjtz seawater is $1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  A 500-N weight sits on the small k* ):) n3dlf 2mb3huz6jpvrlopiston of a hydraulic machine. The small pistophm)fj:b2*ln3 ovd )z3 r6l ukn has area $2.0 \; cm^{2}$. If the large piston has area $40 \; cm^{2}$, how much weight can the large piston support?

  In a hydraulic garage lift, the small piston has a radius of 5zr-nui t g0f,mwl+8d(.0 cm and the large piston has a radius of 15 cm. What rz0tud8+ , l(f-ngiwm force must be applied on the small piston in order to lift a car weighing 20,000 N on the large piston?

  A 13,000 N vehicle is to t*z;9b5.kh fkj.kwg ztzv 8p-be lifted by a 25 cm diameter hydraulic piston. What force needs tfzk8h w5; t.z ktz.bk- *pvjg9o be applied to a 5.0 cm diameter piston to accomplish this?

  The small piston of a hydraulic lift has a diameter of 8.0 cm-00 h ng,tvxwz1a;czj, and its large piston has a diametxc 0;nazwv-1t zj,h0g er of 40 cm. The lift raises a load of 15,000 N.
(a) Determine the force that must be applied to the small piston    $N$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the pressure applied to the fluid in the lift    $\times 10^5 \; Pa$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A block of metal weighs 40 N in air and 30 N in water. What is the buoyant.z3w;at ;oe w-q xmw:v)tj-ul force of t vu;wj:mq3w;at xe --wt)zl o.he water?

  An object has a volump1zj9*ytftup u5.. go e of $4.0 \; m^{3}$ and weighs 40,000 N. What will its weight be in water?

  A 4.00-kg cylinder of solid iron is supported c)hj.se s-5/yx8 ce duby a string while submerged in water. What is the tension in t. -deuc s5)jcehy8sx /he string? (The specific gravity of iron is 7.86.)

  If the density of gold is ,k /zxzxh srp3 .opfr;;ri. k.$19.3 \times 10^3 kg/m^{3}$, what buoyant force does a 0.60-kg gold crown experience when it is immersed in water?

  A crane lifts a steel submarine (:;s lsm4 bcl1adensity = $7.8 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$) of mass 20,000 kg. What is the tension in the lifting cable (1) when the submarine is submerged, and (2) when it is entirely out of the water?

  An object weighs 7.84 N when it is in air and 6.86 N when z5 u70*k uj*zfecef9oit is immersed in water. Wc9eo*u50zu7 ff j*zk ehat is the specific gravity of the object?

  A container of water is placed on a scale, and the scale reads 120 g. N15hwuxx+ xne 95u 4rsxow a 20-g piece of copper (specific gravity = 8.9) is suspended from a thread an5u+usxw9nxehx4 5 1r xd lowered into the water, not touching
the bottom of the container. What will the scale now read?

  A piece of aluminum with a mass of 1.0 kg and density of oybi8(dk e* io+,/isk6.yf:lbkr)q s $2700 \; kg/m^{3}$ is suspended from a string and then completely immersed in a container of water. The density of water is $1000 \; kg/m^{3}$.
(a) Determine the volume of the piece of aluminum    $\times 10^{-4} \; m^3$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the tension in the string after the metal is immersed in the container of water $N$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A cylindrical rod of length 12 cm a i5) hfqky*3hr l+obq.x 8m9qtnd diameter 2.0 cm will just barely float in water.8yhbf r*9)qx3mqtqo5+l.k hi What is its mass?

  A rectangular box of negligible mass measures 5.0 m long, 1.0 m wide, and 0.50 m:mjv6ye8 yl/ac uf(95zp 1 sno high. How many kilograms o (jy:l8vyaf o6 eu/cnp19s5z mf mass can be loaded onto the box before it sinks in a lake?

  A $1.0 m^{3}$ object floats in water with 20% of it above the waterline. What does the object weigh out of the water?

  An object floats with half its volume ben0 w els;7k-7qipeo*mneath the surface of the water. The weight of the displaced water is 2000 N. What is the wi7mqp*s oew7l0n k;- eeight of the object?

  A solid object floats in water with three-fourths o)egnp.;vx39k lc)vbv hpu6v (4 sb *epf its volume beneath the surface. 3vlcn4bbpp s; k 9exvg(*.v)6ve)uhpWhat is the object's density?

  A 200-N object floats with three-fourths of its volume beneath the surface of i*uew kupr4 yfch5:8 1the water. What is the buoyant forcufei1kycr w u8:* 45hpe on the object?

  A polar bear of mass 200 kg stands 61q :/6-lz;dxsady))is 4gn iijnol ei )qz8l on an ice floe 100 cm thick. What is the minimum area of the floe thatidldg)): 4 iynlzs il) 6enqa/osj8xq-;6i1 z will just support the bear in saltwater of specific gravity 1.03? The specific gravity of ice is 0.98.

  Liquid flows through a pipe of diameter 3.0 cm at 2.0p( ub qxvv4.m* m/s. Find the flow rate.

  Liquid flows through a 4.0 cm diameter pipe at kibz:cicevzv 64p5y/xf.)li( pt4 x* 1.0 m/s. There is a 2.0 cm diameter restriction in the line. What is the velocity in this restrictio(4)cp46. y5pexxzv*zl b/ikiiv fc:t n?

  Water flows at 12 m/s in a horizontal pipe with a pv 1mx/9qk j: 0ytfzy/dressure of $3.0 \times 10^4 \; N/m^2$. If the pipe widens to twice its original radius, what is the pressure in the wider section?

  How much pressure does6 ;x d kaze2e8/ki*yy:lrc 0xs it take for a pump to supply a drinking fountain with 300 kPa, if the ec ey ix60lkadr8ysx/:z k2 ;*fountain is 30.0 m above the pump?

  A hole of radius 1.0 mm occurs in the bottom of 2iyxq4ky4z a t8y se(5a water storage tank that holds water at a depth of 15 m. At what rate will water flow out of the hole?ayy5is8q( 4x2k4y z et

  Water flows through a horizontal pipe of cross-snsqf(r3qj7g ve bcn8 i2t1t uc*.1 up9ectional area $10.0 \; cm^{2}$ at a pressure of 0.250 atm. The flow rate is $1.00 \times 10^{-3} \; m^{3}/s$. At a valve, the effective cross-sectional area of the pipe is reduced to $5.00 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure at the valve?

  SAE No. 10 oil has a viscosity of 0.20 eabg(.rk 89cn Pa-s. How long would it take to pour 4.0 L of oil through a funnel with a neck 15 cm long and 2.0 cm in drc. bkgnae(9 8iameter? Assume the surface of the oil is kept 6 cm above the top of the neck, and neglect any drag effects due to the upper part of the funnel.

  Suppose that the build-up of fattypz+ x74fflhr5xc v/6y tissue on the wall of an artery decreased the radius by 10%. By how much would the pressure provided by the heart have to be increased to maintain a conxx75 f+rz4/l6ychvf pstant blood flow?

  Two narrow tubes are placed in a pan of water. Tube A has twice the di3eo ec5p f 76jqbiwj/mwa- 8s7ameter of tube B. If water ri8/-oapjsjb e7i 36wwem57 f cqses 24 cm in tube A, how high will it rise in tube B?

  The surface tension of water is 0.073 8l(-osiqzi1 hruz5 q.fz j ,p7p)v x1uN/m. How high will water rise in a capillary tube of diameter 1.2 muh)is pxz(,qpor fl -1z51 iz.juq7 v8m?

  232

  To what height would water at 0 degree Celsiusp55c/ u hjhpfpuja8bc mg+n5-of6hhl3nn 0/: rise in a glass capillary tube with a diame-fppa jng3pn +hf5n58mj / ohh56c:/bhu l0u cter of
0.50 mm?

  A narrow tube is placed vertica*xx sfu5 4fgx j66zng7lly in a pan of water, and the water rises in the tube to 4.0 cm above the level of the pan. The surface tension in the liquid is lowered to one-half its original value byu g4xg*js6nzf7x6fx5 the addition of some soap. What happens to the height of the liquid column in the tube?

  Consider a rectangular frame of length 0.120 m and width 0.600 m witbntqe+d (5 g*uh a soap film formed within its confined area. If the surface tension of soapy water ( *tnu5 bqg+deis 0.0260 N/m, how much force does the soap film exert on the 0.600 m side?

  An adjustable rectangularoch(cf f q r543**uy qp6*,hnlrqgt(g frame has length 12 cm and width 5 cm, and is built in such a way that one of the longer sides can be moved without bursting the soap film contained in the frame. Soapy water* qf, 5g*t3rr o4hy*qgcpcl(h f nu6q( has surface tension 0.026 N/m. How much work is required to move the adjustable long side so that the frame is 12 cm square?