The three common pha o15;)peuitc, ku 7yavm26udr ses of matter are

  Density is

  Substance A has a densityv)mbwk iq -f9*ggbb+l gx 1-+x of $3.0 \; g/cm^{3}$ and substance B has a density of $4.0 \; g/cm^{3}$. In order to obtain equal masses of these two substances, the ratio of the volume of A to the volume of B will be equal to

  Pressure is

  Which of the following is not vq :oji1y1jh-a unit of pressure?

  Consider three drinking glasses. Awmb6my(4czzrdw+nyf2( 51 u hll three have the same area base, and all three are filled to the same depth with water. Glass A is cylindrical. Glass B is wider at the top than at the bottom, and so holds more water than A. Glass C is narrower at the top than at the bottom, and so (y 5m(1whr uwmy4 zfbd 2nz6c+holds less water than A. Which glass has the greatest liquid pressure at the bottom?

  What is the difference between the pressures inside and outj5/g r /pnvh1/ *iwwjdside a tire called?

  When atmospheric pressure changes, what happens todp5q zoq)huaf2.24cssd f u-u.+ysc( the absolute pressure at the bottom of a pool? d2uasoufpss5q.c+d zyh2 f4c)uq( -.

  You are originally 1.0 m beneath the surface of a poo )/.gk1p id 0/xvhfqt1m8akg bl. If you dive to 2.0 m beneath the surface, what happens tovdk)x b/8/.g 1khqtif0mgpa 1 the absolute pressure on you?

State Pascal's principle.-smm9or: nam) y io z7qt2q:s c*1*fnk

State Archimedes' princik q)7zyg;l8d cple.

  $50 \; cm^{3}$ of wood is floating on water, and $50 \; cm^{3}$ of iron is totally submerged. Which has the greater buoyant force on it?

  As a rock sinks deeper and deeper into water of constantb*yd -u. 4c-duikgke.*s r /h)ti9osn density, what happens to the buoyo .n4-beis/ -kyk*ud*r.c)d9ghius tant force on it?

  Salt water has greater dens +3.rai*s(sqqmbb(t z ity than fresh water. A boat floats in both fresh water and in salt water. Wher.i * (tqsas(3zmq +bbre is the buoyant force greater on the boat?

  Salt water is more dense than fresh water. A ship floats in both fresh water anwbyo d(37:er tje i *im9l8)pfd salt water. Compared to the fresh water, the volume of war melety7p: j*9i 8)o3bfi( dwter displaced in the salt water is

  A steel ball sinks in water but floats in a pool of mercuryii9(ro18ca a l. Where is the buoyant force iora(a8 1i9lcon the ball greater?

  A 10-kg piece of aluminio3oavdiyk; z2 4ledzp; k(+. um sits at the bottom of a lake, right next to a 10-kg pi.4 i(d;d k +le yipkvz2za3o;oece of lead. Which has the greater buoyant force on it?

  A piece of iron rests on top of a piece of wood floati6 ) gxdbl q6e/jug ye8f,sd30vng in a bathtub. If the iron is removed from the wood, what happens6 3)v yegx/bd g,0dju f8lqe6s to the water level in the tub?

  A piece of wood is floating in a a;8 7fn4: fhmic*gzew bathtub. A second piece of wood sits on top of the first piece, and does not touch the water. If the top piece is taken off and placed in the water, what happ4wnfefig8a*m7h :c; zens to the water level in the tub?

  Water flows through a pipe. n t7 aep/x4s+)h;ckrf The diameter of the pipe at point B is larger than at point A. Where isfac 7)phr/ +x;k4 etsn the speed of the water greater?

  An ideal fluid flows at 12 m/s in a horizontal pipe. If the pipe widens to8k:u tdobcr4 7 twice its original radius, what is the flow speed in the wider scko 7 4bu:8tdrection?

  An ideal fluid flows at 12 m/s in a wpcy2ql)79fa7u7wugjb r,nx-7rg2 d horizontal pipe. If the pipe narrows to half its original radius, what is the flow speed dr9w7 u77quxly22 ag-ngrj,pfw) c7 bin the narrower section?

State Bernoulli's prox/ /tf8d4q sainciple.

  Which one of the following is assocd9wwehd6qh* w eqy:8 3iated with the law of conservation of energy in fluids?e*eq w hy8ddhq6ww3: 9

  As the speed of a moving fluid increases,+f; ,xqab+bp l the pressure in the fluid

  Water flows through a pipe. The diametewc+a , ho6i7smr of the pipe at point B is larger than at point A. Where is the water pressure o 7m+ s,ciwa6hgreatest?

  When you blow some air above a paper stata0-5d,o l1yb1 e djhx/vo;brip, the paper rises. This is because

  A sky diver falls through the air at t7:my f v 6 qucz 9badux/.926iz6gagzcerminal velocity. The force of air resistance7zavfu/ d6zzy 6xc 9umgabc6 :.i92gq on him is

  Two Styrofoam balls, of radii R and 2R, are released simultaneo9b8 gdi x,z: bc(6ngxo.tpr(wusly from a tall tower. Which willgd ig(o6(tnb9bc x,zwx.p :r8 reach the ground first?

  When a small spherical rock of rad rv,k(je 48iiwius r falls through water, it experiences a drag fj,r4i8 ( weivkorce $F=arv$, where $v$ is its velocity and $a$ is a constant proportional to the viscosity of water. From this, one can deduce that if a rock of diameter 2.0 mm falls with terminal velocity, $v$, then a rock of diameter 4.0 mm will fall with terminal velocity .

  Which has the greatest 6g if7/hwrnx-lxzitncm ), ;;effect on the flow of fluid through a narrow pipe? That is, if you made a 10% change in each of the quantities below, which would cause the greatest change in 7)nmxczt/ ;w xgf;-hinr6,il the flow rate?

  Two horizontal pipes are the same length, but pipe B has twice the diameter +i-fl kwg) f e,ql1kctt ;oe3,of pipe A. Water undergoes viscous flow in both pipes, subject ofqt )f- ltw3 ki+1ckeg ;,,leto the same pressure difference across the lengths of the pipes. If the flow rate in pipe A is Q, what is the flow rate in pipe B?

  Two horizontal pipes have the same diameter, but pipe B is twice as long as s. iox0d:.ugx11 m rrppipe A. Water undergoes viscous flow in both pipes, subject to the same prs.xxogr:11irdm p . 0uessure difference across the lengths of the pipes. If the flow rate in pipe B is Q, what is the flow rate in pipe A?

  When soup gets cold, it often tastes greasy. Thi-0 88k/r m-v6d61 kzm-ncohxmdkpdg w s "greasy" taste seems to be associated wm cdn ho p6dm -zk-w-k8g0xkv1/6d8mrith oil spreading out all over the surface of the soup, instead of staying in little globules. To us "physikers", this is readily explained in terms of

  When a tube of diamet/.p-f fvqq;kq0kvo* s(mb2 qter d is placed in water, the water rises to a height h. If the diamef;* s k(m.-/vpqf2kqtov0qbqter were half as great, how high would the water rise?

  Certain insects, such as the water bug, are sufficiently o +6it :wixvl*lightweight that they can run on top of waterw iixo*6l +v:t without breaking the surface tension. Water bug A has weight W. Water bug B is twice as big as bug A, in all dimensions. That is, bug B is twice as long, twice as wide, etc. What is the weight of bug B?

  Certain insects, such as the water bug, are sufficiently lightweight that98 , kd*f 7hslukgw7xl1aj:bu fj2 .ek they can run on top of water without breaking the surface tension. This is possible because the water, due to surface tension, exerts an upward force on the bottom of the bug's feet. Suppose that the maximum possible upward force on the feet of water bug A is F. Now suppose that water bug B is twice as big as bug A in efb2ux,7 j7klgkl8:*j de1u f9ak .shwvery dimension. That is, bug B is twice as long, twice as wide, etc. What is the maximum upward force on the feet of bug B?

  A plastic block of dimensions 2.00 cm x 3.00 cm x 4.00 cm has a mas 1l8 kane)*hsuha0uo-s of 30.0 g. Wha1hkl* n- )uuae0sa8oht is its density?

  A liquid has a specific gravity of 0dgm6tw.; hu0moh.c o ;.357. What is its density?

  A brick weighs 50.0 N, a;*jye b 60sni l,lct dzjn2jja8.4j 6ynd measures 30.0 cm x 10.0 cm x 4.00 cm. What is the maximum pressure it cedj2 8zj6;y*.j,ji cll6 0ynjasn4t ban exert on a horizontal surface?

  A person weighing 900 N is standing on snowshoes. Each d1ud3 bdjxjt50yr jv7 d6w*h1snowshoe has area $2500 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure on the snow?

  How much pressure (absolute)x uv k9y xdy*.o7,z2qe must a submarine withstand at a depth of 120.0 m in the y9 d .7e x2*,kuoqvyzxocean?

  A circular window of 30 cnq v, +ugc cbr0w,k4dqwj:ho;)kb4 /sm diameter in a submarine can withstand a maximum force /:g b,cwkbqkq 4+)u,4oj vcdh r s;wn0of $5.20 \times 10^{5} \; N$. What is the maximum depth in a lake to which the submarine can go without damaging the window?

  What is the gauge pressureeg+ +kx:eevv/i/j*ve6 zv 3 -vgou r-g if the absolute pressure is 300 kPa?

  What is the gauge pr*f0 0dmc8prkew5b0lht woq,4essure at a location 15.0 m below the surface of sea? (The d fpw bwk*00lcotqh40mre d58,ensity of seawater is $1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  What is the absolute pressure at a locab 1fex4ft+iaj 3 qa+jx 7z.r)xh*b8si tion 15.0 m below the surface of sea? (The density of seawater 84 xbz +7)ah +sji .j bt1fqfx*rxaei3is $1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  A 500-N weight sits on the smallmz- v0v50juvkbd a bq*p2f,w , piston of a hydraulic machine. The small piston has ark*qv 0vp2df5uwm-0b a,zjbv,ea $2.0 \; cm^{2}$. If the large piston has area $40 \; cm^{2}$, how much weight can the large piston support?

  In a hydraulic garage lift, the small piston h v,mqn,ivmbe*m /9h,has a radius of 5.0 cm and the large piston has a radius of 15 cm. What force must be applied on the small piston in order to lift a car weighing 20,000 vm,*hqn , hebmmvi/9,N on the large piston?

  A 13,000 N vehicle is to be lifted by a 25 cm diameter hyd xp8s/t*tn9v7g ej(iasc: p 3iraulic piston. What force needs to be applied to a s/ (ptst:*3 p cx ing9a78eijv5.0 cm diameter piston to accomplish this?

  The small piston of a hydraulic lift has a did syb:)gkfralcx; )4y*-)x xwameter of 8.0 cm, and its large piston has a diameter of 40 cm. The lift raises a loa )g y-rac)x)x x*k;bds f4wl:yd of 15,000 N.
(a) Determine the force that must be applied to the small piston    $N$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the pressure applied to the fluid in the lift    $\times 10^5 \; Pa$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A block of metal weighs 40 N in air and 30 N in c+4higl.ha7iny + . dywater. What is the buoyant force of the wathha7iyg l +c. iyn.4+der?

  An object has a volume of e(a9x 06* uw); zpu1cbbsg rh:oarhw4$4.0 \; m^{3}$ and weighs 40,000 N. What will its weight be in water?

  A 4.00-kg cylinder of solid iron is supported by a su6wuaw0nt36f tring while submerged in water. Whatu0uwta fw6 36n is the tension in the string? (The specific gravity of iron is 7.86.)

  If the density of gold vd xa0mm3u5b5g:tei3 is $19.3 \times 10^3 kg/m^{3}$, what buoyant force does a 0.60-kg gold crown experience when it is immersed in water?

  A crane lifts a steel submarine (du fgi38 rm26dnensity = $7.8 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$) of mass 20,000 kg. What is the tension in the lifting cable (1) when the submarine is submerged, and (2) when it is entirely out of the water?

  An object weighs 7.84 N when it is in aivl aiw1qush-t483 g( zr and 6.86 N when it is immersed in waterihw3 1(4lg tvzu8qa-s . What is the specific gravity of the object?

  A container of water is placed on a scale, and the) q fj)zu3ppt2 scale reads 120 g. Now a 20-g piece of copper (specific gravity = 8.9) is suspended from a thread and lowered i2qj fup3)zpt) nto the water, not touching
the bottom of the container. What will the scale now read?

  A piece of aluminum with a muazt;er.4 )y qass of 1.0 kg and density of $2700 \; kg/m^{3}$ is suspended from a string and then completely immersed in a container of water. The density of water is $1000 \; kg/m^{3}$.
(a) Determine the volume of the piece of aluminum    $\times 10^{-4} \; m^3$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the tension in the string after the metal is immersed in the container of water $N$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A cylindrical rod of length 12 cm and diameter 2.0 cmgil*ix) tl ggt8nl,,,: g7lqc will just barely float in water. What is its ma ix7l:tg,8g*ll gcn,,lg)t qiss?

  A rectangular box of negligible mass measures 5.0 )ai1 oy1c1dzgpe+o/k m long, 1.0 m wide, and 0.50 m high. How many kilograms of mass cep1d1i1 ky z+c gaoo/)an be loaded onto the box before it sinks in a lake?

  A $1.0 m^{3}$ object floats in water with 20% of it above the waterline. What does the object weigh out of the water?

  An object floats with half its vol9p+dxj02q 7h2yt etjo** pt jmt 5q(cwume beneath the surface of the water. The weight of the displaced water is 2000 N. What i9xqc2q * ttjd0w+p7y jt(j p*te2hm5os the weight of the object?

  A solid object floats in w5r0 kj,.ie .buiwj jb.ater with three-fourths of its volume beneath the surface. What is th wi,k. br50jj i..jebue object's density?

  A 200-N object floats with three-fourths op-- pm tu +yiuo+dfs95f its volume beneath the surface of the water. What i-9t su+fopu+5-dmpy is the buoyant force on the object?

  A polar bear of mass 200 kg stands on an ice floe 100 cm thuoyfjjh96 +7-(m x)0wyldh8 p l5k6jpm i;crbick. What is the minimum area of the floe that wilh)l-8x5yl0kw; y ibfjd rcp (6pjm 9hj6u+7oml just support the bear in saltwater of specific gravity 1.03? The specific gravity of ice is 0.98.

  Liquid flows through a pipe of diameter 3.0 cm at 2.0 m/s. Find the flnb4o / yrb efjv0+:5ldow rate.

  Liquid flows through a 4.0 cm diameter pip72e(c 7w jh 0)buv7-pfsss mx:yoqez ;e at 1.0 m/s. There is a 2.0 cm diameter restriction in the line. What is ths;swmub-772ypz0: )(x7ec vqhf es oje velocity in this restriction?

  Water flows at 12 m/s in a horizontal pipe with axd,bob k(/9su pressure of $3.0 \times 10^4 \; N/m^2$. If the pipe widens to twice its original radius, what is the pressure in the wider section?

  How much pressure does it take for a pump to supply a drinking fountaib2 kf wrmfix 260gyg1avs,3nxf f063in with 300 kPa, f6av1 mf3is,x 6n023g0bwif 2kfyx rg if the fountain is 30.0 m above the pump?

  A hole of radius 1.0p v-7w0m52dex d ,zwcxgp4 wc7os *w:a mm occurs in the bottom of a water storage tank that holds water at a depth zw5 op7e7-awdgs4d:0 wwc2* cx pvmx,of 15 m. At what rate will water flow out of the hole?

  Water flows through a hisvi3ih5 ;yt( 45ugl.i1ur0 fnjp-q j orizontal pipe of cross-sectional area $10.0 \; cm^{2}$ at a pressure of 0.250 atm. The flow rate is $1.00 \times 10^{-3} \; m^{3}/s$. At a valve, the effective cross-sectional area of the pipe is reduced to $5.00 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure at the valve?

  SAE No. 10 oil has a viscosity of 0.20 Pa-s. m5emug/,9luf q98 5r5iziw vj How long would it take to pour 4.0 L of oil through a funnel with a neck 15 cm long and 2.0 cm in diameter? Assume the surface ofi/ivfmw99 qm 55r8 ,zjeguul5 the oil is kept 6 cm above the top of the neck, and neglect any drag effects due to the upper part of the funnel.

  Suppose that the build-upf:+iw2,f rso u of fatty tissue on the wall of an artery decreased the radius by 10%. By how much woulf:or+ sui, 2wfd the pressure provided by the heart have to be increased to maintain a constant blood flow?

  Two narrow tubes are placed in a pan of waterga0y/2e 2 eojxe 4jvq). Tube A has twice the diameter of tube B. If water rises 24 cm in tube A, how higa4/2yejov0j)qgxe 2e h will it rise in tube B?

  The surface tension of wateru a z5ms06t) m2tuom9f is 0.073 N/m. How high will water rise in a capillary tube of diame 2)tmf9tsuaumm0 z o56ter 1.2 mm?

  232

  To what height would water at 0 degree Celsiuxs efq1+ nzk, i.nc-1us rise in a glass capillary tube with a dik1q i-xne,zc 1unf+. sameter of
0.50 mm?

  A narrow tube is placed vertb cxa,18pcykwc j3x.7 ically in a pan of water, and the water rises in the tubpxwcc1, x7 kcj 38by.ae to 4.0 cm above the level of the pan. The surface tension in the liquid is lowered to one-half its original value by the addition of some soap. What happens to the height of the liquid column in the tube?

  Consider a rectangular frame of length 0.120 m c.,s+*adk*gv /kvpc p3 oq d0vand width 0.600 m with a soap film .,3v+ckkos0p* / g qdp cad*vvformed within its confined area. If the surface tension of soapy water is 0.0260 N/m, how much force does the soap film exert on the 0.600 m side?

  An adjustable rectangular frame has length 12 cm and widh:wb6r n y4gl6kg9 )wtnzcc)9 th 5 cm, and is built in such a way that one of the longer sides can be moved without bursting the soap film contained in the frame. Soapy water has surface tension 0.026 N/m. How much work i 9nk nb 6rg4g))9thc: wzcwly6s required to move the adjustable long side so that the frame is 12 cm square?