The three common phas t ;nxtt9w2ut89zj0/2qp ygb agvbo80es of matter are

  Density is

  Substance A has a dend+lo+q)s ,; p p4yryjksity of $3.0 \; g/cm^{3}$ and substance B has a density of $4.0 \; g/cm^{3}$. In order to obtain equal masses of these two substances, the ratio of the volume of A to the volume of B will be equal to

  Pressure is

  Which of the following is not a unit okp ng4:7 ve4(3po u4guz7nzr nf pressure?

  Consider three drinking glasses. All three have the same area base, an2vo xd.c3 ja-rd all three are filled to the sa-vc 2j.rdx oa3me depth with water. Glass A is cylindrical. Glass B is wider at the top than at the bottom, and so holds more water than A. Glass C is narrower at the top than at the bottom, and so holds less water than A. Which glass has the greatest liquid pressure at the bottom?

  What is the difference between the pressures inside and outside a tiregjd4l7o - 7tri called?

  When atmospheric pressure changes, what happ-dnw6/.ce3:go78 c gctfyd lmih;p8 jens to the absolute pressure at the bottoj df.6onpwyi7;dg8cc 3 c/h: m 8gtel-m of a pool?

  You are originally 1.0 m beneath the surface of a pool. If yomj+ ba460jj n49jri mmu dive to 2.0 m beneatj0n 4 i46 jmb+jmam9rjh the surface, what happens to the absolute pressure on you?

State Pascal's principll8j- kes7u)gme.

State Archimedes' princb7r +eu s(f;9 glzxvf s8w3q:xiple.

  $50 \; cm^{3}$ of wood is floating on water, and $50 \; cm^{3}$ of iron is totally submerged. Which has the greater buoyant force on it?

  As a rock sinks deep *9xxh mb*re rtxj6h:z(uxlwzm iw;n *b;,) 4der and deeper into water of constant density, what happens to the buoyant force on zmm;b 4 hw;*b **u)ntx9iz6xxh x rw:lr(dj,e it?

  Salt water has greater density than fresh water. A be(i8husx7 (,mqpdh fr8z ,dbl 6zm9z- oat floats in both fresh water and in salt wh9fq ( l8rx7-z(mmud6s b,e8zipz ,h dater. Where is the buoyant force greater on the boat?

  Salt water is more dense than fresh water. A ship floats in both frep)avmv*cxi: 2 jdgk23sh water and salt water. Compared to the fresa2g m*):vc d2pj vik3xh water, the volume of water displaced in the salt water is

  A steel ball sinks in water but floats i 3)gd 7g ggf,34pmqktmn a pool of mercury. Where is the buoyant force on the 4p ,gk fgqg) m3m7g3dtball greater?

  A 10-kg piece of aluminum sits at the bottom of a lake, right next to a 10-k, onnnbd-909t gw k8qeiwht+:7+hyzm g piece of lead. Which has t8h mb +zt9w 0gy-e:9 ,k7qhndnoint w+he greater buoyant force on it?

  A piece of iron rests on top o2 wtfk(; g)bwof a piece of wood floating in a bathtub. If the iron is removed from the woog;2wb kwo) (ftd, what happens to the water level in the tub?

  A piece of wood is floating in a bathtub. A second piec 1yn-gbcul kln;37r1u, dk oc4e of wood sits on top of the first piece, and does not touch the water. If the top piece is taken off and placed in the water, what happens to the water level in the tub?1d1u; 3yubk 4gc ollnrn k,c-7

  Water flows through a pipe. The diameter of the pipe at point B is la v(pvbw z;x)gn:a8a3xrger than at point A. Where is the speed of the water grea8 xwvv3ng; )aa:xz( bpter?

  An ideal fluid flows at 12 m/s in vdcczxw,yn,3y d/ 1 )-sap rdf1 6w*tza horizontal pipe. If the pipe widens to twice its ori)3*dwv1z-nyf ,paxw6y1zd rt , dc/c sginal radius, what is the flow speed in the wider section?

  An ideal fluid flows at 12 m/s in a horizontal pipe. If thednjdn ixob( 0-6w)dc2 pipe narrows to half its original radius, what is the flow speed in the narrower nx)6 b02 id-cdn(jwod section?

State Bernoulli's principle.i3s5g qxm, :bi

  Which one of the following is associated with the law of conservation of eneqa/0 h18wyaqdlb. ec 8rgy in fluid/bw aa10.8 hc yde8lqqs?

  As the speed of a moving fluid increscyq4cq v85y)jo,lkg+- q40dv 3r tnzases, the pressure in the fluid

  Water flows through a pipe. The diameter of the pi6dn;;a0a yd ofn 0j*tmpe at point B is larger than at point A. Whedmo0nd ; *aa y0nf;jt6re is the water pressure greatest?

  When you blow some air above a paper strip, the paper rises. p : gcvn4 l1ovv aph,ec/q:7iw6mwo +3 This is because

  A sky diver falls through theno.fbb.0gwa+ lu+sv+jwfg;g: hk- ,u air at terminal velocity. The force of air resistanceubu-b:.v hog ,+fsl0j;g.nf+ +wawgk on him is

  Two Styrofoam balls, of radii R ant ax;x x5n 19s2 ccv;25ownebpd 2R, are released simultaneously from a tall tower. Which1xvp2w5n2;n a9tb;5 s xecx co will reach the ground first?

  When a small spherical rock of radius r falls through water, it experiences/ 6uqqfk jqe638nmlc,jxfw* 3 a drag fo6jf3qqm fj/8wxc3nu eklq* 6,rce $F=arv$, where $v$ is its velocity and $a$ is a constant proportional to the viscosity of water. From this, one can deduce that if a rock of diameter 2.0 mm falls with terminal velocity, $v$, then a rock of diameter 4.0 mm will fall with terminal velocity .

  Which has the greatest effectw.8 49uhtb lhf on the flow of fluid through a narrow pipe? That is, if you made a 10% change in each of the hhu.w8b9tfl4quantities below, which would cause the greatest change in the flow rate?

  Two horizontal pipes are the same length, but pipe B lmn4.ku. x1wf has twice the diameter of pipe A. Water undergoes visn ml.ux1kfw.4cous flow in both pipes, subject to the same pressure difference across the lengths of the pipes. If the flow rate in pipe A is Q, what is the flow rate in pipe B?

  Two horizontal pipes have the same diameter, but pipe B is twice as 8wem 2- lx78q o4jd;syude j2llong as pipe A. Water2dx7ul284eqd8;-joywj s m el undergoes viscous flow in both pipes, subject to the same pressure difference across the lengths of the pipes. If the flow rate in pipe B is Q, what is the flow rate in pipe A?

  When soup gets cold, it ofte vtcky+/qr0lfb .c3cd1/eo05v at)cl)t- ucjn tastes greasy. This "greasy" taste seems to be associated with oil spreading out all over the surface 1yjt/bv ltefk ) + ucl 5cdrq0)v3occt.-/0ca of the soup, instead of staying in little globules. To us "physikers", this is readily explained in terms of

  When a tube of diameter d is placed in wat0ntlx3 ttmt .(:/pt7ss ocau3er, the water rises to a height h. If the diameter were half as great, how high woulds03 oa/lt p.7tucmt(3x nt :st the water rise?

  Certain insects, such as the ww:y7dtw ,uxkk , /k*wcater bug, are sufficiently lightweight that they can run on top of water without breaking the surface tension. Water bug A has weight W. Water bug B is twice as big as bug A, in all dimensions.ky u w/*dkt:c xkw7,w, That is, bug B is twice as long, twice as wide, etc. What is the weight of bug B?

  Certain insects, such as the water bug, are sufficiently light+fj)v* l7wti-l w :v3h/4ofmw hb:w bpweight that they can run on top of water without breaking the surface tension. This is possible because the watejwhwv-*4 f)bt/+llmpoh3biw :7: fvwr, due to surface tension, exerts an upward force on the bottom of the bug's feet. Suppose that the maximum possible upward force on the feet of water bug A is F. Now suppose that water bug B is twice as big as bug A in every dimension. That is, bug B is twice as long, twice as wide, etc. What is the maximum upward force on the feet of bug B?

  A plastic block of dimensions 2.00 cm kjvs33:y,z y i z;8mddx 3.00 cm x 4.00 cm has a mass of 30.0 g. What is kvj;, z3s8y d3zimd:yits density?

  A liquid has a specific gra xa*,; o8qdazevity of 0.357. What is its density?

  A brick weighs 50.0 N, and measures 30.0 cm x 10.0 cm x 4.0hs nug6) z0e+v0 cm. What is the maximum pressure it can exert on a horizontal surface?vzse0+h6 n)gu

  A person weighing 900 N is standing on snowshoes. Each snowshoe has ar7su-na0dbx dt,*x3s d ea $2500 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure on the snow?

  How much pressure (absolute) must a submarine withstand at a depth bj7u 0w1qql, lof 120.0 m in the ocean7lq,qbulj w 01?

  A circular window of 30 cm diameter in a submarine can withs9 e ,kz63f+ ud-pluxvltand a maximum force opu9xz 6+l l3 -dkv,efuf $5.20 \times 10^{5} \; N$. What is the maximum depth in a lake to which the submarine can go without damaging the window?

  What is the gauge pressux41bsub)+ mx cre if the absolute pressure is 300 kPa?

  What is the gauge pressure at a location 15.03f vyz1+ o3y7/jbkm blr)n df, m below the surface of sea? (The density of seawater isn olfbd3yy+ zmbf v,317rkj)/ $1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  What is the absolute pressure at a location 15.0 m bel y0v1c6pmxw0: h0aym aow the surface of sea? (The denavc: h0m 0x1pamywy60sity of seawater is $1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  A 500-N weight sits on the small pist( rcw5pa-9cj) dnddt )on of a hydraulic machine. The small piston has area rwcpad)nd(59) c-dj t $2.0 \; cm^{2}$. If the large piston has area $40 \; cm^{2}$, how much weight can the large piston support?

  In a hydraulic garage lift, the small piston has a radius of 5.0 ca y -t/cm)n+ckm and the large piston has a radius of 15 cm. What force must be applied on tc+y)kc/nm -a the small piston in order to lift a car weighing 20,000 N on the large piston?

  A 13,000 N vehicle is to be lifted by a 25 cm diameter hydraulic pist7g ij+oz:kz)j e 4qru)on. What force needs to be applied to a 5.0 cm diameter piston to accomplish this: uj+)q4)zkoiz gjr 7e?

  The small piston of a hydraulic lift has a diameter of 8.0 cm, and its largehxj n0(3xs) 2 aj+fdme piston has a diameter of 40 c +023 fs hd(am)ejnxxjm. The lift raises a load of 15,000 N.
(a) Determine the force that must be applied to the small piston    $N$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the pressure applied to the fluid in the lift    $\times 10^5 \; Pa$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A block of metal weighs 40 N ih (sn(vv- u /ge0rals5n air and 30 N in water. What is the buoyant force of the wateh nral (5u -vs/vg(0esr?

  An object has a volume oftm zh(tny0v3o x-2*7xe/c sgp5jnzg : $4.0 \; m^{3}$ and weighs 40,000 N. What will its weight be in water?

  A 4.00-kg cylinder of solid iron is supported by a stu13 tcvf77vx tring while submerged in water. What 7utv cx tv3f71is the tension in the string? (The specific gravity of iron is 7.86.)

  If the density of gold 5v wwcb))xaux0mq+ +r is $19.3 \times 10^3 kg/m^{3}$, what buoyant force does a 0.60-kg gold crown experience when it is immersed in water?

  A crane lifts a steel submarine (density =-p4fbif8 mt w( $7.8 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$) of mass 20,000 kg. What is the tension in the lifting cable (1) when the submarine is submerged, and (2) when it is entirely out of the water?

  An object weighs 7.84 N when it is in air and 6.86 fx e p0 s/szx)dr/r3m;6lf+mir g3- tkN when it is immersed in water. What is the specific gravity of the objectszktxr3 xe6+ d frf;ms3ml/0 igr)-/p?

  A container of water is placed on a scale, and the scale readg5 oth:3 jlafj.kd-g5l8hg o)s 120 g. Now a 20-g piece of copper (specific gravity = 8.9) is suspended from a thread and lowered into the water, not o8gof5.a l3g:j l)djgh-5htk touching
the bottom of the container. What will the scale now read?

  A piece of aluminum with a mass of 1.0 kg and j8e3jcw ) ordpq arst5: w,kpr aah e31/(x*h,density of $2700 \; kg/m^{3}$ is suspended from a string and then completely immersed in a container of water. The density of water is $1000 \; kg/m^{3}$.
(a) Determine the volume of the piece of aluminum    $\times 10^{-4} \; m^3$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the tension in the string after the metal is immersed in the container of water $N$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A cylindrical rod of length 12 cm and diameter 2.0 cm will juuraob8fb c8yh5. q,h2st barely float in water. Wfbho2r88ua qy,c5 h .bhat is its mass?

  A rectangular box of negligible mass measures 5.0 m long, 1.0 m w xj(rzoa,5:0wzl g y1hide, and 0.50 m high. How many kilograms of mass can be loaded onto the box before it sinks lj0o1zyr( a h:5gx, wzin a lake?

  A $1.0 m^{3}$ object floats in water with 20% of it above the waterline. What does the object weigh out of the water?

  An object floats with half its volume beneath the suv(xa*5vc1 hj mwcgz8d;6bi/w rface of the water. The weight of the displaced waterwb/ 8 xzm6dhw ;i(j*cgcv15av is 2000 N. What is the weight of the object?

  A solid object floats in water with three-fourths of its vahpu.ce 4c.v/wg5akr j-/ me7olume beneath the surface. Whah/c.wk5/r 7pejaev. -u4am gct is the object's density?

  A 200-N object floats with three-fourths of its volume beneath the surface of th t5ouc0n-iiy *r)if pk7t1ho(e4b8xg ku ipi 1h)nrecog(58ot 0ix4yf-*t7be water. What is the buoyant force on the object?

  A polar bear of mass 200 kg stands on an ice floe 100 cm thick. hdy*9my ; j1taeyc+ f-What is the minimum area of the floe that will just support the bear in saltwater of specific grayy9c 1yaj*d ;fe-m ht+vity 1.03? The specific gravity of ice is 0.98.

  Liquid flows through a pipe of diameter 3.0 cm at 2b 7ge+ oyj;a0rv;k3rh .0 m/s. Find the flow rate.

  Liquid flows through a 4.0 cm diameter pipe at 1.0 m/s. There is a 2.i8 o o+.xut7ehcn h;k20 cm diameter reho7x8u n. ;hc2+koe itstriction in the line. What is the velocity in this restriction?

  Water flows at 12 m/s 3(iz*4k9xvm( ji. nmlzuvr,y in a horizontal pipe with a pressure of $3.0 \times 10^4 \; N/m^2$. If the pipe widens to twice its original radius, what is the pressure in the wider section?

  How much pressure does it take for a pump to supply a drinking fountain with 3b 3tlf.4.qa vcojl12 v;c ;8bech) k rwl4wot500 kPa, if the fountain is 30.0 m abovoeb8h)lawll4 fwc t.4c1cjbo; 3 5 2;q rvkv.te the pump?

  A hole of radius 1.0 mm occursmrhn i),r x(8g ly:sy7vs 4w1e in the bottom of a water storage tank that holds water at a depth of 15 m. At : whi e,glxvm 178)rnys(r4s ywhat rate will water flow out of the hole?

  Water flows through a horizontal pipe of cross-sectional :1mh :tg9vitx,shs5xarea $10.0 \; cm^{2}$ at a pressure of 0.250 atm. The flow rate is $1.00 \times 10^{-3} \; m^{3}/s$. At a valve, the effective cross-sectional area of the pipe is reduced to $5.00 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure at the valve?

  SAE No. 10 oil has a viscosi9 i cf;oz b/sytmii o5jt),u2z( 1ki:zty of 0.20 Pa-s. How long would it take to pour 4.0 L of oil through a funnel with a neck 15 cm long and 2.0 cm in diameter? Assume the surface of the oil is kept 6 cm above the top of the neck, and neglect any df/ 9,y bcst; ( 5mizzok2 jzii1:ito)urag effects due to the upper part of the funnel.

  Suppose that the build-up of fatt0okk etwp1:/ ct1 jq s4n1)q6rv v6cpey tissue on the wall of an artery decreased the radius by)1jqe1rc0s6vntow qp4ce 16tvkpk:/ 10%. By how much would the pressure provided by the heart have to be increased to maintain a constant blood flow?

  Two narrow tubes are placed in a pan of ceph)0 bvje-6water. Tube A has twice the diameter of tube B. If water rises 24 cm in tub v jchbp6)0-eee A, how high will it rise in tube B?

  The surface tension of water is 0.073 N/m. How high will wat.*w,snkfl.vl (ahm r) er rise in a capillary tube of diameterw v,.r)*nlk.lhf(m a s 1.2 mm?

  232

  To what height would water at 0 degree Celsius rise in a glass capillary tube wxjb1zvw be6oegj8f. 7*6b sc6ith a g6z66bcx.* jb1bjveo fw87es diameter of
0.50 mm?

  A narrow tube is placed vertically in fi .nk5x j+vvt, qzoht:2hz+2 a pan of water, and the water rises in the tube to 4.0 cm above the level of the pan. The surface tension in the liquid is lowered to one-half its original value by the addition of some soap. Whavzn + 5htjf+q: vkhi.,2zoxt2t happens to the height of the liquid column in the tube?

  Consider a rectangula.j*d-) /v.ntppq c8f g-dhhi-)yv bdar frame of length 0.120 m and width 0.600 m with a soap film formed within its confined area. If the surface tension-* p bc-)/ pthniaq.-d8yhjg )vfddv. of soapy water is 0.0260 N/m, how much force does the soap film exert on the 0.600 m side?

  An adjustable rectangular frame has length 5 tj3w ;8dc1zab/rfq7 p.celokh9, qr 12 cm and width 5 cm, and is built in such a way that one of the longer sides can be moved without bursting the soap film contained in the frame. Soapy water has surface tension 0.026 rl;bh7 cejqd 3fw9 qpk1a.t,z8/oc5r N/m. How much work is required to move the adjustable long side so that the frame is 12 cm square?