The three common phases of matter aj;b vv.t5i td +wuul*9 oeb31fre

  Density is

  Substance A has a densihs :n32k xqz5fty of $3.0 \; g/cm^{3}$ and substance B has a density of $4.0 \; g/cm^{3}$. In order to obtain equal masses of these two substances, the ratio of the volume of A to the volume of B will be equal to

  Pressure is

  Which of the followin 6ho 4kt/ivwa9g is not a unit of pressure?

  Consider three drinking glasses. All three have the same ac25i (dij+nyam 7 ug0-ls ivm-sv2q7x rea base, and all three are filled to the same depth with water. Glass A is cylindrical. Glass B is wider at the top than at the bottom, and so holds more water than A. Glass C is narrower at the top than at the bottom, and so holds less water(-a0i2v7mm n ii7s 2vq5 uslcj gyx+d- than A. Which glass has the greatest liquid pressure at the bottom?

  What is the difference between the pressures inside and outside a tire 1hp)wved12kzh; w-b:wzfei pak la5)9*wn9n called?

  When atmospheric prempq o,47b;j7)j gkas)lu eif /ssure changes, what happens to the absolute pressure at the bottom of a )mkl ib)qjf4ej7gap ; /7us,opool?

  You are originally 1.0 m beneath the surface of a pool. If you dive to 2.(n ci8ncc,+nt 0 m beneath thenc(nc, 8 t+cni surface, what happens to the absolute pressure on you?

State Pascal's principe3 gi tyo-l oa: um)mq5bvjs:2f- 0)lmle.

State Archimedes' principle. 7cd7xi6lmhh (

  $50 \; cm^{3}$ of wood is floating on water, and $50 \; cm^{3}$ of iron is totally submerged. Which has the greater buoyant force on it?

  As a rock sinks deeper and deeper into wat/sntp)(bsnevc vnc- /gj, (;if-. fpber of constant density, what happens to thegcv-np,n t/) p;if- .(ne/j cbs( fsvb buoyant force on it?

  Salt water has greater density than fresh water. A boat floats in both fresh wao/ldh/ :no+yp/3bizylb um:(t k li),ter and in salt water. Where is the buoyant force greater on the boat h byn3i)lt dbo:z+u/l/i( ylk/,m:po?

  Salt water is more dense than flrw 19 l63pzdhresh water. A ship floats in both fresh water and 136rd pwlzhl9 salt water. Compared to the fresh water, the volume of water displaced in the salt water is

  A steel ball sinks in water but floats in a pool of mercury. Where is the buoya *r t0g)mv od2)ycd l9kp(y9xvnt( 2 )9tk ry9* lvdpvo0dgyc)mx force on the ball greater?

  A 10-kg piece of aluminum sits at the bottom of a lake, right next to )j/ k8reroyw3 a 10-kg piece38r )ykje/row of lead. Which has the greater buoyant force on it?

  A piece of iron rests on top of a piece of wood floating in a bathtub. If the ibpe:,;h duxn*d ners- .0zdk 5ron is removed from the wood, whad dr kz-b u:nnxde;se. p0*5h,t happens to the water level in the tub?

  A piece of wood is floating in a bathtub. A second piece ofut6 ocfbt7*a, a7xsb1 wood sits on top of the first piece, and does not touch b7 fx ba,*a7u61ttco sthe water. If the top piece is taken off and placed in the water, what happens to the water level in the tub?

  Water flows through a pipe. The diameter of th u5i ys-a6;sg)bejk: le pipe at point B is larger than jl ; g)ys6ib-ks:u5aeat point A. Where is the speed of the water greater?

  An ideal fluid flows at 12 m/s in a hgb+cd83o8 h 5 0xebmgtorizontal pipe. If the pipe widens to twice its origitbe5bhx g8gcom+03d 8nal radius, what is the flow speed in the wider section?

  An ideal fluid flows at 12 m: xojg2ku,fw(/s in a horizontal pipe. If the pipe narrows to half its original radius, what is the flow speed in thj koxg(wf:,u2e narrower section?

State Bernoulli's principle +8(bevmivk omk95+xb .

  Which one of the following is associated with the law of conservation of energy 7z2 h38gj-3 muwimjfl in fluiz3 h2f8u jilwj 7gm3m-ds?

  As the speed of a movyn slch-hq1q4+uipod-. )s6r, oyo3ping fluid increases, the pressure in the fluid

  Water flows through a pipe. The diameter of the pipe at i8zh3j 8;8m q/q:hud;vc s kbepoint B is larger than at point A. Where is the water pressure gre/ 3q8;z uvsb:8 ihjkhm;cq8 edatest?

  When you blow some ai(c; rbwrvwz n4a :w2oph0,tg tm;b x;4r above a paper strip, the paper rises. This is because

  A sky diver falls through the air at terminal velocity. The force of air respz5rl*n0jr7 )zo +llfc my/5 sistance on h/)ofzycllr0 lm j5 nrz5 ps+7*im is

  Two Styrofoam balls, of radii R andh m,q efhd36j6(g ny+t 2R, are released simultaneously from a tall tower. Which will reach the ground first?3qehmnt6df (yh+j6 g,

  When a small spherical r 9p6(u6 cclcnaq tju+5 f3nf3ev,b9w wock of radius r falls through water, it experiences a drag ff95t bl +q c693wafujwvc 3,n 6upne(corce $F=arv$, where $v$ is its velocity and $a$ is a constant proportional to the viscosity of water. From this, one can deduce that if a rock of diameter 2.0 mm falls with terminal velocity, $v$, then a rock of diameter 4.0 mm will fall with terminal velocity .

  Which has the greatest effect otwddj t0(iz)uy3bl) /9soa k5n the flow of fluid through a narrow pipe? That is, if you made a 10% change in eac tz9)dodilb/k3( s t wa5)y0ujh of the quantities below, which would cause the greatest change in the flow rate?

  Two horizontal pipes are the same length, but pipe B has s8 t;stt0 hzvv-s3zy(t79lldtwice the diameter of pipe A. Water undergoes viscous flow in both pipes, subject to thev(9 ; l7h0z t8ty3zlssvtdts- same pressure difference across the lengths of the pipes. If the flow rate in pipe A is Q, what is the flow rate in pipe B?

  Two horizontal pipes have the same diameter, but pipe B is twice as long as pip*p2hb1 gm8h5tn yzqh9 0+p mixe A. Water undergoes viscous flow in both pipes, subject to the same iqhyxz051m+2t*mb 9pph8nh g pressure difference across the lengths of the pipes. If the flow rate in pipe B is Q, what is the flow rate in pipe A?

  When soup gets cold, it often tas;/ hhd tcjw+n.tes greasy. This "greasy" taste seems to be associated with oil spreading out all over the surface of the soup, instead of staying in little globules. To us "physikers", this is readily exp/jn wdhtc.+h;lained in terms of

  When a tube of diameter d is placed in water, the water rises to z*67pk:tww* ez uymo; a height h. If the diameter weruwkewy;* 7zzo:p t*6me half as great, how high would the water rise?

  Certain insects, such as the water bug, are sufficiently lighzovc7 6r4. pgytweight that they can run on top of water without breaking the surface tension. Water bug A has weight W. Water yg 4czr.vo 76pbug B is twice as big as bug A, in all dimensions. That is, bug B is twice as long, twice as wide, etc. What is the weight of bug B?

  Certain insects, such as the wf, s: o,hna-p (maonx/*ylua)ater bug, are sufficiently lightweight that they can run on top of water without hoa:) /yu pmoal* an-x s,(nf,breaking the surface tension. This is possible because the water, due to surface tension, exerts an upward force on the bottom of the bug's feet. Suppose that the maximum possible upward force on the feet of water bug A is F. Now suppose that water bug B is twice as big as bug A in every dimension. That is, bug B is twice as long, twice as wide, etc. What is the maximum upward force on the feet of bug B?

  A plastic block of dimensions 2.00 cm x 3.00 cm x 4.00 cm has a mass of 30.0 g. cr:t 3-n ai3jpos *)dh What is i3o ridn:hatj-s 3)pc *ts density?

  A liquid has a specific gravity of 0.357. What is its denc2aj/)tn+ ibq; ul)k ysity?

  A brick weighs 50.0 N, and measures 30.0 cm x 10.0 cm x 4.00 cm. What is )px6 kmmdikx2 k1oey*d5c(c1 the maximum pressure it can exert on a horizontal surfaceox2 * dk xy)p651mdcmeck1k(i?

  A person weighing 900 N is standing on snowshoes. Each snowshoe has area1se ,wwy g -dnh05exa* $2500 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure on the snow?

  How much pressure (absolute) must a submarine withstand/g 7 d0hajcy-tz2b7h p at a depth of 120.0 m in the ocean?ghyjc27ztadb- p70/h

  A circular window of 30 cm diameter in a submarine can withstand 8,b m,jgn rb.ia maximum force g8,.inb, b jrmof $5.20 \times 10^{5} \; N$. What is the maximum depth in a lake to which the submarine can go without damaging the window?

  What is the gauge pressure if the absolute pbo ybw7 kwfa 013o 7sf5ysf36hressure is 300 kPa?

  What is the gauge pressure at a location 15.0 m below roa/jf/ 0 x*/)a-jj l5 beda,sr6 vtepthe surface of sea? (The density of eje* r,jdo0la vaj r/fx5pab)t /s/6-seawater is $1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  What is the absolute pressure at a location 15.0 m below the surface of sea? js8brzg 6vwu *c/ml4. (The density of seaw c 4zvg8ub6*rjl/s .wmater is $1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  A 500-N weight sits on the small piston of a hydraulic machine. The small piagn01-riy u+ostonagr yn0o i+-1u has area $2.0 \; cm^{2}$. If the large piston has area $40 \; cm^{2}$, how much weight can the large piston support?

  In a hydraulic garage lift, the small piston has kd4t pnp (6-gxa radius of 5.0 cm and the large piston p gpt(6nk dx4-has a radius of 15 cm. What force must be applied on the small piston in order to lift a car weighing 20,000 N on the large piston?

  A 13,000 N vehicle is to be lifted by a 25 cm diameter hydraulic piston. Whatxbt(uutl /*6b force needs to be applied to a 5.0 cm diameter piston tox6(tb /*uub tl accomplish this?

  The small piston of a hydraulic lift has azou:o; sw7b. y0yz3::yft ixilyr0/p diameter of 8.0 cm, and its large piston has a diameter of 40 cm. The lift raises a load of;sy.yipzz bt:3rxy0:u7 / :yl fo i0wo 15,000 N.
(a) Determine the force that must be applied to the small piston    $N$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the pressure applied to the fluid in the lift    $\times 10^5 \; Pa$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A block of metal wei b22 t*iv(8kt x blbt(co::ndoghs 40 N in air and 30 N in water. What is the buoyant force of the wat 2k b vlx::o*bb(it 8octtd(2ner?

  An object has a volume o+zqo96vv p cq:f $4.0 \; m^{3}$ and weighs 40,000 N. What will its weight be in water?

  A 4.00-kg cylinder of solid iron is supported by a string while subm l 5kiztbcw:qo94xq 9 4:r9jhaerged in water. What is the te9 r::b 5xqojk4h9iw4ltz9q ac nsion in the string? (The specific gravity of iron is 7.86.)

  If the density of gold 8i b/u3pjar.8dl i lt(c61dc3c*puubis $19.3 \times 10^3 kg/m^{3}$, what buoyant force does a 0.60-kg gold crown experience when it is immersed in water?

  A crane lifts a steel submarine ;r0tlmd i35 d2loyp2w (density = $7.8 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$) of mass 20,000 kg. What is the tension in the lifting cable (1) when the submarine is submerged, and (2) when it is entirely out of the water?

  An object weighs 7.84gd4r3ah u hpx12t- o2q )zttf5 N when it is in air and 6.86 N when it is immersed in water. What is the specific gravity of the oa2rhoh t -ft2qupt54 1g3 d)xzbject?

  A container of water is pld.j: hoa: nei /a3xe:.yq .gtxaced on a scale, and the scale reads 120 g. Now a 20-g piece of copper (specific gravity = 8.9) is suspended f ehx: ojagiydea:/: n3..xtq.rom a thread and lowered into the water, not touching
the bottom of the container. What will the scale now read?

  A piece of aluminum withwfuc(4g)2 vn;)jnv ab a mass of 1.0 kg and density of $2700 \; kg/m^{3}$ is suspended from a string and then completely immersed in a container of water. The density of water is $1000 \; kg/m^{3}$.
(a) Determine the volume of the piece of aluminum    $\times 10^{-4} \; m^3$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the tension in the string after the metal is immersed in the container of water $N$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A cylindrical rod of length 12 cmibg-y n /:ivp) and diameter 2.0 cm will just barely float in water. What is -)b nvgy:i/ip its mass?

  A rectangular box of negn9x x-dhm w 3b7ici(*yligible mass measures 5.0 m long, 1.0 m wide, and 0.50 m high. How many kilograms of mass can be loa9 w bm7*ihy(ixx-n3 cdded onto the box before it sinks in a lake?

  A $1.0 m^{3}$ object floats in water with 20% of it above the waterline. What does the object weigh out of the water?

  An object floats with half its volume beneathr9fs 8:k+wv cj t2lqg9 the surface of the water. The weight of the displaced water is 2000 N. What is cv:k8 q+ts9glj 2r9fwthe weight of the object?

  A solid object floats in waterx ocpc4-*b( lbes ncdt;-b i3+ with three-fourths of its volume beneath the surface. What is the objectdc(eb- b l+34t;c-x* nobsc ip's density?

  A 200-N object floats with three-fourths of its vo d5 f,gl:6ixqqlume beneath the surface of the water.:6 gxdil,qfq5 What is the buoyant force on the object?

  A polar bear of mass 200 kg stands on ng , z1axmh dd:l4(hb.an ice floe 100 cm thick. What is the minimum area of the floe that will just support the bear in saltwater of specific gravity 1.03? The specific gravity ofmhhn:d,aldz .4xb g 1( ice is 0.98.

  Liquid flows through a pipe of diameter u0p0.;nwmfb - d.ndhn 3.0 cm at 2.0 m/s. Find the flow rate.

  Liquid flows through a 4.0 cm diameter pipe at 1.0 m/s. There is a 2.0 cm di+(dl-5av a s/ mj-e b0ka4egwxb2gjx4ameter restriction in the line. What is the velocity in t +m 024k jjaeda5s/-elg 4vxgwxb(a- bhis restriction?

  Water flows at 12 m/s in airol. 6pnc/ o, horizontal pipe with a pressure of $3.0 \times 10^4 \; N/m^2$. If the pipe widens to twice its original radius, what is the pressure in the wider section?

  How much pressure does it take for a pump :atrco*wh7jt6 v5 gvd ,wvoz9 lx p1q c33;7jrto supply a drinking fountain with 300 kPa, if the fountain is 30.0 m above the pump7 9 j3tqcwvv7o6p z wcgv rd:*oj,5;thalr13 x?

  A hole of radius 1.0 mm occurs in the bpqrrj r1(1z +1vxxep5ottom of a water storage tank that holds water at a depth of 15 m. At what rate will water flow out of the hole+ v rz1e(5xpr 11qrxjp?

  Water flows through a hdd+ l) 8soafq-po y.g)orizontal pipe of cross-sectional area $10.0 \; cm^{2}$ at a pressure of 0.250 atm. The flow rate is $1.00 \times 10^{-3} \; m^{3}/s$. At a valve, the effective cross-sectional area of the pipe is reduced to $5.00 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure at the valve?

  SAE No. 10 oil has a viscosity of 0.20 Pa-s. How long would 2unv oez-xcl4-5ddb5z- y f;y it take to pour 4.0 L of oil through a funnel with a neck 15 cm long and 2.0 cm in diameter? Assume the surface of the oil is kept zyoex5d-d 52 -4y;vlfbczn -u6 cm above the top of the neck, and neglect any drag effects due to the upper part of the funnel.

  Suppose that the build-up of fatty tissue on the wall of an at 2+dsahi l91grtery decreased the radius by 10%. By how much w9ti1 2sg+l dahould the pressure provided by the heart have to be increased to maintain a constant blood flow?

  Two narrow tubes are placed in a pan of water. Tube A has taweb //74q kztwice the diameter of tube B. If water rises 24 cm in tu t4 aqzw/7bek/be A, how high will it rise in tube B?

  The surface tension of water is 0.073 N/m. How high will watefl81o 6x/)2hyslxwg(cb z fx9 r rise in a capillary tucsob/l f)wygf z2xxx6l9h(18be of diameter 1.2 mm?

  232

  To what height would water at 0 degree Celsius rise in a glass capillary tube whd.s: 0-9vni( p hg0evayae9with a d0s9(ep0h de g:wavi yhv9.a-niameter of
0.50 mm?

  A narrow tube is placed vertically in a pan of water,+kx7(nm csp-r(yid1zb, cl-6kwt s8f and the water rises in the tube toirw n 7z1c+bk6dmlsts(8y, (x-fc-pk 4.0 cm above the level of the pan. The surface tension in the liquid is lowered to one-half its original value by the addition of some soap. What happens to the height of the liquid column in the tube?

  Consider a rectangular frame of lengto*x,qttf2imde. 2x)plv4(sah 0.120 m and width 0.600 m with a soap film formed within its confined area. If the surface tension of soapy water is 0.0260 N/m, how much force does the soap film exert on th)ti2sa* o(qd4x2. epx,t mv fle 0.600 m side?

  An adjustable rectangular frame has lenneu7k44 i7 /rbvm( bd0 z.f-ipqof/qagth 12 cm and width 5 cm, and is built in such a way that one of the longer sideqm4b-7 uf4oze7nbr/ v0 d fpiaqk .i(/s can be moved without bursting the soap film contained in the frame. Soapy water has surface tension 0.026 N/m. How much work is required to move the adjustable long side so that the frame is 12 cm square?