The three common phases of mat *7hahrxnq(: lter are

  Density is

  Substance A has a densibug2 kk 6bq5sk4:gzj0ty of $3.0 \; g/cm^{3}$ and substance B has a density of $4.0 \; g/cm^{3}$. In order to obtain equal masses of these two substances, the ratio of the volume of A to the volume of B will be equal to

  Pressure is

  Which of the following is not a unit ofnvb+f2u+ma 7uis6m/n pressure?

  Consider three drinking glasses. All three have the same area base, and all t0 ydpw k61c e+x*lbf)xhree are filled to the same depth with water. Glass A is cylindrical. Glass B is wider at the top than at the bottom, and so holds more waxwdb c pk)+*l0fy6ex1ter than A. Glass C is narrower at the top than at the bottom, and so holds less water than A. Which glass has the greatest liquid pressure at the bottom?

  What is the difference between thei+isu y+l7s4z 3h7pxzk5qidxftv,* 2 pressures inside and outside a tire called?

  When atmospheric pressure changes, what happens to the absolutacd+d eky(iycfn(ge0fa96:0 e pressure at the bot(c9y0eg cef+0d 6ai(dynkaf :tom of a pool?

  You are originally 1.0 m beneath thefubj7l/nh bo;l 9u62c surface of a pool. If you dive to 2.0 m beneath the surface, what happens to the absolute pr lbjb9hc6of ;uu/l2n7essure on you?

State Pascal's principvi-mjj g b+rm)zr0a7+y *9utb le.

State Archimedes' princi 3mfv1ow8vy ,qple.

  $50 \; cm^{3}$ of wood is floating on water, and $50 \; cm^{3}$ of iron is totally submerged. Which has the greater buoyant force on it?

  As a rock sinks deeper and deeper into water of constant density, what happense kks 7m0kb) b7-vi6ix to the bve 6m ksk-i07 ikbbx7)uoyant force on it?

  Salt water has greater density than fresh water. A boat floats iidqnfuf/ 6w,r a+5ue9hs f(3nrehg 5;n both fresh wa / rf5hu(ifg nfws3heu,narq 9;5ed+6ter and in salt water. Where is the buoyant force greater on the boat?

  Salt water is more dense than fres md5g5kl yzbjn*pd7 cw3c*+*ph water. A ship floats in both fresh water and salt water. Compared to the fresh water, the v*dc *pgkbpw5l+5*n3 dj7z mycolume of water displaced in the salt water is

  A steel ball sinks in water but floats ixfv5fh6pe1q0u;/d9a /zvj+tafku 1 qy cp; 9l n a pool of mercury. Where is the buoyant force o/ xffp zucajk e1t6 d9pqq59 ylf;+ v0/uva;1hn the ball greater?

  A 10-kg piece of aluminum smj*-n mtc662 ktz)jskits at the bottom of a lake, right next to a 10-kg piece of lead. Whm- 2nj z6*6kjmkc tst)ich has the greater buoyant force on it?

  A piece of iron rests on tobar,q9voe, x/ r u2t(ep of a piece of wood floating in a bathtub. If the iron is rx(e/ u9otr,,e2 arbqvemoved from the wood, what happens to the water level in the tub?

  A piece of wood is floating in a bathtub. A se: c t xta36*pw72pej(ly0 cuegcond piece of wood sits on top of the first piece, and does not touch the water. If the top piece is taken off and placed in the water, what happy ta7tc(g03c2epejpl x*w6 u:ens to the water level in the tub?

  Water flows through a pipe. The diameter of the pipe a ,y63ocnb( h3xz 9bmdot point B is larger than at point A. Where hbod(xo36z,m cn b39yis the speed of the water greater?

  An ideal fluid flows at 12 m/s in a horizontal fx) ppf8/ki u+pipe. If the pipe widens to twice its original radius, what is the flow speed in pp/)u +8kxffi the wider section?

  An ideal fluid flows at 12 m/s in a horizox9vq,twhuf2t8d x2 ,0 pk;oedntal pipe. If the pipe narrows to half its origina0 ktof9d,2d vxw ; q8et2ph,xul radius, what is the flow speed in the narrower section?

State Bernoulli's princice:i+j8 a4r*7re/ mgteh vbo )ple.

  Which one of the followingy9t5 3 c xl v ge2hu7*x8dqhxy*(s/wle is associated with the law of conservation of energy in f3vudh(e*7/xly*8 5yhtw2x xl 9qges cluids?

  As the speed of a moving fluid increases, the pressure in the fluidomooxlx7m1; +x1vdd+m uo7 f5

  Water flows through a pcdv.e)w19aevb4 u fj +ipe. The diameter of the pipe at point B is larger than at point A. Where is the water pbf9)ue1 vvj4w.de +ac ressure greatest?

  When you blow some air above a , n8.cgjb -u.e igy0wspaper strip, the paper rises. This is because

  A sky diver falls through the air at terminal velocity. The f,utp* gjx pmf7 rk(, 87volbk1orce of air resistance on h kop(lxjb 8uf,gmk7r, vp71t*im is

  Two Styrofoam balls, of radii R and 2R, are released simultaneyy w.2v,u idu2ously from a tall tower. Which will reiuwyuy2,. 2d vach the ground first?

  When a small spherical ro50j6 8rd /me cga7rnpqck of radius r falls through water, it experiences a drag f r87 gac5n0jm6/drqpeorce $F=arv$, where $v$ is its velocity and $a$ is a constant proportional to the viscosity of water. From this, one can deduce that if a rock of diameter 2.0 mm falls with terminal velocity, $v$, then a rock of diameter 4.0 mm will fall with terminal velocity .

  Which has the greatest effect on the flow of fluid thr2ja;fx w(2y7 ; irb )fail.6ee7iouocough a narrow pipe? That is, if you mi2 7ufeb7;;2frcjxy.(laaewo)i 6io ade a 10% change in each of the quantities below, which would cause the greatest change in the flow rate?

  Two horizontal pipes are the same length, but pipe B has twice t528ctv3vr z nohe diameter of pipe A. Water undergoes viscous flow in both pipes, subject to the same pressure difference across the lengths of the pipes. If the flow rate in pipe A is Q, what is the flowtn3vz5r vc8o2 rate in pipe B?

  Two horizontal pipes have the same diameter, but pipe Bw(bz:eih- vn / is twice as long as pipe A. Water undergoes viscous flow in both pipes, subject to the same press/iwz: -bnehv( ure difference across the lengths of the pipes. If the flow rate in pipe B is Q, what is the flow rate in pipe A?

  When soup gets cold, it often tastes grjmtpot 0/vr 8*ca-i1 q( k3o1g:lskbj easy. This "greasy" taste seems to be associated with oil spreading out all over the surface of the soup, instead of staying in little globules. To us "physikers", this is readrp -l tg1k s8bij*v:k03/(1mo cjtoaq ily explained in terms of

  When a tube of diameter d is placed in water, the water rises to a height 41h 4 y)k(sx3vkpuy /amev*r gh. If the diameter were half as great, ho3hvsp*a/ x e(k 4ykm4y1u) vrgw high would the water rise?

  Certain insects, such as the water 1xgb7h ulb+pm3cp)m1 bug, are sufficiently lightweight that they can run on top of water without breaking the surface tension. Water bug A has weight W. Water bug B is twice as big as bug A, in all dimensions. That is,xgupp 7mb 1lc1b+ h)3m bug B is twice as long, twice as wide, etc. What is the weight of bug B?

  Certain insects, such as tej:z(cya k8.x he water bug, are sufficiently lightweight that they can run on top of water without breaking the surface tension. This is possible because the water, due to surface tension, exerts an upward force on texk:z .8yajc( he bottom of the bug's feet. Suppose that the maximum possible upward force on the feet of water bug A is F. Now suppose that water bug B is twice as big as bug A in every dimension. That is, bug B is twice as long, twice as wide, etc. What is the maximum upward force on the feet of bug B?

  A plastic block of dimensions . 2p13uj1yt9e sb0:u8 enr hoeejb7sz2.00 cm x 3.00 cm x 4.00 cm has a mass of 30.0 g. Whate.o s1up92s3b780 ju:1jbyrthze ne e is its density?

  A liquid has a specific gravity of 0.357. What is it ut8.f8 dufse2s density?

  A brick weighs 50.0 N, and measures 30.0 yo q54 atqq ikagx(0pu ;mif--u0(ls 3cm x 10.0 cm x 4.00 cm. What is the maximum30( -qisi5 o;ktf a qgu-yu maqp4x(0l pressure it can exert on a horizontal surface?

  A person weighing 900 N is standing on snowshoes. Each snowshoe has a3fs30 6yg 49lbjg nyxxrea $2500 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure on the snow?

  How much pressure (absolute) must a submarine withstannyr 9unt3l 6mwc7 h+ bt6 t//9fxyk6chd at a depth of 120.0 m in the ocean?k6w + lb97unhrt//x3n thmfy6c9c6t y

  A circular window of 30 cm diameter in a submarine can withstand a maxim he /,2yoots rw:cm 9njm:q(2yum force ,sqth y c:mwj ye (:o/9o2m2nrof $5.20 \times 10^{5} \; N$. What is the maximum depth in a lake to which the submarine can go without damaging the window?

  What is the gauge pressure if the absolute pressure isvl6x(3o /e oto 300 kPa?

  What is the gauge pressure at a location 15.0 m below the surface of sea r6i/;8iugij u? (The density of seawater isi;6ugr/ i j8ui $1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  What is the absolute pressure at a location 15.0 m below t bpt57 qz6wu0wf 8k :dgj-w-bxhe surface of sea? (The density of seawp:5g bq f7-wb -uxtkj08zdww6ater is $1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  A 500-N weight sits on the small piston of a hydraulic machine. l8jj15 yk5jz a-srs3t4v7wniv. 2 ttk The small piston has wi7t5-lkt js2ktr1 j4s8 5.3jzvyna v area $2.0 \; cm^{2}$. If the large piston has area $40 \; cm^{2}$, how much weight can the large piston support?

  In a hydraulic garage lift, the smrn/osbo)p;zh /l-yat ,d(vu; all piston has a radius of 5.0 cm and the large piston has a radius of 15 cm. What force must be applied on the small piston in order to lift a car weighing 20,000 N on thb);p;s o r /uzh,/onyalv td(-e large piston?

  A 13,000 N vehicle is to be lifted ;ozbu ,gz f,j9by a 25 cm diameter hydraulic piston. What force needs to be applied to a 5.0 cm diamu;jb9g oz,,fz eter piston to accomplish this?

  The small piston of a hydraulic lift has a dk/rg :oln z4n4iameter of 8.0 cm, and its large piston has a diameter of 40 cm. The lift raises4 olg4nn :zr/k a load of 15,000 N.
(a) Determine the force that must be applied to the small piston    $N$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the pressure applied to the fluid in the lift    $\times 10^5 \; Pa$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A block of metal weighs 40 N in air and 30 N in water. What is the buoyant forcwf18nocc41 t 2euq)0olbenp*e o4u*nf0bnoqeel8ct 1poc) 2w1f the water?

  An object has a volumn p)cm7rs*7thks:tmz 8 p x d)41*nvmae of $4.0 \; m^{3}$ and weighs 40,000 N. What will its weight be in water?

  A 4.00-kg cylinder of solid iron is sup l6 i y*t1mhhfeu)g*0fkxai5u wn.7)uported by a string while submerged in water. What is the tension in the string? (The specific gravity of *fey7g uuwu5i 1a6 *k.lhx0)nhi)m ftiron is 7.86.)

  If the density of gold6* vg/-har mj ) fwgy/1)evzzb is $19.3 \times 10^3 kg/m^{3}$, what buoyant force does a 0.60-kg gold crown experience when it is immersed in water?

  A crane lifts a steel submark jpgp4q: 46peine (density = $7.8 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$) of mass 20,000 kg. What is the tension in the lifting cable (1) when the submarine is submerged, and (2) when it is entirely out of the water?

  An object weighs 7.84 N when it is in air and 6.86 N whev8sz,y6gm:)c u3lby t n it is immersed in water. What is the specific lgc6ty zv ,y:s)mub83gravity of the object?

  A container of water is placed on a scale, and the scale reads 120 g. Now arxv1pmj ;5c g8 20-g piece of c85x mpvj1; grcopper (specific gravity = 8.9) is suspended from a thread and lowered into the water, not touching
the bottom of the container. What will the scale now read?

  A piece of aluminum with a mass of 1.0 kg and density of9 k1x-7xellojthb+w6 $2700 \; kg/m^{3}$ is suspended from a string and then completely immersed in a container of water. The density of water is $1000 \; kg/m^{3}$.
(a) Determine the volume of the piece of aluminum    $\times 10^{-4} \; m^3$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the tension in the string after the metal is immersed in the container of water $N$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A cylindrical rod of length 12 cm and jzm8 1wg t2ts2diameter 2.0 cm will just barely float in water. What 8w2 1gttzjms2 is its mass?

  A rectangular box of negligible mass measures 5.0 m long, 1.0 m wideg l5c2f; sae6p ovqsrj2hk966 , and 0.50 m high. How many kilograms of mass can be loaded onto the box before it sinks in a la6 s qo259 hf6 epcajsg2rv6kl;ke?

  A $1.0 m^{3}$ object floats in water with 20% of it above the waterline. What does the object weigh out of the water?

  An object floats with half itspl an3/+ra 9r3vj8d4sh o r3rbkmd3c( volume beneath the surface of the water. The weight of the di(v3 3a h3abc+d3 m d/9 ornjskr8plrr4splaced water is 2000 N. What is the weight of the object?

  A solid object floats in water with three-fourths of its volume beneath th:vgw r)bp 6fh;e surface. wg b fvp:6r;)h What is the object's density?

  A 200-N object floats with three-fourths of its volume beneath the surface of tou 5lj;3i0 gtahe water. What is the buoyat30i ; l5gjuaont force on the object?

  A polar bear of mass 200 kg stands 4/:f zoxu ;hg*kmjxdvu7 hy36on an ice floe 100 cm thick. What is the minimum area of the floe that will just support the bear in saltwater of spvu* 7uoh4djx;/xgmkh:6fzy 3ecific gravity 1.03? The specific gravity of ice is 0.98.

  Liquid flows through a pipe of di 3:vhljijnbg53dt*ko;,-)sj r h am)c)pow7xameter 3.0 cm at 2.0 m/s. Find the flow rate.

  Liquid flows through a 4.0 cm diho82mso m o:deq5+6ofameter pipe at 1.0 m/s. There is a 2.0 cm diameter restriction in th2e:mf8 oom+oho d 5sq6e line. What is the velocity in this restriction?

  Water flows at 12 m/s in a horizontal pipe wi1(r8tzkg*zwqu54xle re( c- jth a pressure of $3.0 \times 10^4 \; N/m^2$. If the pipe widens to twice its original radius, what is the pressure in the wider section?

  How much pressure does it tt9xb7+p+ y x)rxdq4 utake for a pump to supply a drinking fountain with 300 kPa, if the fountain is 30.0 m abovr xyd4) tup9x+bx+q 7te the pump?

  A hole of radius 1.0 mm occurs in the bottom of a wat/qv yoi 2wpyo;5n.dp3h hr2h:er storage tank that holds water at a depth of 15 m. At what rate will water fl y2 hv; p:/h3.2y qooipn5hdwrow out of the hole?

  Water flows through a horizontal pipe ofw i6;f8jemw 2w cross-sectional area $10.0 \; cm^{2}$ at a pressure of 0.250 atm. The flow rate is $1.00 \times 10^{-3} \; m^{3}/s$. At a valve, the effective cross-sectional area of the pipe is reduced to $5.00 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure at the valve?

  SAE No. 10 oil has a viscosity of 0.20 Pa-s. How l. )gu e1tkiyu k6 z87ggaxe3-yong would it take to pour 4.0 L of oil through a funnel with a neck 15 cm long and 2.0 cm in diameter? Assume the surface of the oil is kept 6 cm above the top of the neze gt iuug-)x67g 81e.yka3ky ck, and neglect any drag effects due to the upper part of the funnel.

  Suppose that the build-up of fatty tissue on the wall of an artery decreased thee 1 m0wraze 9)ty2,jz/fr:aproj4s u5 radius by 10%. By how much would the pressure provided by the heart have to be increased to maintain a constant blood ta0,mze/4rj:uf 9 w)5s yrrp zeao21jflow?

  Two narrow tubes are lo9t zs,ap9wb ;2 rsn8placed in a pan of water. Tube A has twice the diameter of tube B. If water rises 24 cm in tube A, h9;s2bp9wrz snl ,aot8 ow high will it rise in tube B?

  The surface tension of water is 0.073 N/ svneuc-w-14 w 0gx6rb)2 uqhim. How high will water rise in a capillary tube of diamen6)irv0 xeu4bcu w- -qh1gs 2wter 1.2 mm?

  232

  To what height would water at 0 degree Celsius risfk eod:dmjv8*r s6 *+pe in a glass capillary tube witm:r 8 d*okvs+de*jpf6 h a diameter of
0.50 mm?

  A narrow tube is placed vertically in a pan of water, and the water risegvt,s ;6+koimp gy oap5z 4(l+s in the tube to 4.0 cm above the level of the pan. The surface tension in the liquid is lowered to one-half its original value by the addition of some soap. What happens to the height of the liquid columygg+m+ios p(,;5 lpavt oz 64kn in the tube?

  Consider a rectangular frame of length 0. az0 0toiwvat 5mx,l5/120 m and width 0.600 m with a soap film formed within its confined area. If the surface tensx lv,50t5omtwa0z a/i ion of soapy water is 0.0260 N/m, how much force does the soap film exert on the 0.600 m side?

  An adjustable rectangular frame has length 12 cm and width 5 cm, and is buis0hdp : 5zexn3tq9wz10t -bzw lt in such a way that one of the longer sides can be moved without bursting the soap film contained in the f nd3tbs 0z5:zpt1zwwe-x9 h0qrame. Soapy water has surface tension 0.026 N/m. How much work is required to move the adjustable long side so that the frame is 12 cm square?