The three common phai: ) zf2*: nmladnig,7nhim;eses of matter are

  Density is

  Substance A has a density of 14auf8qqr;(b he te o(a.osf-$3.0 \; g/cm^{3}$ and substance B has a density of $4.0 \; g/cm^{3}$. In order to obtain equal masses of these two substances, the ratio of the volume of A to the volume of B will be equal to

  Pressure is

  Which of the following is not a unit of pressureewin xpsf/vjjk 9-im88v-f;5 ?

  Consider three drinking glasses. All three i, ,zlupn+ 2 c5zie q0ewx()gdhave the same area base, and all three are filled to the same depth with water. Glass A is cylindrical. Glass B is wider at the top than at the botto(gx)wepz+, nd0e2l iq,ciz5um, and so holds more water than A. Glass C is narrower at the top than at the bottom, and so holds less water than A. Which glass has the greatest liquid pressure at the bottom?

  What is the difference between the pressures inside and outsid*jy(xxue)c/6r iwxp5 e a tire called?

  When atmospheric pressure changes, what8 2j)d4,6h smgevgbad happens to the absolute pressure at the bottom of ag6se ,4v bma8)g jddh2 pool?

  You are originally 1.0 m.uo5hp;wh)uj ypx()n beneath the surface of a pool. If you dive to 2.0 m beneath the surfacewupojhuh )yxp.n)5 (;, what happens to the absolute pressure on you?

State Pascal's principlegv 86jgn98 apo.

State Archimedes' prin fvx7t/ls5 u9 6i:wdaxciple.

  $50 \; cm^{3}$ of wood is floating on water, and $50 \; cm^{3}$ of iron is totally submerged. Which has the greater buoyant force on it?

  As a rock sinks deeper and deeper into water of constant densityg(;(yduc v8ao, what happens to the buoyant(d a;yguovc(8 force on it?

  Salt water has greater density than fr drm tjmk; * 79kvx8my6jv)mz)mi/. boesh water. A boat floats in both fresh water and in salt water. Where is the buoyant force mxd*yj v9;r i7 mk )m/6vkt8bmmoz.j)greater on the boat?

  Salt water is more dense than fresh water. A ship floats in both fr+aswisk b a0s8ifxx32n 9gp7: esh water and salt water. Compared to the fresh water, sgix207 ifnw: s+x8bpa9 k s3athe volume of water displaced in the salt water is

  A steel ball sinks in water but floats iv* p-+*qmed yrzstk 0 e3.i/kbn a pool of mercury. Where is the buoyant force on the b i30mkr-s.dy*v* ze /+qkpt beall greater?

  A 10-kg piece of aluminum sits at the bottom of a lake, .;hikqs z-k+l right next to a 10-kg piece of lead. Which has the greater buok;lihq+z-ks. yant force on it?

  A piece of iron rests on top of a piece of wood floating in a bathtu9w7cas5dj0yt k).kx zb. If the iron is a.k5 w9xczy )dsk7t0jremoved from the wood, what happens to the water level in the tub?

  A piece of wood is floating in a bathtub. A second,dcorz v -)-an piece of wood sits on top of the first piece, and does n ando-) zvr,-cot touch the water. If the top piece is taken off and placed in the water, what happens to the water level in the tub?

  Water flows through a pipe. The diameter o wl:(v 3zo/2-4rrexjk q b/4hgrhdu3bf the pipe at point B is larger than at point A. Where is t 34j(rrozxr/he/bb h3vu q dk24lwg:- he speed of the water greater?

  An ideal fluid flows at 12 m/s in a horizontal pipe. If the pipe widens njc84-j b qbx6spms(5to twice its original radius, what is thqsx 5s(b864bj j -pmcne flow speed in the wider section?

  An ideal fluid flows at 12 m/s in a horizontal pipe. If taj0ge3h-im8t wb718m,mn0v mgt s ey/ he pipe narrows to half its original radius, whngbt7 tj,ymhem 038mi0eva18g/ -smw at is the flow speed in the narrower section?

State Bernoulli's princi;vqkayw*u*/ r+ kr6yk :nzsx;ple.

  Which one of the following is associatd3b53 jr,rn )wx d4(ryhl9k tjed with the law of conservation of energy in ry4twh jd9 3r,5(3nrxbj k )ldfluids?

  As the speed of a movaa7: h vsb 2pq 8z0orsu c3rp9t8.jo/ying fluid increases, the pressure in the fluid

  Water flows through a pipe. The diamo(ty:pw,,2 gdmumy ; 8gym wr7eter of the pipe at point B is larger than at point A. Where is t8mw7wyugr ,; gp,mydm:y 2 o(the water pressure greatest?

  When you blow some air above a paper stne xjpt w4/, )qd1k+wbrip, the paper rises. This is because

  A sky diver falls through the air at terminal velocity. The force of air)s+zfjqb:smw; 0d d6 r7t :erc resista+dtfw6sed7b) cs m0 q:;jz: rrnce on him is

  Two Styrofoam balls, of rad.my ( 6fmhk3 j ec)vzhban(v.5ii R and 2R, are released simultaneously from a tall tower. Which will reach the ground firsf .ecnvakb3z 5 hy((j.)hm6 mvt?

  When a small spherical rock of radius r fal9sahy, . sug7rww +dtg *t+p(xls through water, it experiences a drag frawhg(t7yg.duw + xp*,t+s9sorce $F=arv$, where $v$ is its velocity and $a$ is a constant proportional to the viscosity of water. From this, one can deduce that if a rock of diameter 2.0 mm falls with terminal velocity, $v$, then a rock of diameter 4.0 mm will fall with terminal velocity .

  Which has the greatest effect on the flow of fluid through a narr w)lcws)q d0v4r5eta2 ow pipe? That is, if you made a 10% changv0s4tw q2l w))reca5d e in each of the quantities below, which would cause the greatest change in the flow rate?

  Two horizontal pipes are the same length, hyw +*l6,o()d5 yd q8+unzai g,9ajhcl1 dhybbut pipe B has twice the diameter of pipe A. Water undergoes viscous flow in both pipes, subject to the same pressure difference across *)oy1hhwdu nzqca b8+,l(5dy,6 d+i j 9 gyalhthe lengths of the pipes. If the flow rate in pipe A is Q, what is the flow rate in pipe B?

  Two horizontal pipes have the same diameter, but pipe B is twice affpn3g(zt9)9/al juas long as pipe A. Water undergoes viscous flow in both pipes, subject to the same pressure differencen3fzjf l9(t 9)/p gaua across the lengths of the pipes. If the flow rate in pipe B is Q, what is the flow rate in pipe A?

  When soup gets cold, it often tastes greasy. This "greasyqyn n-3vd:: gv" taste seems to be associated with oil spreading out all over the surface of the soup, instead of staying in litt3nvygqn:v- d :le globules. To us "physikers", this is readily explained in terms of

  When a tube of diameter d is pla+cs8pb 7akd i:q6m ew/ced in water, the water rises to a height h. If the diameter wed/6iec b+8m akq7ws:pre half as great, how high would the water rise?

  Certain insects, such as the water bug, are sufficiently lmg ( w d9+f/*o);bsyhsrk; ro:jy+svxi 2u) ytightweight that they can run on top of water without breaking the surface tension. Water bug A has weight W. Water bug B is twice a:) gtf+vxs*h9w+ms( sodb;o 2yrji)uy ;ykr/ s big as bug A, in all dimensions. That is, bug B is twice as long, twice as wide, etc. What is the weight of bug B?

  Certain insects, such as the water bug, are suffmot8xd s 5s++yk1 o,)7lxswpciciently lightweight that they can run on top of water without breaking the surface tension. This is possible because the water, due to surface tension, exerts an us58 7 cxlwtsy,+dmp s o1)+okxpward force on the bottom of the bug's feet. Suppose that the maximum possible upward force on the feet of water bug A is F. Now suppose that water bug B is twice as big as bug A in every dimension. That is, bug B is twice as long, twice as wide, etc. What is the maximum upward force on the feet of bug B?

  A plastic block of dimensions 2.00 cm x 3.00 cm z5ao2l g v2,m(t/ hh, xfpayg 0shew15x 4.00 cm has a mass of 30.0 g. What is its denh 1xpgza(,hevyt/ 02wg5lf,s 2om5 ha sity?

  A liquid has a specific gravity of b x*y)1+nzrcw fe9g1o0.357. What is its density?

  A brick weighs 50.0 N, and measures 30.0 cm ggadxz0u p,r(f79fy t2*)xyb x 10.0 cm x 4.00 cm. What is the maximum pressure it can9atxxz0 f,y*g 7y fgrbup d2)( exert on a horizontal surface?

  A person weighing 900 Nhi w*2e;ny6xbwp8f e5 is standing on snowshoes. Each snowshoe has area $2500 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure on the snow?

  How much pressure (absoi i gs0i-2tyinbv8g73lute) must a submarine withstand at a depth of 120.0 m in the o07igbsy2 -8viti ng 3icean?

  A circular window of 30 cm diameter in a submarine can witglj uevgr*8;6mn 0 m3hhstand a maximum forcej8*glh u v3m rgnme60; of $5.20 \times 10^{5} \; N$. What is the maximum depth in a lake to which the submarine can go without damaging the window?

  What is the gauge pressure iu /b,2hv;6qrj l6k q6hjzf ig;f the absolute pressure is 300 kPa?

  What is the gauge pressure at a location 15.0 m below2 s4,gg5rf0 j*ij+r wwqpv )ln the surface of sea? (The density of seawater isr 2nw4jwf*rqp0lg,j+si) 5vg $1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  What is the absolute pressure at a location 15.0 m below the surface of yb n/*4 p/exj uq(fp6nsea? (The density of se*/(/ y 4 qxepun6nfpjbawater is $1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  A 500-N weight sits on the small piston of a hydraulic machine. 2kz+nsii+7kmop w o ar,, 2qk3The small piston has a moqp+ z2wk3rk27 ni i,oa,sk+rea $2.0 \; cm^{2}$. If the large piston has area $40 \; cm^{2}$, how much weight can the large piston support?

  In a hydraulic garage lift, the small piweoa72az+ 4r lston has a radius of 5.0 cm and the large piston has a radius of 15 cm. What force must be applied on the small pisaol7 ze+24ra wton in order to lift a car weighing 20,000 N on the large piston?

  A 13,000 N vehicle is to be lifted b1 fc7to rkei *xs,ow(.gqurhc ),4iz) y a 25 cm diameter hydraulic piston. What force needs to be applied to a 5.0 cm diameter piston to accomplish this?uwi 4rok(*.1rcxoqz, )i e )th,fg 7sc

  The small piston of a hydraulic lift has a diamete9v8(bxld qcm4 r of 8.0 cm, and its large piston has a diameter of 40 cm. The livqdcbx 8(49ml ft raises a load of 15,000 N.
(a) Determine the force that must be applied to the small piston    $N$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the pressure applied to the fluid in the lift    $\times 10^5 \; Pa$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A block of metal weighs 40 N in air and 30 N in water. What is the bu:g7:)nl:ox9ao7 veca a dwjd -oyant forcoj):ocw: -7 lnadxda:a97e gve of the water?

  An object has a volume of on74,bf6f ha66qzzu 4h( w r6bqc+zzj $4.0 \; m^{3}$ and weighs 40,000 N. What will its weight be in water?

  A 4.00-kg cylinder of solid iron is supported by a string50d.ncin 8mp9e:6 pnz/nsr vd while submerged in water. What is the tensisn riv8c:.nem z /pd6d95p nn0on in the string? (The specific gravity of iron is 7.86.)

  If the density of gollrda, wzb 4k**sg4 j9dd is $19.3 \times 10^3 kg/m^{3}$, what buoyant force does a 0.60-kg gold crown experience when it is immersed in water?

  A crane lifts a steel submarine (denswfoksflvc kf1(t v: u.;0/q6dity = $7.8 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$) of mass 20,000 kg. What is the tension in the lifting cable (1) when the submarine is submerged, and (2) when it is entirely out of the water?

  An object weighs 7.84 N when t+res h21evj;j2bes/ it is in air and 6.86 N when it is immersed in water. What is the specifictb+e;j2se v2r e /sh1j gravity of the object?

  A container of water is placed on a scale, and the s(ytl eb a3(et)cale reads 120 g. Now a 20-g piece of copper (specific gravity = 8.9) (3 by(e)ta lteis suspended from a thread and lowered into the water, not touching
the bottom of the container. What will the scale now read?

  A piece of aluminum with a mass of 1.0 kg and dekwejcb;q:hsq6 i9va/ .q vf:1nsity of $2700 \; kg/m^{3}$ is suspended from a string and then completely immersed in a container of water. The density of water is $1000 \; kg/m^{3}$.
(a) Determine the volume of the piece of aluminum    $\times 10^{-4} \; m^3$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the tension in the string after the metal is immersed in the container of water $N$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A cylindrical rod of length 12 cm and diamed7 uto-xgo+;-vf iyw6)mm e- hter 2.0 cm will just barely float in water. What is its ut6iwx -)-m+ yeh ;fdoo-vgm7mass?

  A rectangular box of negligible mass measures 5.0 m long, 1.0 m wide, and 0 b2* o2k,jewta.50 m high. How many kilogra *2,eok2 abjwtms of mass can be loaded onto the box before it sinks in a lake?

  A $1.0 m^{3}$ object floats in water with 20% of it above the waterline. What does the object weigh out of the water?

  An object floats with half its volume beneath the surface of the water. Thefkfr- 2:6f)lj; gwdca d2zdkqvt4 k 1j2va9w* weight of the displaced water is 2000 N. What iw;v d1v6a dw-2dq ck)fkf 2a k*j4t:zfgjr9l2s the weight of the object?

  A solid object floats in water with three-fourths of 2dffc3 xg-j zj+kdp36 its volume beneath the surface. What is the obddkf2jc633 x- g p+jfzject's density?

  A 200-N object floats with threei4k8t jhmje 41 d5ya-j-fourths of its volume beneath the surface of the water. What is the buoyant ftkjy i dj4h8-4am1e j5orce on the object?

  A polar bear of mass 200 kg stands on8 6ktnwhcdi:lk9+ x6 k an ice floe 100 cm thick. What is the minimum area of the floe that will just support the bear in saltwater of specif :k8tni+hckdl k6xw69 ic gravity 1.03? The specific gravity of ice is 0.98.

  Liquid flows through a pipe of diameter 3.0 cm at 2.0b o0r( mui;yy8 m/s. Find the flow rate.

  Liquid flows through a 4.0 cc6 k nyoxk)(5g1cwcw:m diameter pipe at 1.0 m/s. There is a 2.0 cm diameter restriction in the line. What is the velocity in this rest5oycc:w)kwxg( 6nkc1 riction?

  Water flows at 12 m/s vqa53+2z 9 l cn1oj3 o8b6todlb(asefwsk 4w+in a horizontal pipe with a pressure of $3.0 \times 10^4 \; N/m^2$. If the pipe widens to twice its original radius, what is the pressure in the wider section?

  How much pressure does it take for a pump to supply a drinking fountain w/hyu5 jr .mwrrav k50;ith 300 kPa, if the fouh0my.wrv;k5r j/u 5ar ntain is 30.0 m above the pump?

  A hole of radius 1.0 mm occurs in the bottom of a wateo+c,67pxxf 7r1xc nokr storage tank that holds water at a depth of 15 m. At what rate will water f6opc1 co f,xkx7nr7+xlow out of the hole?

  Water flows through a horizontal pipe of crosd4kk+ goj5fl , .8agtps-sectional area $10.0 \; cm^{2}$ at a pressure of 0.250 atm. The flow rate is $1.00 \times 10^{-3} \; m^{3}/s$. At a valve, the effective cross-sectional area of the pipe is reduced to $5.00 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure at the valve?

  SAE No. 10 oil has a viscosity of 0.20 Pa-s. How long would it take to po3e/ 4mq0mxuc+myw (pbyw 5uzta0.c-dur 4.0 L of oil through a funnel with a neck 15 cm long and 2.0 cm in diameter? m wp e-wc0byqu y0( 5.4xcmt+a3 zmu/dAssume the surface of the oil is kept 6 cm above the top of the neck, and neglect any drag effects due to the upper part of the funnel.

  Suppose that the build-up of fatty tissue on the wall of an artery decreac.+3brfgpjm4e c3xuoqur+3z j ,k4 t*sed the radius by 10+rz3bpjg *u x.44+ e3jf,ut qk3 rcmoc%. By how much would the pressure provided by the heart have to be increased to maintain a constant blood flow?

  Two narrow tubes are placed in a pan of water. Tube A h ;foasd3 et p**tsz 70mosgp+5as twice the diameter of tube B. If water ris7s oot 3sfm5gt p0sa+;p*ed*z es 24 cm in tube A, how high will it rise in tube B?

  The surface tension of wm8k7 r:um7zitbs. i2zater is 0.073 N/m. How high will water rise in a capillary tube ofk. 2u:b rzi7sz7 mtim8 diameter 1.2 mm?

  232

  To what height would6mjb o)g42ifr water at 0 degree Celsius rise in a glass capillary tube with a dia)ijmf b 2g4o6rmeter of
0.50 mm?

  A narrow tube is placed vertically in a pan of water, and the water rises in y(f fut4z 4d 5cj6kgj:g*kf;ithe tube to 4.0 cm above the level of the pan. The surface tension in the liquid is lowered to one-half its original value by the afkugf (j6 tfkizc 5* g;:jd44yddition of some soap. What happens to the height of the liquid column in the tube?

  Consider a rectangular framezm0ny6, zcw x -*w.itd8ec)e c of length 0.120 m and width 0.600 m with a soap film formed within its confined area. If the surface tension of soapy water is 0. tyz0-ix)* mcww.ez6 ,cdc8 en0260 N/m, how much force does the soap film exert on the 0.600 m side?

  An adjustable rectangwxc857ffc .n(s wj-iwt9zst 9 ular frame has length 12 cm and width 5 cm, and is built in such a way that one of the longer sides can be moved without bursting the soap film contained in the frame. Soapy water has surface tension 0.026 N/m. How much work is requwx-7 .f w98 wci 9tss5f(jcntzired to move the adjustable long side so that the frame is 12 cm square?