The three common phases oj gk u;n5(tqk1f matter are

  Density is

  Substance A has a densi5;f,ph , vwblyty of $3.0 \; g/cm^{3}$ and substance B has a density of $4.0 \; g/cm^{3}$. In order to obtain equal masses of these two substances, the ratio of the volume of A to the volume of B will be equal to

  Pressure is

  Which of the following is not a uo,3,d o9m rhvy:icn ;uct w9e7nit of pressure?

  Consider three drinking glasses. All t(s/yh2mm v5k4 ukka8btz9y q4hree have the same area base, and all three are filled to the same depth with water. Glass A is cylindrical. Glass B is wider at the top than at the bottom, and so holds yk(qmu4bt4may52k8 9kz/ hvsmore water than A. Glass C is narrower at the top than at the bottom, and so holds less water than A. Which glass has the greatest liquid pressure at the bottom?

  What is the difference between the pressures inside and outside a tire called?+1 b/jwy5 uea64s1aeqs 9 ao;kgxpr 7f

  When atmospheric pressure changes, what n c36a ;vu1sf(eyxx+ n5yesq cen)e1/happens to the absolute pressure at the bottom of a pool?cuc5eqenv xse) 1;s+/xan6( y3 yen f1

  You are originally 1.0 m beneath the surface of a pool. If youg ;oa/g*yfizn9w+ fg3b5qfa( d 2ejj3 dive to 2.0 m beneath the sur3( d2jn3qgafwgf9 zjy ob*/+gaife5 ;face, what happens to the absolute pressure on you?

State Pascal's princip7ffs 8gx49ad nle.

State Archimedes' prac k t,l/l,o*2vfbjv3inciple.

  $50 \; cm^{3}$ of wood is floating on water, and $50 \; cm^{3}$ of iron is totally submerged. Which has the greater buoyant force on it?

  As a rock sinks deeper and deeper into water of constant densi g7sd do: 1f )8eq7kvo2po)vdnb5x7uxty, what happens to the buoyant force onvx72s8x kooonbp) ev7q) 5f1 udgd7d: it?

  Salt water has greater ds3 b4g5l3sfar ensity than fresh water. A boat floats in both fresh water and in salt water. Where is the buoyant force greater53 fasbgs4 l3r on the boat?

  Salt water is more dense than fresh water. A sh*w:o.iged: ( ,wcpon vip floats in both fresh water and salt water. Compared to the fresh water, the volume of water di wwve,oc og:dpn*.(i: splaced in the salt water is

  A steel ball sinks in water but floats in a pool of mercury. Where is the buoya(l) f/8zhc4xes5ee .d aiva ol0jri+py bg65 2nt force on th8ch4a2g ro5)v(iee i6lj5dp la0 +ze/b.sfyx e ball greater?

  A 10-kg piece of aluminum sits at the bottom of a lake, right next t tqgm/bvb0 t48o a 10-kg piece of lead. Whiq04 b8vgtmt/ bch has the greater buoyant force on it?

  A piece of iron rests on top of a piece of wood floating in a bathtub. avty9+ 8sz u2yn4/u ptIf the iron is su+4t28yzvup9 y n/ta removed from the wood, what happens to the water level in the tub?

  A piece of wood is floating in a bathtub. A second pit)a)z s6ybo)nikh(-*:g-2ay 0s m j wca bo4jnece of wood sits on top of the first piece, and does not touch n 0*bza6ntk -)ibjo y s2hajy( om )sa-cw:4)gthe water. If the top piece is taken off and placed in the water, what happens to the water level in the tub?

  Water flows through a pipe. mm;*f-1f1lvsp)xx yp yv3 1vh The diameter of the pipe at point B is larger than at point A. Wxy 1x13f mm*ph1v;yvlf)sv p -here is the speed of the water greater?

  An ideal fluid flows at 12 m/s in a mo2ep4**n vbw t3mo9,rzcfd4 f14 if xhorizontal pipe. If the pipe widens to twice its original radius, what is the flow speed in the wibd*2p9 t f 4f, omi4v1wmc4*nfzxoer3der section?

  An ideal fluid flows at 12d*-yqorp (3jmxp ot.*1i ak0o m/s in a horizontal pipe. If the pipe narrows to half its original radius, what is the flow speed y0(dxi -pra*o .pjkt1 *qo 3moin the narrower section?

State Bernoulli's principudu) t+ml4l5 t-rc z*nn6k.iple.

  Which one of the following is associated with the law of+)gbpz5vfoa ; conservation of energy )o +zpab5gv f;in fluids?

  As the speed of a moviyxipzd541z7zads u0wu.dv1 : s6gtf1ng fluid increases, the pressure in the fluid

  Water flows through a pipe. Tz (qa0ffrgm;. be7:sghe diameter of the pipe at point B is larger than at point A. Where is the water press.7z gf:fabg0 ( s;meqrure greatest?

  When you blow some air above a paper strip, the paper rises. Th2c60 to:c oqxe xpta:8is is because

  A sky diver falls through the air at terminal velocity. The force ogb7pv-x h *6*fbvoq2nf air resistance on h7x o6v*-b nqhv f2bp*gim is

  Two Styrofoam balls, of radii R and 2gf.f,d:an cqkbs- x1* R, are released simultaneously from a tall tower. *g, f aq:bscn-1dk.xf Which will reach the ground first?

  When a small spherical rock of :*h4xodwvvt+a y n)i) radius r falls through water, it experiences a drag force ) )n+da:wxy h*otvi4 v$F=arv$, where $v$ is its velocity and $a$ is a constant proportional to the viscosity of water. From this, one can deduce that if a rock of diameter 2.0 mm falls with terminal velocity, $v$, then a rock of diameter 4.0 mm will fall with terminal velocity .

  Which has the greatest effect on the flow oevvg46cz94)t4l wf7fzz d5 paf fluid through a narrow pipe? That is, if you made a 10% change in each of the quantities below, which would cause the greatest zvplz)v44 wfade g9c64tz5f7change in the flow rate?

  Two horizontal pipes are the same length, but pipe B has twicexgh+lvff7 14rt. 2qh q the diameter of pipe A. Water undergoes viscous flow in both pipes, subject to th4g vq rf lt+h7qh.x1f2e same pressure difference across the lengths of the pipes. If the flow rate in pipe A is Q, what is the flow rate in pipe B?

  Two horizontal pipes have the same diameter, but pipe B is twicz42) i lf( 5qjh jug-r0oujaa0e as long as pipe A. Water undergoes viuu25j)0q -fha g4z 0aoljjri( scous flow in both pipes, subject to the same pressure difference across the lengths of the pipes. If the flow rate in pipe B is Q, what is the flow rate in pipe A?

  When soup gets cold, it often tastes greasy. This "grea (bblbvn-9.f 7+eke sqfm2: x 6ugn2wqsy" taste seems to be associated with oil spreading out all over the surface of the soup, instead of staying in little globules. To us "physikers", this is reaqem ebblwnfq2 x7v.-(96+ nbu :gkfs2dily explained in terms of

  When a tube of diameter d is placed in water, tp(xa4b+c hc.joq tnjb 5n,(5ghe water rises to a height h. If the diameter were half as great, ho4p( hxoccj+bjnb tg a .55n,q(w high would the water rise?

  Certain insects, such as the water bug, are s/;kxh* azh/dmax5sta1 0o j:y-m3gbeufficiently lightweight that they can run on top of water without breaking the surface tension. Water bug A has weight W. Water bug B is twice as big as bug A, in all dimensiohmadtzx/ay:1o /hjs b;m k0-xga*5e3ns. That is, bug B is twice as long, twice as wide, etc. What is the weight of bug B?

  Certain insects, such as the water b5i 4in . kaqqd-ilwp96(p bsf)ug, are sufficiently lightweight that they can run on top of water without breaking the surface tension. This is possible because the water, due to surface tension, exerts an upward force on the bottom of the bug's feet. Suppose that the maximum possible upward force on the feet of water bug A is F. Now suppose that water bug B is twice as big as bug A in every dimension. That is, bug B is twice as long, twice as wide,dp)in i-q4p.96ilw 5kq(afs b etc. What is the maximum upward force on the feet of bug B?

  A plastic block of dimensions 2.00 cm (ko)cqo u40y)pwd ge2x 3.00 cm x 4.00 cm has a mass of 30.0 g. What is iqy04d g w)() okpoe2cuts density?

  A liquid has a specific gravity of 08ia arrjd9gpqtk6o79sqj6 9h j4ou: 5 .357. What is its density?

  A brick weighs 50.0 N, and measurei p5n lyi )t(,+5wbkehs 30.0 cm x 10.0 cm x 4.00 cm. What is the maximum pressure it can lkpnw i(,e+b )i 5hyt5exert on a horizontal surface?

  A person weighing 900 N is standing on snowsqbp4(quh 0(kj hoes. Each snowshoe has area $2500 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure on the snow?

  How much pressure (absolute) must ;z*/jw ,b5)gqnixxhd a submarine withstand at a depth of 120.0 m in the oj5xw) /n,*xg i;qdzbh cean?

  A circular window of 30 cm diameter in a submarine can withstand a maximum forces7j r-h h0thdq( q:ms8 of rq7hq 8s hjt0(m-: hds$5.20 \times 10^{5} \; N$. What is the maximum depth in a lake to which the submarine can go without damaging the window?

  What is the gauge pressure if the absolute pressure is 300 kPa?g,0*0y0 kfs qs idxbcg+jcc1/

  What is the gauge pressure at a location 15.0 myl9fh x:wy+ rtrar 4+m.y/6f s below the surface of sea? (The density of seawaterf:+mxhl6s+9y y/ rt4rawyr f. is $1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  What is the absolute pressure at a location 15.0epjg k k63ac47 m below the surface of sea? (The density of s p 4cekgk63aj7eawater is $1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  A 500-N weight sits on the small piston of a hydawaf+n q1g4 (rraulic machine. The small piston h+nq4 1aag( fwras area $2.0 \; cm^{2}$. If the large piston has area $40 \; cm^{2}$, how much weight can the large piston support?

  In a hydraulic garage lift, the small piston has a radius7x:cz fhgh q;7)p:cp p +jqd6y of 5.0 cm and the large pistqhy qpf x; 7gz7jdc:p+p6h):con has a radius of 15 cm. What force must be applied on the small piston in order to lift a car weighing 20,000 N on the large piston?

  A 13,000 N vehicle is to be lifted by a 25 cm diameter hydraulb*p-+t.4 l; lhn2 uolbbpz t)hic piston. What force needs to be hlz+2ohbbtt 4nppulb;)-*l .applied to a 5.0 cm diameter piston to accomplish this?

  The small piston of a hydraulic lift has a diameter of 8.0 cm, (b0k (vf2 q8nmw. itzdand its large piston has a diameter of 40 cm. The lift raises a load of 15,0(vw.2im0b(tfnzk8d q00 N.
(a) Determine the force that must be applied to the small piston    $N$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the pressure applied to the fluid in the lift    $\times 10^5 \; Pa$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A block of metal weighs 40 N int-ukep55 xaew., gs5h air and 30 N in water. What is the buoyant force okt gu5.5p e-h5swa, exf the water?

  An object has a volumews*:q at2m0mxxt r7c99l:h v z of $4.0 \; m^{3}$ and weighs 40,000 N. What will its weight be in water?

  A 4.00-kg cylinder of solid ironpe9q5h;obd(twjb :i:e92rneb0. p sn is supported by a string while submerged in water. What is the tension in the string? (The specific n5sirjq0 wbp92p.(dee b noeb::9th;gravity of iron is 7.86.)

  If the density of gold *h k6e pf4b5(so y5g syyeua)u3msh (djz,h+0is $19.3 \times 10^3 kg/m^{3}$, what buoyant force does a 0.60-kg gold crown experience when it is immersed in water?

  A crane lifts a steel submarine (dens3 khss -bg).e ogks*xt;nn4n/ity = $7.8 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$) of mass 20,000 kg. What is the tension in the lifting cable (1) when the submarine is submerged, and (2) when it is entirely out of the water?

  An object weighs 7.84 N when it is in air and 6.86 N when it is imme9qv)k(wrz8g;/suafb 7pn* d vrsed in water. What;7wrgdq/us*pfb vz ka9n() 8v is the specific gravity of the object?

  A container of water is placed on a scale, and the scale reads 120 )3xgekn9wrbt+a6lida8 gp 8; g. Now a 20-g piece of copper (specific gravity = 8.9) is suspended from a thr ;8t gb6agnk8+ar ip)lwxe39dead and lowered into the water, not touching
the bottom of the container. What will the scale now read?

  A piece of aluminum with a mass of 1.0 kg and dex *9pd /w7fyuensity of $2700 \; kg/m^{3}$ is suspended from a string and then completely immersed in a container of water. The density of water is $1000 \; kg/m^{3}$.
(a) Determine the volume of the piece of aluminum    $\times 10^{-4} \; m^3$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the tension in the string after the metal is immersed in the container of water $N$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A cylindrical rod of length) /bj /dyk*evy 12 cm and diameter 2.0 cm will just barely float in water. Wh)y/d v/*be kjyat is its mass?

  A rectangular box of negligible mass measul yw 6i+su,7 a+x 2lyff3wpr1qres 5.0 m long, 1.0 m wide, and 0.50 m high. 2,w lyl pr +6xus1fqw7iyf+a3 How many kilograms of mass can be loaded onto the box before it sinks in a lake?

  A $1.0 m^{3}$ object floats in water with 20% of it above the waterline. What does the object weigh out of the water?

  An object floats with half its volume beneath the s1 s7n)3i.+ih a 9x ejix70gylakgkwi/ urface of the water. The weigh 7 ikl0j+y1xgas 9iw.aik)/h ng7xi3et of the displaced water is 2000 N. What is the weight of the object?

  A solid object floats in water with three-fov -rb4)rh:b onurths of its volume beneath the surf rh)vrob-b n:4ace. What is the object's density?

  A 200-N object floats with three-fourths of :lb2, uxg/* i,rj.rwi rk0i fmits volume beneath the surface of thrlm*r2fi, iu/,.jr :k xgwi b0e water. What is the buoyant force on the object?

  A polar bear of mass 200 kg stands on an ice floe 100 cm thick. l,j4)kn yp-yjWhat is the minimum area of the floe that will just support the bear in saltwater of specific j4yyj l,)-p nkgravity 1.03? The specific gravity of ice is 0.98.

  Liquid flows through a pipe of diameter 3.0 cm at 2.0 m/s. Find the flow rateoz tp 53eme*z4.

  Liquid flows through a 4.0 cm diameter pipe at 1.0 m/s. There is a 2.0 cm dialtkg,mp; m89q. c yw-wmeter restrict8 ;w p9qgy.-kmw mtcl,ion in the line. What is the velocity in this restriction?

  Water flows at 12 m/s in a horizontal pipe with a pressurn;bk 740pp9kjrp5f y. zptuw+ czd ;y6e of $3.0 \times 10^4 \; N/m^2$. If the pipe widens to twice its original radius, what is the pressure in the wider section?

  How much pressure does it -0qfvzns;g:vw0ik;y take for a pump to supply a drinking fountain with 300 kPa, i -k:zwny0gv f;qi0 s;vf the fountain is 30.0 m above the pump?

  A hole of radius 1.0 mm occurs in the bottom of atw--2l8q aw ppwj xww2ju* :d/chc)( d water storage tank that holds water jl/q)c 2ax-:pwh8* cwdp w2wut( djw-at a depth of 15 m. At what rate will water flow out of the hole?

  Water flows through a horizontal pipe o1wxltnv0;m,1*lkkdjvl gp/00s /i hmf cross-sectional area $10.0 \; cm^{2}$ at a pressure of 0.250 atm. The flow rate is $1.00 \times 10^{-3} \; m^{3}/s$. At a valve, the effective cross-sectional area of the pipe is reduced to $5.00 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure at the valve?

  SAE No. 10 oil has a viscosity of 0.20 Pa-s. How long would it take to pouslp0okdp56 hok 577 s0q kqni1r 4.0 L of oil through a funnel with a neck 15 cm long and 2.0 cm in diameter? Assume the surface of the oil is kept 6 cm above the top of the neck, and neglect any drag effects due t lpko5 spq7500si71qkhnod k 6o the upper part of the funnel.

  Suppose that the build-up ei rud 3ajyf3)*2 ksd8of fatty tissue on the wall of an artery decreased the radius by 10%. By how much would the pressure provided by the heart have to be increased to maintain a constsfd3 uerkd *2aj)i3 y8ant blood flow?

  Two narrow tubes are placed in a 3bd0krvw0(bn),so sl pan of water. Tube A has twice the diameter of tube B. If water rises 24 cm in tu3b,nlo 0)wdbvs(k sr0 be A, how high will it rise in tube B?

  The surface tension of water is 0.073 N/m. H8prw1jm vtdj93me m6 9q 9xaw)ow high will water rise in a capillary tube o xp9j9)8wvjmamw61dem9 r3 tqf diameter 1.2 mm?

  232

  To what height would water at 0 degree Celsius ri d-ozsw.0y* uhse in a glass capillary tube with a d 0-.zdu*sywhoiameter of
0.50 mm?

  A narrow tube is placed vertically in a pan of wa c5q /mwiu1i4z/ou e;ater, and the water rises in the tube to 4.0 cm above the level of the pan. The surface tension in the liquid is lowered to one-half its original value by the addition of some soap. What happens to the height of the liquid column in thu;/i5 oq wz41uei/ac me tube?

  Consider a rectangular frazxmllx u(/mqooy,k r897 1f +ume of length 0.120 m and width 0.600 m with a soap film formed within its confined area. If the surface tension of soapy water is 0.0260 N/m, how much force does the soap filk omu9xxlrzy8/(o qm,f 71l+um exert on the 0.600 m side?

  An adjustable rectangular frame has length 12 cm and width 5 cm,a ,;u-r /svdlw and is built in such a way that one of the longer sides cawrlv,/-sda; un be moved without bursting the soap film contained in the frame. Soapy water has surface tension 0.026 N/m. How much work is required to move the adjustable long side so that the frame is 12 cm square?