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习题练习:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity



 作者: physics   总分: 61分  得分: _____________

答题人: 匿名未登录  开始时间: 23年05月01日 10:24  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are riding in a spaceship that has no window:wth 4wor (*y sh*e,vis, radios, or other means for you to observe or measure what is outside. You wish toi*y,hvt( :o heww4rs * determine if the ship is stopped or moving at constant velocity. What should you do?

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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The Michelson-Morley experiment wy;io fc0nl +64nku)nwas designed to measure

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Michelson and Morley concluded from the results of their ef4lb+iq wcc z/:khp-05sn i 5qxperiment that

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You can build an interferometer yourself if you use the following com- de;+aneoxdlyn3q3d1.v s-mponents:

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5#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the relativity p2c ;yxq,iq;c urinciple.
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6#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the three unprovable assumptions of Galilean- :si7gg3 .qti0njltn2Newtonian relativity.
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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The theory of special reqs t1sw ,czz;6lativity

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of Einstein's postulates in formulating the special theory of w; uy)2, (5ry zhvu0axv ,rsydrelativity was that the laws o yhr,d 0;z sy(a5wxuvu) vyr2,f physics are the same in reference frames that

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9#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first postulate of stedw /4 q;xwgb)uu bh+;yev05pecial relativity.
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10#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second postulate of special relativi73o44yi w; q wb(vfdrsty.
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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If you were to measure your pulsuj)/,,v8 wboc0f/ubp:xhi p fe rate while in a spaceship moving away from the Sun at a speed close to the speed of light, you would find bfub0: h )i/ju/8fvco,px,pw that it was

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observer, a m vu3x/b g/hds/oving clock

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The gamma factor is defined6jm(ppub ;x7p as $\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Suppose one twin takes a ride in a spa.mzysm3ck6q i+1 u xg;ce ship traveling at a very high speed to a ds6k+.y mg1;icxq mu3 zistant star and back again, while the other twin remains on Earth. The twin that remained on Earth predicts that the astronaut twin is

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observer, a movidolu gipdzthz2y* 42,. e+i7u ng object

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its lengpk vty* .d;sb+th with a velocity that approaches the velocity of ligh.+tpyb; sdkv* t. The width of this object, as measured by a stationary observer,

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its length with a ve:hyiz3ra/)g4udin; ;f. z* fr n dsti3locity that approaches the velocity of light. The le 3).ddt y4:;nzinira3f/*ur;sgzfi hngth of this object, as measured by a stationary observer,

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of517yr u+remu r light, the mass of the particure75 r+rmu1y le

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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of ligh v4zx)69pz*bkrq iw b5t, the momentum of the partib)z qr*v5 6bzpw4 ikx9cle

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spear is thrown by you at a very high speed. As it passes, you measuh+fsky 7 w0dm,z; y0aare its length at one-half its normal length. From this measurement, you fysz0wmahy0, +;a7kdconclude that the moving spear's mass must be

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the kinetic energy of r vk wy (vh wzhl )i(in7-0)qbby,72wta speedy proton when its relativistic mass dwhwnv(vqbyr(2wkih- ,7 z )lit)b70youbles?

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the total relativistic energy of a speedy pro*)tw /dp fi+xh(n;81 c xsfrxvton when its relativistic mass doub it8n xfsr*p v;c )(hxw1x+d/fles?

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23#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider a particle of mas/ qnb)n a,e /xw(j(8 ucbd0 vzpxdeel2)g x,7vs $m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two spaceships, each traveling at 0.50c inwam 9 v(tzi*t2 a straight line. Ship A is moving directly away from the Sun and ship B is approaching the Sun. The science officers on each ship measure the velocity of light coming from the Sun. t9i t* wzamv2(What do they measure for this velocity?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which of the following depends u+3e1vhb qr,6nx1oc z lm 2uo1on the observer's frame of reference?

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26#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the velocity of your spaceship increases, you woulhwv1 sc5; nt,ed observe

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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. v/y* jq-sj8x h With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing 8hq v/sjjx- y*at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading upstream?

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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, relative to the -jrlt 8qbjz+5 shore, does it move in a river tha r-z5jbqt8l j+t is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading downstream?

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. Withgj,bl.lck;w a2 p)4h7:wq gbuki+ ss7c; (ypi what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river thapw;jly 7aigpb;)g c u .4b(,ihlks +cs:w7q2 kt is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading straight across the river?

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast should a moviqr bqua4fh+a 8wmh0 r, kyc/jc;dy,)0ng clock travel if it is to be observed by a stationary observer as running at one-half its normal rat 84,hwr0yr)ma jcd y +a,b/;q0qkchuf e?

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31#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship takes a nonstop jou; n6 ufwk mywc7i0lq.0rney to a planet and returns in 10 hours according to a clock on the spaceship.l i0.q 6wn k;m7yw0ucf If the speed of the spaceship is 0.80c, how much time has elapsed on the Earth?

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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A set of twins, Andrea and Courtney, are initially 10 years old. While ted9 cs 063wfne4+jhe Courtney remains on Earth, Andrea rides on a space shwt64dee0e hj sn 9f3+cip which travels away from Earth at a speed of 0.6c for five years (as measured by Courtney), then turns around and comes back at 0.6c. When Andrea returns, Courtney is 20 years old. How old is Andrea upon her return?

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One 20-year-old twin brother takes a space trip with a speedq 0(2eqn+auc5ov ioa ; of 0.80c for 30 years according to a clock on the spaceship. Upon returning to the Earth, what is ae2o0n o( q+va5uci;qhis own age and the age of the Earth-based twin brother?

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A meter stick is moving toward you with a speed of nsb 52 b.3xo:wkqm h+v0.80c. What is its length?

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast would a rocket ship have to move to contract to half of its propey 6 6)2u:y p0xpnw+qhxkuro) m;pq 7wrr length (as observed by a stationary object)?ku y; x6u0w+pr))ny6p m:qrxo qh2 pw7

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36#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The length of a spaceship is 10 m when it is at rest. If the spao t8id: .u m:uj hj6 /:*gwkcgs;1vpymceship travels by 8*6 jp::umw d.v uhkc;1i mgsgy:/tjoyou with a speed of 0.70c, what length does it appear to you?

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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 lig on.*92wxr/f f ly8tc8mf:lblht years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. What distance does the space ship travel according to a passenger on the shipl:mo x l .nw2cby*l8 8t/ff9fr?

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our soljogu;,jde k 44xuj* t4ar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on board the spaceshi; 4uu*d4kje 4jx jtog,p?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 ligh0ba+z9r tf4vma.;e c:t0jll y7 u .qvet years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward theczmaj ue .l9bvy .+04la 7t:qr tfe0v; star. How much time would elapse on a clock on the Earth?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is traveling at 0.85c. 46 ld,*7rzohzy pc h.qWhat is its mass? (The rest mass is $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the speed of a proton if its mass is twice its rest m8*rs78kv fty wass?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the velocity of your spaceshif*+1n+bz(u pvxdv v4mu.n 3 rdp goes from 0.3 c to 0.6 c, then your mass will inc413 u(n+v *vpxf urm.bv+zdnd rease by

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the momentum in u p5-c0;d+ i7s,;faqnoq hvwf$kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, an element s tnum;tpdw(83:p ,kmpdk/n; loses $4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much energy would be released if 2.0 kg of material was spfh*pf,f +pa(:i6t6 )rtmlzlost during a reactiftsa fi,:h)rp *lpt6zpm6 +(f on?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The amount of energy equivalent t5-lzxl3z *qv ko two kilogram of mass at rest is

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The atomic bomb that waesh3/vk-: i.tdoc8 s ts dropped on Nagasaki in 1945 killed 140,000 people, helping to end World War II on the next v -oi./tsc8k:3th desday. It released energy equivalent to that of 20,000 tons of TNT explosive. How much mass was converted to energy when this took place? (1000 tons of TNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of it o5y36imppomn3ep vp962dh8qs total energy. What is the speed of the proto89e pmpodpv6 6 5mq2p3nh iyo3n?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% o r8;a*uspuh;-:.rfn;objv e df its total energy. What is the momentum in u. uv-8j;pdsf; oaehbr;*nr :$kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

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51#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What energy is released (in MeV) during a reaction in whic2 n/v;uqoz/u lh $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much mass is lost during a reaction in which k 68*qjwvi8 fe$1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the total energy of an electron moving with a spe irm: h(gz stns0,;-nmed of 0.95c?

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How many joules of energy are required to accelerate one kilogram of mass fromc:4tb7 d zk(2we zdu/m rest to a velocity of 0.866 tce zw4d2z(kb7:du/ mc?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In a nuclear plant, 4b/*:oofd j gg$1017 J$ of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is accelerated through 100 kV. dto5 qjm1j f-g:2bh p0By what factor has its mass increased with respecth md1j2g:0-oq5f pbtj to its rest mass?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are in a rocket traveling away from the Sun at 0.95caq.(tc zupj 87bh .-da. You measure the speed of light from theua .7qhb(.t-cjadz8 p Sun to be

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Two spaceships are traveling thrj+ zlzp51p v ,m-b)yzrough space at 0.60 c relative to the Earth. If the ships are headed directly toward each other, what is their approach velocity, as measured by a person on p,yl)rjv- 5bpzzm1+z either craft?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A fast spaceship is traveling with a speed of 0.80c. How f v6c -qdokfxiq2 3,og.ast would light travel from the headlights of the ship relative to a stationary observer ,3cdfk.g-6vqix q2 oo?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth q58y2d9 m lh ,gx5 vnxbr5*jpawith a speed of 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile ly59q8x 2bnvhrax5p5,*d jgmis fired away from the Earth?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. The spaceship th8/pm i8yd3iavdw14 rq:sje+ren fires a missile with a speed of 0.p+re43 vd /ydjas8 1miqiw r8:50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired toward the Earth?

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