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习题练习:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity



 作者: physics   总分: 61分  得分: _____________

答题人: 匿名未登录  开始时间: 23年05月01日 10:24  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are riding in a spaceship that has no windows, radios, ojhv d o+(k5y1ur other means for you to observe or measure what is outside. You wish to determine if the ship is stopped or moving at constant velocity. What should ky15 +houjd (vyou do?

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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The Michelson-Morley experiment wlhhfol 2 in) 29np3r 8)yjsi(was designed to measure

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Michelson and Morley concluded from the resu16idcpp:e quuw pm,3)n)uqw+lts of their experiment that

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You can build an interfewt wx-q4q 11borometer yourself if you use the following components:

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5#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the relativity princip* usz1(hcm m4h6;zx zdle.
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6#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the three unprovable a ;jmifz-qb,u 19dhnq 7h4h +bmssumptions of Galilean-Newtonian relativity.
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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The theory of special relativityu ;29-9qc )mjx lttdg4 9nwmsz

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of Einstein's postulates in folwtqzlw- 2vqm t)/f ojyo5o -jiu5;5-i e, +gwrmulating the special theory of relativity was that the laws of physics are the same in refeo-uw5+-iwi5-zvj el qo,w j/2ytg5lmfo)qt ; rence frames that

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9#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first postulate of special rcluu9,h v/g s-elativity.
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10#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second posd)(7bm )zj hsmze .e(utulate of special relativity.
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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If you were to measure your pulse rate while in a spaceship krjy49:4dis)fsi.id moving away from the Sun at a speed close to the speed of l4ds k) i9fr.:y4sdijiight, you would find that it was

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary i9t3 n0esxe3 sobserver, a moving clock

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The gamma factor is defined as 9f9duuk96j6usulj wj ff9: 7l$\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Suppose one twin takes a ride in a sy gfa6u- af:v8pace ship traveling at a very high speed to a distant star and back again, while the other twin remains on Earth. The twin that remained on Earth predicts that the astronf: 8vfaya -ug6aut twin is

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observer, a 4tbk6xgd2cb, moving object

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its length with a velocity that appro72lh, lftln 8q6xi 1bbaches the velocity of light. The width of th6fhtbn 72lbi1l , q8xlis object, as measured by a stationary observer,

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its length ;f; s+t3w0 b:y- cxw;vuy zpptwith a velocity that approaches the velocity of light. The length of this o f+st p xb ;wy:wz;utv-pyc03;bject, as measured by a stationary observer,

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the nmk9qs v tq-z(x 22uht;ntx*8speed of light, the mass of the particlszt ;qq28*tnnxx-tkvuh9 m2 (e

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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of light, the r,)g*b dvp3ou momentum of the part 3rg*o)b ,udpvicle

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spear is thrown by you at a very high speed. As it passes, you hr fyk+x7 iw)4jq7g 4y *yek(bmeasure its length at one-half its normal length. From this measurement, you conclude that the 4hfy*yk qk +gejw) r7x 74b(yimoving spear's mass must be

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the kinetic energy of a speedy proton when its revt8qffl j+ gf:)7g8f.a 8j*g zuqfv k.lativistic mass doubles?.:q f tk)f fgg+l zja8f*v7v8jfg8q.u

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the total relativistic energy of a spee s-hb;g+, h:7geiqh(jrhqk -hdy proton when its relativistic mass doubkqhjhh+ r,e :ib- ggs;h7h-(qles?

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23#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider a particle 9cef6 mtc o4c;of mass $m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two spaceships, each traveling at 0.6)(mcc cjts2g c9xk;c vn3 e9u50c in a straight line. Ship A is moving directly away from the Sun and ship B is approaching the Sun. The science officers on each ship measure the velocity of light coming from the Sun. What do they me xmc2;cu6 )j9t9ckc(vse3ngc asure for this velocity?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which of the following depends on the observer'ykdix2+ ms ,p6xig+6qs frame of reference?

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26#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the velocity of your spaceship increases, you w)oxsmg d8w oc*b*y:3md/s 8nq ould observe

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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in xj ulmn,vgc +,59l:gpstill water. With what speed, relative to the shore, does it m5 nl:g+9plc,ux vjgm,ove in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading upstream?

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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, relative to thy5cwepe3 *6;f*12u2hbn rs(u xz qarwe shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat3;*5urcfwx2z ay *2 (e1bp6wnh rqeus is heading downstream?

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, relatubmnbe,zbo 0l )c5u.(ic ;ml4ive to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the cu0c4ib. )bm ;,5olzu nb lem(boat is heading straight across the river?

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast should a moving clock travel - sl 5om)ekud*if it is to be observed by a stationary observer as runniolse*um d5)-kng at one-half its normal rate?

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31#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship takes a nonstop journey to a planet and returns in 10 hoursbh.+-jq 0 a+fe20dmr iuwnr-z according to a clock on the spaceship. Ifeq.wi0h2b+r u-fndz a0 jm-r+ the speed of the spaceship is 0.80c, how much time has elapsed on the Earth?

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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A set of twins, Andrea and Coub+ qse mshe*l i)h97ra; cuo43rtney, are initially 10 years old. While Courtney remains on Earth, Andreae4h+m;ruco37ha eb9sq* )isl rides on a space ship which travels away from Earth at a speed of 0.6c for five years (as measured by Courtney), then turns around and comes back at 0.6c. When Andrea returns, Courtney is 20 years old. How old is Andrea upon her return?

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One 20-year-old twin brother takes 7 +bbkq cr :5qhivih.eco-)z8 a space trip with a speed of 0.80c for 30 years acc+k-b. h:cbqh 85i zco7rvqie)ording to a clock on the spaceship. Upon returning to the Earth, what is his own age and the age of the Earth-based twin brother?

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A meter stick is moving toward you with - 6zn+uox3prg a speed of 0.80c. What is its length?

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast would a rocket ship have to move to contract to half of its propew0i n-qy5,mn 4fc+jjur length (as observed by a stationary object) n0q +wyjnc,j4-i 5fum?

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36#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The length of a spaceship is 10 m when it is at rest. If t8(od,7cb 6x pz8qewjnyf )n7m he spaceship travels by you with a speed of 0.70c, what length does n,)e 7jwf8qxz8ncbo( 6ym7pd it appear to you?

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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centa idq* h24o3yg(+vlkgih1)zexuri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. What distance does the space ship travel according to a i1 l 4e)x2q3o(+igzvh*kgdhypassenger on the ship?

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is u1 1o)a,k b0gkxyxc,l4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a con0k1gok u1 xal,)bycx,stant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on board the spaceship?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.yll8o)i.*cj * ibxto6s v.i8k30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse*sojkly.il.cb *8it6o) v i8x on a clock on the Earth?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is traveling at 0.85c. What i,jzd6b-sn- okl( l;lis its mass? (The rest mass is $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the speed of a 2c,kz)m2vf7awyx r1 s proton if its mass is twice its rest mass?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the velocity of your spaceship goes from 0.3 c to 0.6 c, then 7o/wjd4.qf:df(dan hyour mass will increase wfa/j fq7 n(ddd:.o 4hby

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the momentumt4 8iceau d sw::h7x*cvd)e xq*7e7bk in $kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, an element los ky/ (:uf;ldtk/ zbvn8es $4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much energy would be release8gzqit)ur0g)b tdoh5*a ; f5md if 2.0 kg of material was lost during a reactionbi8aqu) fzdm t55g o )*hrg0;t?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The amount of energy equivalevi tbk(6 wpj o9nr67+e3z rhf37ghm 2 9h*sqqont to two kilogram of mass at rest is

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The atomic bomb that was dropped on Nagasaki in 1945 killed 14jan8wae7 e rq/;06vx i0,000 people, helping to end World War II on the next d; xe6e nj08aqr7i/vwaay. It released energy equivalent to that of 20,000 tons of TNT explosive. How much mass was converted to energy when this took place? (1000 tons of TNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of 0r,j r vtl dh46(n;w smque8ac ,ky0y1a proton is 80% of its total energy. What is the speed of tsjr, 8h 0r(wl 6;ym0 ndte,uv4a1kqyche proton?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% :,nakv-w0bmh(zk o6+0dnqv ut( zw4e of its total energy. What is the momentumq (bzzvmw e+n:vukh w,(- t4no6dak00 in $kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

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51#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What energy is released (in MeV) during a reaction in p jbf8lvi 8j/l:vhzyn7 5 s*)swhich $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much mass is lost during a reaction*whv:xu8 bx i kxqi r:0g2,)df in which $1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the total energy of an electron moving with a speed of*:/ z gewv:i36eqase n 0.95c?

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How many joules of energy are required to accelerate one kilogram o4-.)a5cqane xu znn7;s8xn r yf mass from rest to a velocitynu4n57sqnxa yx8 ea;. -)n zrc of 0.866 c?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In a nuclear plant, c 7d1d/n x,f-g)gy uthhv7v 2a$1017 J$ of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is accelerated through 100 kV. wd xw:j30/g saa /0 xtfx/nqb( By what factor has its mass increased with resp x0:da/( 3 0bn//wxjq xgtsfawect to its rest mass?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are in a rocket traveling away7 x0+ +jmg6s9 7seqiot/oslyf. bff.t from the Sun at 0.95c. You measure the speed of ligh 96.itme+o7qx7ss/fb +sg folyj 0ft. t from the Sun to be

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Two spaceships are traveling through sphrzx.4 yesc5 (ace at 0.60 c relative to the Earth. If the5hrx 4es(yc. z ships are headed directly toward each other, what is their approach velocity, as measured by a person on either craft?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A fast spaceship is traveling wiaz ywg,f hf6o8wd -fd6(3ij3k mo+b 7jth a speed of 0.80c. How fast would light travel from the headlights of the ship relative to a zy b f 3af,-w7+6w i 8kodjjhdomg(f36stationary observer?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. The spacpwn:7k9kh md9fm/zm/ eship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relpz9:/k f m/dnmmk9wh7ative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired away from the Earth?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. The spaceship t4zu+*e3 zhlxm hen fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spa*+e xlz3muh4 zceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired toward the Earth?

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