The three common phases ofx2 1 a08(j+(wf0mewnrjxtsl v matter are

  Density is

  Substance A has a density of/xegd/ u s5i99fbhcr,)dkf.p $3.0 \; g/cm^{3}$ and substance B has a density of $4.0 \; g/cm^{3}$. In order to obtain equal masses of these two substances, the ratio of the volume of A to the volume of B will be equal to

  Pressure is

  Which of the following is not a k(t ocdh;/k3hunit of pressure?

  Consider three drinking glasses. All tfx/ r;4d-npa3k js gt*t2kn0khree have the same area base, and all three are filled to the same depth with water. Glass A is cylindrical. Glass B is wider at the top than at the bottom, and so holds more water than A. Glass C is narrower at the top than at the bottom, and so holds less waterg3a/ jk-d k* xtptkrs;nn40f2 than A. Which glass has the greatest liquid pressure at the bottom?

  What is the difference between the pressures insidtef:6 kzb--r lvoyiz n9-m8:if8 jeo4e and outside a tire called?

  When atmospheric pressure changes, what/wl pw+u3bu3v: ft 3w :ora7cy happens to the absolute pressure at the botwp u rulcto/ 3v+:3wa3fbw:7 ytom of a pool?

  You are originally 1.0 m beneath t91pm pt.npo8ahe surface of a pool. If you dive to 2.0 m beneath the surface, what happens to the absolute 9pn1tm8oapp. pressure on you?

State Pascal's principle.kcag8yml 6qv8l :d8 )n

State Archimedes' principley th rx5n;5iu f3-lw9i.

  $50 \; cm^{3}$ of wood is floating on water, and $50 \; cm^{3}$ of iron is totally submerged. Which has the greater buoyant force on it?

  As a rock sinks deeper and deeper into water of constant de0l9nllv5 ov i3nsity, what happens to theo 0vv9l3i l5ln buoyant force on it?

  Salt water has greater density than fresh water. A boat floats in both fresh cvg k7u0qe2w odw;(:jz3 isy2water and in salt water. Where is thk3 :sjo7ydw;cvz20 2gquew( i e buoyant force greater on the boat?

  Salt water is more dense than fresh water. A ship floats in both v9b)5 8xww 0jinke*wwfresh water and salt water. Compared to the fresh water, the volume of water displaced in the savk ewn* )wwjw859ib x0lt water is

  A steel ball sinks in water but floats in a pool of/ayq+12xr 9xs x+fhhoh*erhr8ai3 8 o mercury. Where is the buoyant force on theqxrh31ah9 rox+/2oi8x e*raf8ys h +h ball greater?

  A 10-kg piece of aluminumok)1id + uuhm( sits at the bottom of a lake, right next to a 10-kg piece o1u )m u(hikdo+f lead. Which has the greater buoyant force on it?

  A piece of iron rests on top of a piece of wood floating in a bathtub. If 6 v7 5rkxu5*ji /f/btsyzgph1(jev (x the iron is removed from the wood, what happens to the water level1 p* v7bghe ijrk(j//vyx5 (s6fu5xzt in the tub?

  A piece of wood is floating in a bathtub. A second piece of wood sitstf-l1lzx +k. :wv3i+aonk()ej s a m65vkc6av on top of the first piece, and does not touch the water. If xiw++( vkl5. k-njce 3aozts m fva:1a)6vl6kthe top piece is taken off and placed in the water, what happens to the water level in the tub?

  Water flows through a pipe. The diameter l 7rzq*0.fp gklscv/+7 mk o/kyvl/0wof the pipe at point B is larger than at point A. Where is the *z rq+ /pmk07g0ck v /lo7f.lvkws/lyspeed of the water greater?

  An ideal fluid flows at 12 m/s in a horizontal pipe. If the pipe wi y5 qibv,y5w+ckk/ona2+t1 na dens to twice its original i yak kn2vc t551bo+nyqw a+,/radius, what is the flow speed in the wider section?

  An ideal fluid flows at 12 m/s in a horizontal piviq+vm7 0512nrz u wunpe. If the pipe narrows to half its original radius, what is tw nm+5z1quv02 vr7iunhe flow speed in the narrower section?

State Bernoulli's principbspea6c 8h;( ngu7pc7 le.

  Which one of the following is associated with the law of convqc,j;;)i fl q/jv f4fservation of energy in fluids?i q/)l f jv;qc;j,vff4

  As the speed of a moving fluid increases, the pressure inxb6t. epo1 15/j 5qlpj fgxy:f the fluid

  Water flows through a pip, gqfh)d+c3.g gq qgp:e. The diameter of the pipe at point B is larger than at point A. Where is t g,h dq+)fqc.:gg3gpq he water pressure greatest?

  When you blow some air above a paper strip, the paper rises. This is becausx:k1rlj2 te(b e

  A sky diver falls through the air at terminal velocity. The force of aa( s9qakmred ,1w;b o:ir resistance on 9;mb er,1(odwa k a:sqhim is

  Two Styrofoam balls, of radii R an gsmx8p9t br/nt42dk4d 2R, are released simultaneously from a tall tower. Which wstrx td bn9m8/g244kpill reach the ground first?

  When a small spherical rock of radius r falls through water, it experieny3prnmo+0b llc/yk;/d uyh:6 ces a drayy+/ nu6;dc ybk / llphm0o3r:g force $F=arv$, where $v$ is its velocity and $a$ is a constant proportional to the viscosity of water. From this, one can deduce that if a rock of diameter 2.0 mm falls with terminal velocity, $v$, then a rock of diameter 4.0 mm will fall with terminal velocity .

  Which has the greatestyg o( d4yd3(v4zb;dr p (r 8vw*qkp)qt effect on the flow of fluid through a narrow pipe? That is, if you made a 10% change in each of the quantities below, which would cause the grea d*wrqd p(g4(bt;kdyy3r 8) qp v4vo(ztest change in the flow rate?

  Two horizontal pipes are the same length e zho+jasoa /.5 0ruvey6 50h:7uwhzh, but pipe B has twice the diameter of pipe A. Water undergoes viscous flow in both pipes, subject to the same pressure difference across the lengths of the pipes. If the flow rate in pipe A is Q, what is the fh oehh5z:h .a+07uwsry o6v5u0 j/zaelow rate in pipe B?

  Two horizontal pipes have the same ha m+r3 l68t fvo(f6s*1zswuv diameter, but pipe B is twice as long as pipe A. Water undergoes viscous flow in both pipes, subject to the same pressure differen+ r f(mv*fs8t6 wlhv16oasu z3ce across the lengths of the pipes. If the flow rate in pipe B is Q, what is the flow rate in pipe A?

  When soup gets cold, itus7 znvjq w cj*p( op(+4/sj9o often tastes greasy. This "greasy" taste seems to be associated with oil spreading out all over the sus 9o+j*7s/((pcqn 4 zujo jpwvrface of the soup, instead of staying in little globules. To us "physikers", this is readily explained in terms of

  When a tube of diameter d zvie,czbu/qga 6.rc896j17syaa ij 8 is placed in water, the water rises to a height h. If the diameter were half as great, howusae6cy i iqjz8 v7 jgr 19ab6ca,z/8. high would the water rise?

  Certain insects, such as the water bug, are sufficielq,e+es;3ph-.p 3tb6 zrvjpb-e o:ssntly lightweight that they can run on top of water without breaking the surface tension. Water bug A has weight W. Water bug B is twice as big as bug A, in all dimensions. That is, bug B is twice as long, twice as wide, etc. What is the weig; te .hrs,p3b 3zoblqjes v-ps+ :p6e-ht of bug B?

  Certain insects, such as the watx(uch qsu:. j1 c7zpw0o3r(uner bug, are sufficiently lightweight that they can run on top of water without breaking the surface tension. This is possible because the water, due to surface tension, exerts an upward force on the bottom of the bug's feet. Suppose that the maximum possible upward force on the feet of water bug A is F. Now suppose that water bug B is twice as big as bug A in every dimension. That isr :x7p c(hq1jonu.0u(3 usczw, bug B is twice as long, twice as wide, etc. What is the maximum upward force on the feet of bug B?

  A plastic block of dimensions 2.00 cm x 3.00 cm x 4.00 cm has a mass of 30.0tn+b *+4pzo ghb vvi6. g. What is its density?voh b.4+p6vb* itzng+

  A liquid has a specific gravity of 0.357. b umgg6u;x(8*n * *r 1md5imuyhxck1q What is its density?

  A brick weighs 50.0 N, and measures 30.0 c+1dalp o(w j99i rlls.e)a jp9m x 10.0 cm x 4.00 cm. What is the maximum pressure it can exert on a horizontal surfa.a 99p lijj rws+)(1lo pl9adece?

  A person weighing 900 N is stal2 :ivx-tihzi/m:n9lbs3n r r6; xyd8 nding on snowshoes. Each snowshoe has area $2500 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure on the snow?

  How much pressure (absolute) must a submarine withstand axw9 av;. h+,fuu2jjbct a depth of 120.0 m in the oce+jc ,u29jvfx. ;ahbuwan?

  A circular window of 30 cm diameter in a submarine can withstand a maximuvon 3s45yjd,mm force of v3ms4ny d5 o,j$5.20 \times 10^{5} \; N$. What is the maximum depth in a lake to which the submarine can go without damaging the window?

  What is the gauge pressure if the zsavs6o: a)*awb/ :qkabsolute pressure is 300 kPa?

  What is the gauge pressure at a location 15.0 m below the surfacs1xn k+3,dxywd* byd fp3m9f 6e of sea? (The xy*swk,yb d6ff xm9d3 dp3+n 1density of seawater is $1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  What is the absolute pressure at a location 15.0 m below8x2nnw h - g4m, pik**o:wkcb 7d)mx fvfef*4k the surface of sea? (Th df) o*vwn4gxb:4fc k*h8kin x-efp7 , *kmmw2e density of seawater is $1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  A 500-N weight sits on td uf.rphn2yk9.9efc(da 4l2s he small piston of a hydraulic machine. The small piston ua2( c 92sffrydpnkh9e.dl 4 .has area $2.0 \; cm^{2}$. If the large piston has area $40 \; cm^{2}$, how much weight can the large piston support?

  In a hydraulic garage li6 cbuuz;xh.h2ft, the small piston has a radius of 5.0 cm and the large piston has a radius of 15 cm. What force must be applied on the small piston in order to lift a car weighing 20,000 N on the laz 6huc2 xh.b;urge piston?

  A 13,000 N vehicle is to be lifted by a 25 cm diameter hyd5 0jhiz . :-j5p xqkaiv9yz5skraulic piston. What force needs to be applied to a 5.0 cm diameter piston to accomplishk qkaxhz95ivs5 j.j -5:0yizp this?

  The small piston of j,s;6 uwhzgti a*g6-pa hydraulic lift has a diameter of 8.0 cm, and its large piston has a diameter of 40 cm. The lift raises a loadw a*6pth;g-zj,6gius of 15,000 N.
(a) Determine the force that must be applied to the small piston    $N$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the pressure applied to the fluid in the lift    $\times 10^5 \; Pa$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A block of metal weighs 40 N in air and z,:gmp:3 a6yuf (xszy30 N in water. What is the buoyant force yag f:(6usz,z3pm yx:of the water?

  An object has a volume ou g9 0i,m-ovdof $4.0 \; m^{3}$ and weighs 40,000 N. What will its weight be in water?

  A 4.00-kg cylinder of solid iron isb5cb6q m *hr:m supported by a string while submerged in waterbq mb* rc:h65m. What is the tension in the string? (The specific gravity of iron is 7.86.)

  If the density of goaxb7b 6rkhdf:1k ;phn(bd6vdd 3pz -+ ld is $19.3 \times 10^3 kg/m^{3}$, what buoyant force does a 0.60-kg gold crown experience when it is immersed in water?

  A crane lifts a steel sube0 2 ,lucws 3eloj,v/pd/:nk gmarine (density = $7.8 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$) of mass 20,000 kg. What is the tension in the lifting cable (1) when the submarine is submerged, and (2) when it is entirely out of the water?

  An object weighs 7.84 N when itjypza5z*ot*fu w; 3u9ux4 -t l is in air and 6.86 N when it is immersed in water. What is the 5twylp*z9juzo ;u4ua f-t x3*specific gravity of the object?

  A container of water is placed on a scale, and the scale reads 120 g. Now x:)zmm eci9;m;5g8 kcv xyb 8la 20-g piece of copper (specific gravity = 8.9) is suspended fro89;5zm;mc8mlcby:k x)xgei v m a thread and lowered into the water, not touching
the bottom of the container. What will the scale now read?

  A piece of aluminum with a mass of 1.0 kg and d-x 8 hery* //fbus fykb+;8kgaensity of $2700 \; kg/m^{3}$ is suspended from a string and then completely immersed in a container of water. The density of water is $1000 \; kg/m^{3}$.
(a) Determine the volume of the piece of aluminum    $\times 10^{-4} \; m^3$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the tension in the string after the metal is immersed in the container of water $N$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A cylindrical rod of length 12 cm and diamete91xj: wb* crfgel2/bpr 2.0 cm will just barely float in water. What is its mb*1f:rb jep9/lx gcw2ass?

  A rectangular box of negli-(u qc6d9nwu zgible mass measures 5.0 m long, 1.0 m wide, and 0.50 m 6wc9znq(u d-u high. How many kilograms of mass can be loaded onto the box before it sinks in a lake?

  A $1.0 m^{3}$ object floats in water with 20% of it above the waterline. What does the object weigh out of the water?

  An object floats with half its volume beneath the surface of the water. b2:f ype7s m d5t63qzsThe weight of :3d pm7eqfstb 256szythe displaced water is 2000 N. What is the weight of the object?

  A solid object floats in water with three-fourths of its volumegm5.*xc5wzvy9 dnki8f 9wc 1d beneath the surfacx *v d.9cc1wwnfz y5k95im8gde. What is the object's density?

  A 200-N object floats with three-fourths of its volume beneath the sha fs;pu p((c cxh/+s-urface of the water. What is the buoyant force on the objau p(s+ (; -xc/shfpchect?

  A polar bear of mass 200 kg stands on an ice floe 10 ur5z8:0d.m4kovsv honl +a) j0 cm thick. What is the minimum area of the floe that will just suppo80+okjnl )r mh4.d:su5 oav vzrt the bear in saltwater of specific gravity 1.03? The specific gravity of ice is 0.98.

  Liquid flows through a pipe of diameter 3.0 cm at 2.0 m/s. Find the flow rate.:m w2(*mdx55(cqu9s dref wu c

  Liquid flows through a 4.0 cj 1h4f2lnc3w jm diameter pipe at 1.0 m/s. There is a 2.0 cm diameter restriction in the linnljw4jfc13 2he. What is the velocity in this restriction?

  Water flows at 12 m/s in a horizontal pipe with a tevpi9 r(scqm kx9xh7i udm;1 35 s:(ppressure of $3.0 \times 10^4 \; N/m^2$. If the pipe widens to twice its original radius, what is the pressure in the wider section?

  How much pressure does iwg + 9qz *ck/d(gq.ter2k;n xgt take for a pump to supply a drinking fountain with 300 kPa, if the grn/+ d;ezk tq2(g.9*qw kxc gfountain is 30.0 m above the pump?

  A hole of radius 1.0 mm occurs in the bottom of a water storage tank that h2) qe si6pm.h*uvg)u yolds water at a depth of 15 m. At what rate will water flvy6* h .uemq 2sg)p)iuow out of the hole?

  Water flows through a horizontal pipe o, gco w5(s/qrcz*d/e wf cross-sectional area $10.0 \; cm^{2}$ at a pressure of 0.250 atm. The flow rate is $1.00 \times 10^{-3} \; m^{3}/s$. At a valve, the effective cross-sectional area of the pipe is reduced to $5.00 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure at the valve?

  SAE No. 10 oil has a viscosity of 0.20 Pa-s. How long wouldkot3vxwf.v/z;no0d: gde ;:z it take to pour 4.0 L of oil through a funnel witkxf 0z3gvz;oe .:dwvon;: d/th a neck 15 cm long and 2.0 cm in diameter? Assume the surface of the oil is kept 6 cm above the top of the neck, and neglect any drag effects due to the upper part of the funnel.

  Suppose that the build-up of fatty tissue on the wall of an artery decreased *e1 zkc+lbno, 34kmxl n ;)(lha lban ,qit3)mthe radi3xb1i alm + h3)tknlon,l *,nzmalqck) eb(;4us by 10%. By how much would the pressure provided by the heart have to be increased to maintain a constant blood flow?

  Two narrow tubes are placed in a pan of water. Tube A has twice cl1v*az :4tagm:9slb ky)vx2the diameter of tube B. If water rises 24 cm in tube A, how high will it rise in avk):la g*: 2cxybmszl1 49vttube B?

  The surface tension of water is 0.073 N/m. How high will water rise in a capi*br3c 27x tsoxfzz5p* lh*hx0 llary tube o0tz 2*phcx z3*75xo rxb*ls fhf diameter 1.2 mm?

  232

  To what height would water at 0 de1d;wdspey ,+s gree Celsius rise in a glass capillary tube with a diam+wds ydp1 ;,eseter of
0.50 mm?

  A narrow tube is place11m ynyoix88pr*5rabd vertically in a pan of water, and the water rises in the tube to 4.0 cm above the level of the pan. The surface tension in the liquid is lowered to one-half its original value by the addition of some soap. What happens to the height of the liquid column in ax8*y 5n r bmr1poi81ythe tube?

  Consider a rectangular frame of length 0.120 m and width 0.600 m with a soap filh.88hdbhon;h 8lp8 ;c jg lu8im formed wi8 c8g.;lbnhhdhoju li; 8p88hthin its confined area. If the surface tension of soapy water is 0.0260 N/m, how much force does the soap film exert on the 0.600 m side?

  An adjustable rectangular frame has length 12 cm and9m.r/w gx0,jsfku4j)6 z+ g vcrw)bmy width 5 cm, and is built in such a way that one of the longer sides can be moved without bursting the soap film contained in ry 49jwmm)6.w0 bj) ux/fvc s,gkgz+r the frame. Soapy water has surface tension 0.026 N/m. How much work is required to move the adjustable long side so that the frame is 12 cm square?