The three common phases ofugf,d ij l+)8f matter are

  Density is

  Substance A has a densitytnumv/3h e e(4 of $3.0 \; g/cm^{3}$ and substance B has a density of $4.0 \; g/cm^{3}$. In order to obtain equal masses of these two substances, the ratio of the volume of A to the volume of B will be equal to

  Pressure is

  Which of the following ik qgql(7*q6j0cajcb k 1b3c :ls not a unit of pressure?

  Consider three drinking glasses. All three haog)ho jjto), i; 0xrs4ve the same area base, and all three are filled to the sahogo0;xto4jsi rj) ,)me depth with water. Glass A is cylindrical. Glass B is wider at the top than at the bottom, and so holds more water than A. Glass C is narrower at the top than at the bottom, and so holds less water than A. Which glass has the greatest liquid pressure at the bottom?

  What is the difference between the pressures inside and outside a tire calblr w5njj ,xm0w;j(l z.c51 exled?

  When atmospheric pressure changes, what happens to the absolute pressurncvye9(u7os1eazu( 5zm d (2x e at the b d o vnc(91zz(sua(u7ye5mx2eottom of a pool?

  You are originally 1.0 m beneath the surface of a poocrhr.6 yw k j126uuvt)l. If you dive to 2.0 m beneath the surface, what happens to the absolute pressur w.)h 1yvjr2uc6 ktu6re on you?

State Pascal's principl,9 jr,fm5vwjvu64og ke.

State Archimedes' prin+ xgd njzhxay,8v+ .,tciple.

  $50 \; cm^{3}$ of wood is floating on water, and $50 \; cm^{3}$ of iron is totally submerged. Which has the greater buoyant force on it?

  As a rock sinks deeper and deief7tv ::: zidi (vhjq:c nx,/eper into water of constant density, what happens to thzt/qie7 (: xcidv:i :jfhn,v:e buoyant force on it?

  Salt water has greater density than fresh water. A boat f ago2a q3hofavup j-:p16i95aloats in both fresh water 5qah fjo vago-6a: 1p3ap92 iuand in salt water. Where is the buoyant force greater on the boat?

  Salt water is more dense than fresh water. A ship floats in both frke 8/hun4g5:cqf) u ;r6rfd cpesh water and salt watefq4)6hk;eg8df c:cn 5/ ruuprr. Compared to the fresh water, the volume of water displaced in the salt water is

  A steel ball sinks in water but 1uhhdw2 q2fkp4+l4fh floats in a pool of mercury. Where is the buoyant force on the 4h2w2hp4lf ukh1+dfq ball greater?

  A 10-kg piece of aluminum sits at the b+q (cmcsu7q 8cv3g ,)5rnsxmpottom of a lake, right next to a 10-kg piece of lead. Which has the greater buoya) cq mnq7,cp+m3xgrs8(c5suv nt force on it?

  A piece of iron rests on top of a1*4158m fw ydfi*0 *aas wn*qorjqyfr piece of wood floating in a bathtub. If the iron is removed 0 q*naswj18o* ir5 4fqff*y mwydar1* from the wood, what happens to the water level in the tub?

  A piece of wood is floating in a bathtub. Ah0e47.ht: ajhchn; px second piece of wood sits on top of the first piece, and does not touch the water. If the top piece is taken off and placed in the water, what happens to the water level in the thh;j0hcpet4a :7.h x nub?

  Water flows through a pipe. Ta8pfxqeu dt9ipp jn3(9 p.4s+he diameter of the pipe at point B is larger than p+a 3 xjd(i 8ef99t4nupsp.pqat point A. Where is the speed of the water greater?

  An ideal fluid flows at 12 m+w;; y xg5c+z3 rek;sho gml-h/s in a horizontal pipe. If the pipe widens to twice its orih3m+s;+y clkog ;e5-xgrwhz ;ginal radius, what is the flow speed in the wider section?

  An ideal fluid flows at 12 m/s in a horizontal pipe. If the pipe nas .rsp2 jt.tn,pkba. +rrows to half its original radius, what is the flow spstbpa+sj r ,t2.nk..p eed in the narrower section?

State Bernoulli's prf,c )86n5wgz*kws ;dys7 ayvtinciple.

  Which one of the following is asexn7kmqoy ar6 w );;6vsociated with the law of conservation of energy i) 6 ko7q;eymxw ;vnar6n fluids?

  As the speed of a moving fluid increases, th78dlbt++ tdl)y17ya p3l jry he pressure in the fluid

  Water flows through a pipe. Tfz8uh9x,d0 x lhe diameter of the pipe at point B is larger than at point A.l9d xuzhx ,08f Where is the water pressure greatest?

  When you blow some air above a paper strw m;bln v+4c6vip, the paper rises. This is because

  A sky diver falls through the air at terminal velocity. The8;i:htr jnrmqw dg-u7j,3 y w8 force of air resistance onij3,d tmhru:w8 yq7-njwg r; 8 him is

  Two Styrofoam balls, of radii R and 2R, are released simuo/t. oe7:n hod3*mfzjbz) 2nkltaneously from a tall tower. Which will reach the ground firse 3*z7dj)m /f2zbhnon:k. otot?

  When a small spherical rock of radius r falls through watere /*d*)hsvxt n, it experiences a drad nxths) *v*/eg force $F=arv$, where $v$ is its velocity and $a$ is a constant proportional to the viscosity of water. From this, one can deduce that if a rock of diameter 2.0 mm falls with terminal velocity, $v$, then a rock of diameter 4.0 mm will fall with terminal velocity .

  Which has the greatei /o,awezt2 b,9y+nfzst effect on the flow of fluid through a narrow pipe? That is, if you made a 10% change in each of the quantities below, which would b,+a,ie2n/yz 9 fzwtocause the greatest change in the flow rate?

  Two horizontal pipes are the same length, but pipe B has twice the di pevboj3* dv.v8 d ;6b2eoi*quameter of pipe A. Water undergo qvd eop.;vv8 2 iube3jo**6bdes viscous flow in both pipes, subject to the same pressure difference across the lengths of the pipes. If the flow rate in pipe A is Q, what is the flow rate in pipe B?

  Two horizontal pipes have the same diameter, but pipe B is twicedc:1ze -m -rmbi56nx g as long as pipe A. Water undergoes viscous flow in both pipes, subject to the same pressure difference across the lengths of the pipes. If the flow rate in pipe B is Q,i mbmnx61 5r :dz--ceg what is the flow rate in pipe A?

  When soup gets cold, it often tastr) ;tmhtu, z uc8d1l(yes greasy. This "greasy" taste seems to be associated with oil spreading out all outly,rm8u;t d () 1czhver the surface of the soup, instead of staying in little globules. To us "physikers", this is readily explained in terms of

  When a tube of diameter d is placed in watec9j3)0c,o .tww7y sy xvbv il;+jshh,r, the water rises to a height h. If the diameter coxs7,ys t9cjh+3 bi;y)l.wjw,0v v h were half as great, how high would the water rise?

  Certain insects, such as the water bug, are sufficiently lightweight that thmg7stj- /q gs*ey can run on top of water without breaking the surface tension. Water bug A has weight W. Water bug B is twice as big as bug A, in all dimen tqg/g-7s sj*msions. That is, bug B is twice as long, twice as wide, etc. What is the weight of bug B?

  Certain insects, such as the water bug, are sufficiently lightweight t7nd -tt4 jzfoy)8 +dsvhat they can run on top of water without breaking the surface tension. This is possible because the water, due to surface tension, exerts an upward force on the bottom of the bug's feet. Suppose that the maximum possible upward force on the feet of water bug A is F. Now suppose- dd4yv8tz+n) 7ostjf that water bug B is twice as big as bug A in every dimension. That is, bug B is twice as long, twice as wide, etc. What is the maximum upward force on the feet of bug B?

  A plastic block of dimlp,wdh26wyx4:oy4oreo +z cp2,f pa- ensions 2.00 cm x 3.00 cm x 4.00 cm has a mass of 30.0 g. Wha py,oe+2-l ,dx62zy:wo a 44 hopcfpwrt is its density?

  A liquid has a specific gravity of 0.357. What is uu8o::kdv.qc0) ox yi its density?

  A brick weighs 50.0 N, and measux+1r/4k km ne41hkfut w wym2-res 30.0 cm x 10.0 cm x 4.00 cm. What is the maximum pressure it can exert onewukm -/mfx44+ w 1 h2rtknyk1 a horizontal surface?

  A person weighing 900 N is standing on snowshoes. Each snowa:wv-hcz-b f) i4,y khc; 4ngashoe has area $2500 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure on the snow?

  How much pressure (absolute) -b:-wom*gn aul g-r/ nmust a submarine withstand at a depth of 120.0 m in two nr g:*m n-au-l/-gbhe ocean?

  A circular window of 30 cm diamrk ldbj ki;+;b2:j2pl6n m0*ts+dwe t eter in a submarine can withstand a maximum force:t+bp kw2kem s+t;n0*irjbd; l6jdl2 of $5.20 \times 10^{5} \; N$. What is the maximum depth in a lake to which the submarine can go without damaging the window?

  What is the gauge pressure if the absolut - c x l(kxkmif:-nejgx.*+qsnlt;,5se pressure is 300 kPa?

  What is the gauge pressure at a location 15.0 m below the sur xt8(dzvuw6v 04;odr rface of sea? (The denrrud ;40(6wz to dv8xvsity of seawater is $1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  What is the absolutef2wbc vrhj6bmz+ *r vql6x1.2 pressure at a location 15.0 m below the surface of sea? (Tbjz2qrxbfw 1+66 * .vmcrl2hv he density of seawater is $1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  A 500-N weight sits on the small piston of a hydraulic machine. The se m7-tma-loj7 4m.m77p;rr+cipdn qamall piston ham eam7oaind+r77cm-jqtp.mp l7;r4 -s area $2.0 \; cm^{2}$. If the large piston has area $40 \; cm^{2}$, how much weight can the large piston support?

  In a hydraulic garage lift, the small piston has a radiux*6uat 8er+qi s of 5.0 cm and the large piston has a radius of 15 cm. Wh8i ru*6aqt+e xat force must be applied on the small piston in order to lift a car weighing 20,000 N on the large piston?

  A 13,000 N vehicle is to be lifted by a 25 cm diameter p;)3cdgbd. j1+r nkgty5 rde3 hydraulic piston. What force t 3.er5djd gncb+ yd1kp) ;rg3needs to be applied to a 5.0 cm diameter piston to accomplish this?

  The small piston of a hydrauz1xt gw: i6t lmgvk34 uz525enlic lift has a diameter of 8.0 cm, and its large piston has a diameter of 40 cm. The lift 6zetg35g tk lmix5n:w1zvu4 2 raises a load of 15,000 N.
(a) Determine the force that must be applied to the small piston    $N$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the pressure applied to the fluid in the lift    $\times 10^5 \; Pa$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A block of metal weighs 40 Np:7j4d ec y:m3llv( ,wcwa-ol in air and 30 N in water. What is the buoyant force of th34w cwd,v eam:y (c:-l o7pllje water?

  An object has a volume of b vnsaiz ,,+/1srg 8tx$4.0 \; m^{3}$ and weighs 40,000 N. What will its weight be in water?

  A 4.00-kg cylinder of solid iron is supported by a string while submerged in -9 fmcldq 12yswater. Whaty-q s19 mc2lfd is the tension in the string? (The specific gravity of iron is 7.86.)

  If the density of gold is5u6n u)r ptoo8 $19.3 \times 10^3 kg/m^{3}$, what buoyant force does a 0.60-kg gold crown experience when it is immersed in water?

  A crane lifts a steel submarine (densixns+ro2k-sp z6izb a yg(*.x*ty = $7.8 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$) of mass 20,000 kg. What is the tension in the lifting cable (1) when the submarine is submerged, and (2) when it is entirely out of the water?

  An object weighs 7.84 N when ud qqcqq*1)/tncr.vg, ,a r* xit is in air and 6.86 N when it is immersed in water. W1 c u )rqc*gd.,xq*/r,qaqvtnhat is the specific gravity of the object?

  A container of water is placed on aln;ou)o )/fv4h:epy i *q1h co scale, and the scale reads 120 g. Now a 20-g piclp4hofqh */ieo 1u:o ;y)vn)ece of copper (specific gravity = 8.9) is suspended from a thread and lowered into the water, not touching
the bottom of the container. What will the scale now read?

  A piece of aluminum with a mass of 1.0 kg andvgg az.i7 t-d g6ilik6vc*r)ph w+m -7 density of $2700 \; kg/m^{3}$ is suspended from a string and then completely immersed in a container of water. The density of water is $1000 \; kg/m^{3}$.
(a) Determine the volume of the piece of aluminum    $\times 10^{-4} \; m^3$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the tension in the string after the metal is immersed in the container of water $N$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A cylindrical rod of length 12 cm and diameiydsw.(:c4ip/ 1 hd5xfc19l xc .hknw+ c1 berter 2.0 cm will just barely float in wati9cc:l+fbwh s4/xh.( .i1dkdcrcn1xyep 51wer. What is its mass?

  A rectangular box of negligible mass measures 5.0 m long, 1.0 m wide, and 0.50 gwzr n /m;(r7hqn 8sg-5mfd08ejsu j. m high. How many kilograms of mass can be loaded onto the box before it m z/8js7n e0s wmnq 8.r5gfgjdr (-h;usinks in a lake?

  A $1.0 m^{3}$ object floats in water with 20% of it above the waterline. What does the object weigh out of the water?

  An object floats with half its volume bec jid oje)+.6cneath the surface of the water. The weight of the displaced water is 2000 N. Wi 6 +jjc)dco.ehat is the weight of the object?

  A solid object floats in water with three-fourths of its volume ben lf7v, u y24lxanwity)-e4 q(jeath the surface. What -vifly (xwj2q7ul, ynea4) 4 tis the object's density?

  A 200-N object floats with three-fourths of its volume beneath the kjwi.sz;/ihr sy x; zs0ok7+3cb fq(( surface of th/cb7 i(y kj zqs. h+sxkriswz ;0;3fo(e water. What is the buoyant force on the object?

  A polar bear of mass 200 kg stands on an ice floe 100 cm thick. What is the h3ec-2(qm5wr 6p8omlv(c lo dminimum area of the floe that will jusd o cplm 3wl(-8mo(5rhce6q 2vt support the bear in saltwater of specific gravity 1.03? The specific gravity of ice is 0.98.

  Liquid flows through a pipe of diameter 3.0 cm at 2w+y iy3cd64al.0 m/s. Find the flow rate.

  Liquid flows through a 4.0 cm diameter pd3q equzw)ptcn(*y w jl 4vb/)cz*9b0ipe at 1.0 m/s. There is a 2.0 cm diameter restriction in the line. What is the velocity in this rct 0d b9bv) 4(*y unzz)q*ww3ejp/lcq estriction?

  Water flows at 12 m/s in a horizontal pipe with a pressurefhn28s 9ojwyor2gds n; 5u(k,h ne8 gko5+3jx of $3.0 \times 10^4 \; N/m^2$. If the pipe widens to twice its original radius, what is the pressure in the wider section?

  How much pressure does it take for a pump to supply rye8+ 470u;k2p xz oss4jbnqv a drinking fountain with 300 koxq04u4b7n8er j;ps2s yv z+ kPa, if the fountain is 30.0 m above the pump?

  A hole of radius 1.0 mm occurs in the bottom of a water storage tank tha/uvibu6:2rdq -w( ear r07arot holds water at0r u(a7iaqvro6uwdr/r :b2 -e a depth of 15 m. At what rate will water flow out of the hole?

  Water flows through kebwlto ( m,,l(m6o, ka horizontal pipe of cross-sectional area $10.0 \; cm^{2}$ at a pressure of 0.250 atm. The flow rate is $1.00 \times 10^{-3} \; m^{3}/s$. At a valve, the effective cross-sectional area of the pipe is reduced to $5.00 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure at the valve?

  SAE No. 10 oil has a viscosity of 0.20 ( z9dqea9(jzePa-s. How long would it take to pour 4.0 L of oil through a funnel with a nee z((zqdj99aeck 15 cm long and 2.0 cm in diameter? Assume the surface of the oil is kept 6 cm above the top of the neck, and neglect any drag effects due to the upper part of the funnel.

  Suppose that the build-up of fatty tiss*i.j 6-meghkh z l4z4due on the wall of an artery decreased the radius by 10%. By how much would th6i4lgzk ejz*h. -4d mhe pressure provided by the heart have to be increased to maintain a constant blood flow?

  Two narrow tubes are placed in a pan of whsnm p7c80w, dater. Tube A has twice the diameter of tube B. If water n 7cphm80,wsdrises 24 cm in tube A, how high will it rise in tube B?

  The surface tension of water is 0.073 N/m. How high will wate*3s9pfb s/pqw r rise in a capillary tube of diame ss *bfp3/wq9pter 1.2 mm?

  232

  To what height would wapj+r:-ssf 2yyter at 0 degree Celsius rise in a glass capillary tube with a diameter of+:p-sfjyy rs2
0.50 mm?

  A narrow tube is placed vertically in a pa w74sr g*ymsc+ o5d(zgn of water, and the water rises in the tube to 4.0 cm above the level of the pan. Thcgsdw*g(y4 5ozs r7+ me surface tension in the liquid is lowered to one-half its original value by the addition of some soap. What happens to the height of the liquid column in the tube?

  Consider a rectangular frame of lengto 2kcu1t9s4duh 0.120 m and width 0.600 m with a soap film formed within its confined area. If the surfac u9tdc2o4su1k e tension of soapy water is 0.0260 N/m, how much force does the soap film exert on the 0.600 m side?

  An adjustable rectangular frame has length 12 cm and width 5 cm, and i/ eyjer,n)7lz1 4ms acs built in such a way that one of the longer sides can be moved without bursting the soap film ccse /4m)z rl7jya1 e,nontained in the frame. Soapy water has surface tension 0.026 N/m. How much work is required to move the adjustable long side so that the frame is 12 cm square?