The three common phases of m+(: 2yupsu lqgow7:ots:c z(uatter are

  Density is

  Substance A has a density/b* - w2yk +hm0y-fsja9iheri of $3.0 \; g/cm^{3}$ and substance B has a density of $4.0 \; g/cm^{3}$. In order to obtain equal masses of these two substances, the ratio of the volume of A to the volume of B will be equal to

  Pressure is

  Which of the following is not a unit ozz;3e:o0 *q uvhowgojnd zc+;yzn((3 f pressure?

  Consider three drinking glasses. Aw z hw+nv(t7lhdt1w7c )gnd g7sro6+0ll three have the same area base, and all three are filled to the same depth with water. Glass A is cylindrical. Glass B is wider at the top than at the bottom, and so holds more water than A. Glass C is narrower at the top than at the bottom, and so holds less water thant vnw+oz7wgg) nld w(htdh67r71s+0c A. Which glass has the greatest liquid pressure at the bottom?

  What is the difference between the pressures inside and ouj 6*uue/gfgy2pz o + na6, :cmhro-y.jtside a tire called?

  When atmospheric pressure changes, what happens to the a)/xnp*csd qa 6bsolute pressure at the boq*6pa)d xs cn/ttom of a pool?

  You are originally 1.0 m beneath the surface of r0 cbq.qxe1g4xi- /8cr3m qnka pool. If you dive to 2.0 m beneath the surface, what happens to the absolute pressure cn.qm -8r34kx eqbi /rgc1q x0on you?

State Pascal's princip1 ql:m04*oo2 llniexmle.

State Archimedes' principwjxjfp2* jsa4t*g2h7 r zhk, :c. h+cqle.

  $50 \; cm^{3}$ of wood is floating on water, and $50 \; cm^{3}$ of iron is totally submerged. Which has the greater buoyant force on it?

  As a rock sinks deeper and deeper into water of constant densitdaldn75a (q)t si *9vyy, what happens to the buoyann)9ya la(sd vdq* 57itt force on it?

  Salt water has greater density than fre-a, /4x jsnrrvuk5.ju sh water. A boat floats in both fresh water and in salt water. Whe/r xujsjur-. a4n5,kv re is the buoyant force greater on the boat?

  Salt water is more dense than fresh water. A ship floats in both y2p-g ljl9*r ufresh water and salt water. Compared to the fresh water, the volume of water displacedr9y*- llu2 jgp in the salt water is

  A steel ball sinks in water but floats in a pool of yt;kezco1 di:/ fxyk2pjcp -b/4 td 0,mercury. Where is the buoyant force onoxf- 2db, 1;yypcip c/kek40t: zj/ td the ball greater?

  A 10-kg piece of aluminum sits at the bzucc6 yu5r0:j x u5u-wottom of a lake, right next to a 10-kg piece of lead. Which has uuuc0xcu6 j5w:z5- yrthe greater buoyant force on it?

  A piece of iron rests on top of a piece of wood floating in a bathtub. If x7d/ jxg*zf6sthe iron is removed fg xfs6z*x/7jdrom the wood, what happens to the water level in the tub?

  A piece of wood is floating in a bathtub. *wz kc,wpw1,mA second piece of wood sits on top of the first piece, and does not touch the wac k*w mw,wz1p,ter. If the top piece is taken off and placed in the water, what happens to the water level in the tub?

  Water flows through a pipe. The diameter of the pipe at point B is larger cf+s7gx6tc7 vne c2s. than at point A. Where is the speed of the water grea e7xs76c.2ct c+vgfsnter?

  An ideal fluid flows at 12 gvlr*3zd*hmp. f ;s8am/s in a horizontal pipe. If the pipe widens to twice its origimgd*.83s v*plhrz f; anal radius, what is the flow speed in the wider section?

  An ideal fluid flows at 12 m/s in a horizontal pipe. If the pipe narrows to h y*tdyxa5rkm(awyuz7 9b349i*2p ys b+is6cz alf its originzyd5icys+z4mab x62 *a (7pk *yib99yw r u3stal radius, what is the flow speed in the narrower section?

State Bernoulli's principle4yupghb +smbl9:kr30 u g *y *1aikrf6.

  Which one of the followijj*jg;n:x u v3xl9: mang is associated with the law of conservation of energy in fluids ugjv :mj;3:xxj9l a*n?

  As the speed of a moving fluid increapl6fz3) 2sees ses, the pressure in the fluid

  Water flows through a pqg yyv3/nmq.9ijf bb386 wy*h*w, rjsipe. The diameter of the pipe at point B is larger than at point A. Where is the water3hyfj, gwsv*6*w.9nqy iy3r/bqbm8 j pressure greatest?

  When you blow some air above a paper strip, the paper rises. This is xv-q 35epy)jh5h- c:r/gm rkzbecause

  A sky diver falls through the air at terminal velocity. The force of air riskhg.-/2i ;+s; bhri5i u xqwesistance on him s 2u5i. xh w;+bi /k-sh;igiqris

  Two Styrofoam balls, of radii R and 2R, are releas30hhfoove1+ f )hw);t.kjmls *tbf s:ed simultaneously from a tall tower. f; s j :tlb.)mhef3+w01hs*f)v hktoo Which will reach the ground first?

  When a small spherical rock of radius r falls through water, it experienceusjo4b3 n v*/ss a drag fo /b*j vs3unso4rce $F=arv$, where $v$ is its velocity and $a$ is a constant proportional to the viscosity of water. From this, one can deduce that if a rock of diameter 2.0 mm falls with terminal velocity, $v$, then a rock of diameter 4.0 mm will fall with terminal velocity .

  Which has the greatest effect oq8eq;,g 2dm6g xzr+ukn the flow of fluid through a narrow pipe? That is, if you made a 10% change in each of the quantities below, which wou8 d;rxgueq+m 26qkz,gld cause the greatest change in the flow rate?

  Two horizontal pipes are the same length, but piprxcx3/pjx, x1lh9 oqr7/e4 owe B has twice the diameter of pipe A. Water undergoes viscous flow in both pipes, subject to the same pressure dipj qx4 xxleh91rxco,3 7o/r/wfference across the lengths of the pipes. If the flow rate in pipe A is Q, what is the flow rate in pipe B?

  Two horizontal pipes have the same diameter, but pipe B is twict 7 a8og1;q-hh1wvr cze as long as pipe A. Water undergoes viscous flow in both pipes, subject to the same pressure difference across the lengths of the pipes. If the flow rate in pipe B is Q, what is the flow rate in pipeo1-v1h;zw8 qg a 7htrc A?

  When soup gets cold, it ofte)h t6netld(1)j7gin tn tastes greasy. This "greasy" taste seems to be associated with oi)1dn(ti je7 h6t)g ltnl spreading out all over the surface of the soup, instead of staying in little globules. To us "physikers", this is readily explained in terms of

  When a tube of diameter d is placed in water, the water rises 7*me 7zw;0nk g(y dvhlto a height h. If the (ng ;77mlyzev *0kdhwdiameter were half as great, how high would the water rise?

  Certain insects, such as the water bug, are sufficient h*be (d.gt;r hp/icyzo 8p/:gajx/ -tly lightweight that they can run on top of water without breaking the surface tension. Water bug A has weight W. Water bug B is twice as big as bug A;. ah(r j/eyxt8obzp*:d-gg/pthc i/ , in all dimensions. That is, bug B is twice as long, twice as wide, etc. What is the weight of bug B?

  Certain insects, such as the water bug, grky+ rd +72iey(dd3a are sufficiently lightweight that they caddyig7a3drr++2ek (y n run on top of water without breaking the surface tension. This is possible because the water, due to surface tension, exerts an upward force on the bottom of the bug's feet. Suppose that the maximum possible upward force on the feet of water bug A is F. Now suppose that water bug B is twice as big as bug A in every dimension. That is, bug B is twice as long, twice as wide, etc. What is the maximum upward force on the feet of bug B?

  A plastic block of dimensions 2.00 cm x 3.00 cm x 4.:+8,+emffg t dn5mzr m00 cm has a mass of 30.0 g. Whagem8n,df+r +mz 5mtf:t is its density?

  A liquid has a specific gravity of 0.357. What vvhy5/2atcn5kq:r uq6 3/ rlsis its density?

  A brick weighs 50.0 N, 72kk p+) uwobpwp03nfand measures 30.0 cm x 10.0 cm x 4.00 cm. What is the maximum pressure it cau+)powpknw027 bpf3k n exert on a horizontal surface?

  A person weighing 900 N is standing .k0-y2xtyv agwi+0i ai2t yf/on snowshoes. Each snowshoe has area $2500 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure on the snow?

  How much pressure (absolute) must a submarinpa98l+k3 2-p z wxeyuye withstand at a depth of 120.0 m in the oceanepp9+z - a2k8uywx3 ly?

  A circular window of 30 cm diameter in a submarine can-n.hm n2:lk 9tyf g;se withstand a maximum force h n k yle-tf.29mnsg;:of $5.20 \times 10^{5} \; N$. What is the maximum depth in a lake to which the submarine can go without damaging the window?

  What is the gauge pressure if the absolute pressure isl vwr*t(8*l2wf;a n i7bcql 9m 300 kPa?

  What is the gauge pressure at a location 15.0 m ktwgq .f9, *oabelow the surface of sea? (The defq9,akwgto .*nsity of seawater is $1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  What is the absolute pressure at a location 15.0 m below the surface of seowy3(n.u cbag :yy8/ eda(7q na? (The densid(a.qog ny3 8nwa y/b (yu:c7ety of seawater is $1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  A 500-N weight sits on the4qq5wwjb*cy3 small piston of a hydraulic machine. The small piston has aqb4* w35wj cyqrea $2.0 \; cm^{2}$. If the large piston has area $40 \; cm^{2}$, how much weight can the large piston support?

  In a hydraulic garage lift, th0ozhfyuw k gi1b -f44 1ss3pu;e small piston has a radius of 5.0 cm and the large piston has a radius of 15 cm. What force must be applied on the small piston in order to lift a car weighing 201; b ku4s s-4gfh yu1wofzp3i0,000 N on the large piston?

  A 13,000 N vehicle is to be lifted by a 25 cm diameter hydraulic piston. What4bpop ge j/u(/;c2) r,pxs9mx ovhg 7p force needs to be applied to a 5.0 cm diameter piston t ,omc2grj4p)xu/;phx(pg 9v obs p7/eo accomplish this?

  The small piston of a hydraulic lift has a diameoly hwyz *ti+b39 j7ge892jwgter of 8.0 cm, and its large piston has a diameter of 40 cm. The lift raises a lylteyj*jwigw 392hg8 9+ 7obzoad of 15,000 N.
(a) Determine the force that must be applied to the small piston    $N$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the pressure applied to the fluid in the lift    $\times 10^5 \; Pa$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A block of metal weighs 40 N in air and b jx2j cel;4t82ewwx530 N in water. What is the buoyant force of the 8ceej;5xxj wbl2t4w2 water?

  An object has a volume of ;ad/re.sm-s7 odbb:z*tz c; y $4.0 \; m^{3}$ and weighs 40,000 N. What will its weight be in water?

  A 4.00-kg cylinder of solid iron is supported by a string while submerwy8.; fpj z g tqqz;)x5+zenob *v/2-qiqkw,c ged in water. What ito-e+x;*qf kww)2 z.ig8zjy5vqcnz; b,pq / qs the tension in the string? (The specific gravity of iron is 7.86.)

  If the density of gold iw: w+4lbtcwk;s $19.3 \times 10^3 kg/m^{3}$, what buoyant force does a 0.60-kg gold crown experience when it is immersed in water?

  A crane lifts a steel submarfsy.-7:;o bb -5v cf-dbwg n39fv quvgine (density = $7.8 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$) of mass 20,000 kg. What is the tension in the lifting cable (1) when the submarine is submerged, and (2) when it is entirely out of the water?

  An object weighs 7.84 N when it is in air and 6.86 N when qq:;;(eu1(z cu 3iychy 6cpn lit is immersed in water. Whatp(ci uh y; 3l;z 1eccnqy6q:u( is the specific gravity of the object?

  A container of water is placirh e-u x3 f1,kg61zrced on a scale, and the scale reads 120 g. Now a 20-g piece of copper (specific gravity = 8.9) is suspended from a thread and lowered into the r63hf 1kez i1r-,cg xuwater, not touching
the bottom of the container. What will the scale now read?

  A piece of aluminum with a mass of 1.0 kg a8:gced kcgo7ts2 bw+/nd density of $2700 \; kg/m^{3}$ is suspended from a string and then completely immersed in a container of water. The density of water is $1000 \; kg/m^{3}$.
(a) Determine the volume of the piece of aluminum    $\times 10^{-4} \; m^3$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the tension in the string after the metal is immersed in the container of water $N$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A cylindrical rod of length g10l1wcfi:k.tkzfax,6n-ax( qbz p.12 cm and diameter 2.0 cm will just barely float in water. What is itbzl1 0ktpwgxz q: kca 1i.fax(,-nf .6s mass?

  A rectangular box of negligible mass meascvak6-*ds y- rv3sq g2.5j63zinlrao ures 5.0 m long, 1.0 m wide, and 0.50 m high. How many kilograms of mass can be loaded onto t3oskv35a6r 62*- v-glysq.a zjnr id che box before it sinks in a lake?

  A $1.0 m^{3}$ object floats in water with 20% of it above the waterline. What does the object weigh out of the water?

  An object floats with half it;v2nk d/hygwcg,a l ;q/ /lh;vs volume beneath the surface of the water. The weight of the didqgl ;gk2y,/ hvc/v ;h;wnla/splaced water is 2000 N. What is the weight of the object?

  A solid object floats in water with threip opw )zp2-- gx;siw5e-fourths of its volume beneath the surface. What is the o)5p oiizw-s- 2p;gpwxbject's density?

  A 200-N object floats with three-fourths of 8 rhdc:g-)frq:h y.q ilz7e 2qa2o5xv its volume beneath the surface of the water. Whaiqfd8. q)x2oc:z7gy r2 qva5l-reh:h t is the buoyant force on the object?

  A polar bear of mass 200 kg stands on an ice floe 100 cm thick. What is the m7 e adkv( ip+cs;ye*rcbt h.60inimum area of the floe that will just support the bear in saltwater of spe+h v.0b pcdyekit;es*c6 a(r7cific gravity 1.03? The specific gravity of ice is 0.98.

  Liquid flows through a pipe of diameter 3.0 cm at 2.0 m/s. Find thl ( 2bxknn 27 ds(zj9(1 vmqziuv3igp4e flow rate.

  Liquid flows through a 4.0 cm diameter pipe at 1.0 m/s. T,0irpqv)r4qcdh mof2 lza8+ 7here is a 2.0 cm diameter restrlpa)4mqr +,ifdqr 82 zho 0cv7iction in the line. What is the velocity in this restriction?

  Water flows at 12 m/s in a horizontal pipe with a pre6koo;zg(;o mc m0)et lssure of $3.0 \times 10^4 \; N/m^2$. If the pipe widens to twice its original radius, what is the pressure in the wider section?

  How much pressure does it take for a pump to sr* r;.1quj ijha+y- youpply a drinking fountain with 300 kPa, if the fo+yuyojarr.1; i qh*-juntain is 30.0 m above the pump?

  A hole of radius 1.0 mm occurs in the bottom of a water storage tank thbzvjrp cq7d*s1,lp9 ipfu:pm e0z+(2at holds water at a depth of 15 m. At what rate will water flow out of the hdp q9(* z2p, +:1u fivj 0mpsrbpzle7cole?

  Water flows through a horiz4 xgg(ch nk/r9ontal pipe of cross-sectional area $10.0 \; cm^{2}$ at a pressure of 0.250 atm. The flow rate is $1.00 \times 10^{-3} \; m^{3}/s$. At a valve, the effective cross-sectional area of the pipe is reduced to $5.00 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure at the valve?

  SAE No. 10 oil has a viscosity of 0.2 gy7,t:kssq5qbtp1 n 60 Pa-s. How long would it take to pour 4.0 L of oil thrbq56gn skqsp:yt1t7 ,ough a funnel with a neck 15 cm long and 2.0 cm in diameter? Assume the surface of the oil is kept 6 cm above the top of the neck, and neglect any drag effects due to the upper part of the funnel.

  Suppose that the build-up of fatty tissue on the wall of an artery decrea vvxksvs(9v(bw 5v m;3sed the radius by 10%. By how much would the pressure provided by the heart have to be increased to maintain a constant blvx5(s;m 3w vsvk9vvb(ood flow?

  Two narrow tubes are6iq sk pwduo;q(b)j73 placed in a pan of water. Tube A has twice the diameter of tube B. ; 3u7 dqbs)ko6(jqpi w If water rises 24 cm in tube A, how high will it rise in tube B?

  The surface tension of water is 0.073 N/m. How high will water rise in a-m/wm mw04g3 u3urz g6fduc j3a8:d os capillarczd30mm8/4 w3mod6uugj3w:sf ra u-gy tube of diameter 1.2 mm?

  232

  To what height would water at 0 degree C;ldra oo1)*qgasnvd5gn3 j :9elsius rise in a glass capillary tube with a di3o1 vn d;dj r)9qag ol:*na5gsameter of
0.50 mm?

  A narrow tube is placed vertically in a pan of water, and the water rises in n6pov w l;h*fj/3rxhg2x6f3sthe tube to 4.0 cm above the level of the pan. The surface tension in the liquid is lowered to one-half its oriwpnh/662g3; f xsvfhl3xj* orginal value by the addition of some soap. What happens to the height of the liquid column in the tube?

  Consider a rectangular frame of length 0.120 i2ayuo+; w,fja;kng * m and width 0.600 m with a soap film formed within its confined area. If the surface tension of soapy water is 0.0260 N/m, how much force does thenuo+f2a;ya ,iwg*; k j soap film exert on the 0.600 m side?

  An adjustable rectangular frame has loiwexwf dw/w 1g//yb3,s:i .tength 12 cm and width 5 cm, and is built in such a way //wwix3e,1.b:sy o wgwtd /ifthat one of the longer sides can be moved without bursting the soap film contained in the frame. Soapy water has surface tension 0.026 N/m. How much work is required to move the adjustable long side so that the frame is 12 cm square?