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习题练习：Physics Unit15: Laws of Thermodynamics
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 作者: physics    总分: 71分  得分: _____________

答题人: 游客未登录  开始时间: 22年08月15日 12:53  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the Tnr0 ,3b1 gdee.mc;nkjx/ 3h rx-V graph is an


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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isothermal process, ther/4n wg-wuu):3ahhje6p z4ab je is no change in

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of t1nnkd3u l*ju xyb8n h9 r:yh+1hermodynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isothermal process,

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is expanded to twice its original volume with no chamnm y0 0gq)o-snge in its temperature. This pro 0qs-)0ygm nmocess is

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5#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressed isothermally w6uuvoik )wal0o 2*l5 1cb/rhfrom 30 L to 20 L. During this process, 6.0 J of energy is expended by the external mechanism that compressed the gas. Whub10r5lh2o wcw*ka) uol/i6vat is the change of internal energy for this gas?

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6#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressed to one-half its original volume during an isothfqebg:-xtsv8k :6:s;ei0ku / l *pzusermal process. The final ppez/-uq;l86uxegbst isk k*s :f0v::ressure of the gas

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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is expanded isothermally from 20 L to 30 L. Duf mi:qzh0uf zot6:q7zu o7 :z+ring this process, 6 J of energy is expended by the external mechanism that expanded the gas. Which of the following statements is cozq:7o z6h zuimqf t0:+ofz:7u rrect?

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is quickly compressed in an isolated environment. During t,-egaphgs/r8 uwr9jx+2vm g; he event, the gas exchanged ex,8svjgpgrhr 29u+/;m- gw ano heat with its surroundings. This process is

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9#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of t0) nkoe(d *o8 et-jhkshermodynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an adiabatic process,

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10#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic ideal gas is compressed to one-half its original volume during an adl8ba3lk)x w. (yh,zo biabatic process. Thx3yk (wb ohl)b.a8l ,ze final pressure of the gas

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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders of gas identical in all respects except that one co kr7-2akn5 ypjntains -k7apkrnj2y 5 $O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater temperature increase?

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders of:h cp2 lvmv( geaah dt27w,)q0 gas identical in all respects except that one contains t0(wc ,l)pgha mq2 :h vea2v7d$O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater pressure increase?

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the PV7gyl439.zsv)lr su d k diagram is an


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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isobaric process, there is no+ m)x0*cl me o/+ilzhg change in

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodynamics,/dh.yt. t4a pt nzk6ltann531 $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isobaric process,

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is allowed to expand at constant pressure as heat is added to t if r0l-h235 3 )hhjcr9apaep.ww6gqit. This process. wgehjf3hra cra2)i-whlp9 q50p 3 t6 is

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energmwt gme1/ .km;8m -dkgy are transferred to a sample of ideal gas at constant pressure. As a result, the internal energy 8 tmgm.;e-/k m1wk mdgof the gas

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown onyxo7qx ic t(7gu*.q5t3arjk . the PV diagram is


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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, there i hq . qzn( k (5:gdr9aqrzdbprm.8b0z9s no change in

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermoa,i li zce510ddynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isochoric process,

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is confined to gzqd*s2*hn7 guyl ) s2a rigid container that cannot expand as heat energy is added th2gds2 z*gyn *) suq7lo it. This process is

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energy are transferred to a sample of ideal gas atce2+(rvn sga 2 constant volume. As a result, the internal energy of the g(2 r2 e+nscvgaas

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23#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first law of k v9/v ax3oyinp.r2c4thermodynamics.
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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transfer heat from a iq,7 n)ole)fa:-+fsz ejru156esutr hot reservoir to a cold reservoir?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transfzn h50umq25.a y/ eamrer heat from a cold reservoir to a hot reservoir?

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26#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second law of thermodynamics according to Cl5+ uub-md7 yep-s l:* j biv*hrx4ju9nausius.
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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is taken through the cycle illustl,) gec7 lhww6y*w4 gsrated here. During one cycle, how much work is done by an engine operating on twl 4s6lc*wy7),ggehw his cycle?


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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a heat engine is defined as the ratio of ieqx4d 8l+vi2k b1 q 0d05jvxlsh,l6h

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the theoretical efficiency of a Carnot engine is to be 1-xxl9 xj,yf: q00%, the heat sink mu9x ,x :xlyjf-qst be

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A Carnot cycle consists ofhb6pxl 6jtlf7 87k6cn4lrw* a

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31#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give the Kelvin-Planck statement of the second law of thermodynamics80xg *d:c: t0l smbvzc3vh a*z.
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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of performance (COP) of a refrigerator r6rpu1 d9kn:,p(nnw9j lt7-aqb g8j o is defined as the ratio of79a lo nprnr(k ,gdjb6qp1w89t jun-:

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of performance (COP) of a heat pumpr 50qzuz1u;pu is defined as the ratio of

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When water freezes, the entropyij:)3/ jwpbqp re:3r p of the water

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  According to the second law of thermodynamics, for any process taf,diy 8qy.fm o2j4x:60lq rm hat may occur within an isolated system, which one of the choices appl2dj0q:q ifa8m64y l,.fo yrm xies?

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36#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give a general statem ,lb t;bkjkq*2 3 n4c:98mt4 w:p8tntqqyk walent of the second law of thermodynamics.
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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The second law of thermodynamih ja*lj1rnz vq5j75)rcs leads us to conclude that

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal process, 5.0 J of heat is removed from an ideal gfm ab,ypx6*i2zt;i4p v*fw*s as. What is the change in inteivp f bt*xs*z* m2awf4;pi,y6rnal energy?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal process, 5.0 J 91of(uwa/f)bpcib9 uof heat is removed from an ideal gas. What is the wc ia /o1(9uuf9pbfwb)ork done in the process?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The work done on an ideal gas system in an isothermal processeu is u4g go19ja2l 5b2tn*7er is -400 J. What is t15bn*e7iogut l us9ra2j2 g4 ehe change in internal energy?

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  200 J of work is done in compressing a gas adiate c0aw :8 ox:dx9yvr1batically. What is the change in internal energya1w9 tv:0y xxde:8cro of the gas?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas undergoes an adiabatic :aen: 3;ip u9lwz,uadh/u)i q process while doing 25 J of work. What is the change in internal enuu , piqndzh;ea3)/i 9:u: wlaergy?

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, the internal energy of a system decreases by l23z+ha02(wo aoylv t50 J. What is the work doneoz+ 22 (l0aot3lvwa yh?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric procz g 7sgj08)euness, the internal energy of a system decreases by 50 J. What is uj0g7n 8g) zsethe heat exchange?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A certain amount of a monatomic gas zs7v-ack::l i1q, mbcis maintained at constant volume as it is cooled by 50 K. This feas b1v: i-,7lz :caqcmkt is accomplished by removing 400 J of energy from the gas. How much work is done by the gas?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic gas is cool1hgd h-n b +2n ewl pc)842 t7hiev/oppi-qfa)ed by 50 K at constant volume when 831 J of energy is removed from it. How manyf8c7 i4pne2lp t /)hgovbh1-na hpq)d2-w ei + moles of gas are in the sample?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A system consists of 3.0 kg of watgi6uni 1-6t; s/brngwoh6+k der at $80 ^{\circ}C$. 30 J of work is done on the system by stirring with a paddle wheel, while 66 J of heat is removed. What is the change in internal energy of the system?

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine receives 7000 J of heat and loses 3000 J in eaj qd9/qzh9f/p x ;3fvbch cycle. What is the efficiency93dz j;vxqf9p //fhqb?

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an efficiency of 35.0% and receiveg 18x lm6cd)tqxg ,- ttmh;gx.s 150 J of heat per cycle. How much work does it -m tgcgtx.d g)m;8tx q,x1hl 6perform in each cycle?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an efficiency of 35.0% and receives 150 J of heat per cyclzn8xr5s: mru80 q5kave. How much heat does it exhaust ku5x ravn88r0ms z:5q in each cycle?

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51#
 
  303

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 kcal of heat each cycle and exhausts 42 kcalczh+, t arsz6+ ryg.:u. Calculate the efficiency of each cyc+rtsaz6y+ cr,uz : h.gle.

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs .bum . ah8/gvkd.f c8n64 kcal of heat each cycle and exhausts 42 kcal. Calculate the work done ead8/ 8fnvm.ha g.ukbc.ch cycle.

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built sood8o(-cw i -,+qv 6hjwhx)wrq far has the following characteristics: combustion chamber temperature)qi-wr8xdwjov hoh+( , w-cq6 = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the actual efficiency of this engine?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficiehvr w) 0u /f-xegw)5xnnt engines built so far has the following characteristics: combustion chamber temperfw/w)rn- gx 0 vx5u)heature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the Carnot efficiency of this engine?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient eniw i9z;pq;4 wpwae0j1 gines built so far has the following characteristics: combustion cham 0iw9wz j1e;p wip4;aqber temperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the power output, in hp, of this engine?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of electric power. The plant um kqn4ywf r2;;ses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the overall efficiency of the plant for generating electric power?

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of electric power. Thfp v 9)fbk6tu7:)i mf;yfa. nce plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the Carnot efficiency?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of electric podk n+*xx-. dwb) 7hscb*ts -xbp ma7g)wer. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. How much thermal energy is exhausted each day?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the Carnot efficiency of an engine which ope1jcegky)o2 /pf r.s8 trates between $450 ^{\circ}K$ and $310 ^{\circ}K$?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the maximum t4 mltr(,p9hdmi+zmu8 q/ ,dgsheoretical efficiency possible for an engine operating betweei( umms,8 thpz ,m+ 9gdqd4r/ln $100 ^{\circ}C$ and $400 ^{\circ}C$?

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62#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a Carnot engine is 35.0%. What is the temperature of the aj*0/jv )bhixcold reservoir if the temperature of*j 0a/xv) ihjb the hot reservoir is $500 ^{\circ}K$?

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63#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine operating betwj-f l*ea:xfk6 een $40 ^{\circ}C$ and $380 ^{\circ}C$ has an efficiency 60% of that of a Carnot engine operating between the same temperatures. If the engine absorbs heat at a rate of 60 kW, at what rate does it exhaust heat?

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64#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes heat f/xmms/hg8j+8.n- df arg4vz+e ,zv/ tes xtw0rom the freezing compartment at the rate of 20 kJ and ejects 24 kJ into a04g. vwte,8 xz s+nm s+ j/rv-x/fgzea8dh/tm room per cycle. How much work is required in each cycle?

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65#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes heat from they;9wymr m ds a5y4/2li freezing compartment at the rate of 20 kJ and ejects 24 kJ into a room per cy2d 4yl 9wyim5/;amr sycle. What is the coefficient of performance?

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66#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During each cycle of operation, a refrigerator absorbs 230fyd; 5oxe)ym 6a*jq1x J of heat from the freezer and expels 356 J of heat to the room. How much work input ix*5)qy dy;1ej am6foxs required in each cycle?

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67#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the change in entropy when 50 g of ice melt jka2(02ew;d6 wwyxy b z*ibj *at $0 ^{\circ}C$?

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68#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When 0.50 kg of ice fr58ev 0w; kji:+/f ra -lucoarkeezes, the change in entropy is

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69#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  1.0 kg of steam at $100 ^{\circ}C$ condenses to water at $100 ^{\circ}C$. What is the change in entropy in the process?

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70#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A container of ideal gas at STP undergoes an isothermal expansion and its c9kp5wrz /qy fq8e- l4entropy changes e zpw lyc8/9fq5rq4k -by
3.7 J/e K. How much work does it do?

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71#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A piece of metal at ,:cf2u qw.vq :on/o ln$80 ^{\circ}C$ is placed in 1.2 L of water at $72 ^{\circ}C$. The system is thermally isolated and reaches a final temperature of $75 ^{\circ}C$. Estimate the approximate change in entropy for this process.

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