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习题练习：Physics Unit15: Laws of Thermodynamics
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 作者: physics    总分: 71分  得分: _____________

答题人: 匿名未登录  开始时间: 22年08月15日 12:53  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the T-V gra cx 42:v0fveurkk 5:vfph is an


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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isothermal process, there isq*xg;unin-t/x4*i 6wuv u,pe 6frtj 6 no change in

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law o z2fenf7oie 0,wu3pk8xm)- +cw poj*sf thermodynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isothermal process,

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is expanded to twice itsmjqw*fu:m. qs:d(k :*fj c ts+ original volume with no change in its temperatured+mctjfufk: *.mj (:qws *:s q. This process is

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5#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressed isothermally from 30 L to 20 L. During this procesarrf ggag67 x 7t.6rhc,:nqb5s, 6.0 J of energy is expended by the external mechanism that compressed ,t x7qggrc.:7f 6 ba5rhar g6nthe gas. What is the change of internal energy for this gas?

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6#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressed to one-half its ori5nxc5fnw +f9u ginal volume during an isothermal process. The final pre 5cwxufn 9+n5fssure of the gas

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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is expanded isothermally from 20 L to 30 L.urw8gmu3-ce6; sfh 0s During this process, 6 J of energy wrg 6e-fc ;h08 smuus3is expended by the external mechanism that expanded the gas. Which of the following statements is correct?

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is quickly compressed in an iz bbszioq:y6)on61u y musb ;v--1: josolated environment. During the event, the gas exchanged6 s6y-obvmi oqy o bbuz)::1su1z-j;n no heat with its surroundings. This process is

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9#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodynamics,tx:e0kc kne0y6 (r 2sa $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an adiabatic process,

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10#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic ideal gas :0z4c jk- xppzi*pfw-is compressed to one-half its original volume during an adiabatic process. The final pressure of the ga*xp4-pp: fw0zzci-kjs

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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders of gas iden7y t z2x.y8pb 5l7ovwatical in all respects except that one contains zl7 72owbtyxyapv8.5 $O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater temperature increase?

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders of gas identicaneev580*: cnwzz6 pjd l in all respects except that one contains nvpc:0 jzd z*e68ne5w $O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater pressure increase?

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the PV diagram irx5d5c9r w *bis an


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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isobaric process, there is no c )otg w-ge4 6mvo5sgv8hange in

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodynamice+ ue6*ucz6x ts, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isobaric process,

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is allowed to expand at constant pressure as heat is added to dfalr(r d(r+ hf2*z*bit. This process isz lh* adbfd r(r2r*(f+

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energy are tr7ms wd0 y7li*bui82w aansferred to a sample of ideal gas at constant pressure. As a result, the internal eneruls20 7i *d8iwabmyw7gy of the gas

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the PV diagram i(6vzxrg +ahkoe -k(0d4*dmjn s


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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, there is no change pxiy7hbdf.(l.g mc /pb 5a- i7in

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of ha+* m12 nziyithermodynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isochoric process,

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is confined to a rigid container that cannot expand as heat energy isn(uu 1o4 wqpr( added to n1 r(o4uuq (wpit. This process is

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energy arle/ yqd*tg, l x:p5v.n97j smhe transferred to a sample of ideal gas at constant volume. As a result, tmly:,ql. dtj 79ps he*gx5/nvhe internal energy of the gas

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23#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first law of thermodynamicsp1p dch20da-etub,7m .
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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transfer heat from a hot resefn 0x rbk1wa rc7/k1;1wmsp0lrvoir to a cold reservoir?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transfer heat frr9x axnu8km7tr1 1z wbd:u+5dom a cold reservoir to a hot reservoir?

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26#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second law ofu,l n,n(z evqca6pw,0 thermodynamics according to Clausius.
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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is taken through the cycle illustrated here. Durij0txr8(f;8.tl:y xwhb fszh en;,1id .xj il7ng one cycle, how much work is done by an engine operating on l8f jrx:t deh0ti .(yh7nfsb1x;ijw 8,x;l.z this cycle?


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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a heat engine is defined as the y*hye h77j5zwu hlz jb ao*uqufsk;00 8;u x8-ratio of

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the theoretical efficiency of a Carnot engine is to be 100%, the heat sink2luz*rl yvi9 rn) *aq0 must bel2qli90*r a*ry) uv nz

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A Carnot cycle consistwf7apnow4wn9q: b6x; s of

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31#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give the Kelvin-Planck statement of q4bsl- bja3- afxfeyt.0 ,*wlot;.wnthe second law of thermodynamics.
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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of performance (COP) of a refrigerator is defi9c z(gx8a.ctrtt0tad0g c y h00p(v* sned as the ratio ot h(g0xt trca8vs0*.(0 z9apgc dc0 tyf

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of performance (COP) of a heat pump is defined as wmv+g3cl d4 6m *wgt+bthe ratio of

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When water freezes, the entrop,sdkkkh/. l jaq,h+u,y of the water

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  According to the second law of thermodynamics, for any process thatmm1v,eecc + ab9e4 abw2cpgs ,(*k eehar 3l8, may occur within an isolated system, which one of the choiceb 3 8aecwal,,ahveee,+4c bms 9(12m*cg keprs applies?

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36#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give a general statement of the second law of thermodynamil:7w nmj/.ulucs.
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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The second law of thermodynamics leads us to conclude thab tugau0c*;.ft

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal process, 5.0 J of heat is removed from an ideal gas. Wha -udqa:):pd5b sizp*kt is the change in internduq:)a -b d5:ikp*zs pal energy?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal process, 5.0 J of heat is removed from xne+gcaj so/);6/ qe nan ideal gas. What is the work done );/na6xnjec+eo g /sqin the process?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The work done on an wo khphj,(7+jh57g dwideal gas system in an isothermal process is -400 J. What is the change iwhp5h7gh+ 7(j j,kw don internal energy?

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  200 J of work is done in compressing a ga uf2p(ybv5 fv+s adiabatically. What is the change in interuffbp( +y v52vnal energy of the gas?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas undergoes an adiabatic process while doiy lb9iey/ssiqb,(0 q 4a 2j5dct +bgx9ng 25 J of work. What is t9sy49t aj5/ybqile,b0bxq+d (ci g 2she change in internal energy?

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, the internal energy of a system decrl e+ji )dqq- 2gy3a,yueases by 50 J. What is the wor 3eju+gy qqiy2l,)a-dk done?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, tp-,+s/+ ncfsitj- onmhe internal energy of a system decreases by 50 J. What is the heat-m,/sj s tpni +-fo+cn exchange?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A certain amount of a monatomic gas xx3)plna,rdx4 mds5 u 3s:r 4,-aa hjgis maintained at constant volume as it is cooled by 50 K. This feat is accomplished by remo)d,x xg4d:a4r,jpuaxm3 -nr3s5s ah lving 400 J of energy from the gas. How much work is done by the gas?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic gas is cooled by 50 K at conmgtxod kak)3p-rb;*d( 3 5sjjstant volume when 831 J of energy is removed frg trj3bpoj )dd-5k;*mka 3x(som it. How many moles of gas are in the sample?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A system consists of)mh*dk. nou-a z uj9s g1m6c6x 3.0 kg of water at $80 ^{\circ}C$. 30 J of work is done on the system by stirring with a paddle wheel, while 66 J of heat is removed. What is the change in internal energy of the system?

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine receives 7000 J of h:;4hn8gb tli n0bu c) ye z*7wgv-y,nheat and loses 3000 J in each cycle. What is the efficu 0;y: bn wy)7 nggehz,*itn8v4lb-hciency?

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an efficie:fw* m tpap7w j bla;q*1f;a-ancy of 35.0% and receives 150 J of heat per cycle. How mucwwl q-;a:*b1a *;7t f jaapmfph work does it perform in each cycle?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an efficiency of 35.0% and receives 150 J of heat per cycle. koangi;2:ma07uim8k2 n hc - dH80k2mnadam - c;n2:ho giu7ikow much heat does it exhaust in each cycle?

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51#
 
  303

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 kcal of heat each cycle and exhausts )y b7j 9,nlov;xt wzi942 kcal. Calculate the efficiency of each cycle. i 97,;xwo)vzb9lytnj

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 kcal of heat e *(umkl 5eo .)kedlmf/e.7 oglach cycle and exhausts 42 kcal. Calculate the work done eacfg .k/ duokmmo(lee)e.7l*5l h cycle.

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so m3 + u z o32,o3dhhd9z ylru7du3h(hq cm59dspfar has the following characteristics: combum 9 cs 5du29yh3p7uz3 3(l3mz ddqhuh,rd+ohostion chamber temperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the actual efficiency of this engine?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines b2i,q viv6yd/y uilt so far has the following characteristics: combustion cha/y62,ivqyvid mber temperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the Carnot efficiency of this engine?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient qiiyc24ubab mw-yl g*1;;,y gengines built so far has the following characteristics: combustion chamber temperature qmyyl ;uacw,gb41- *g;iby2 i = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the power output, in hp, of this engine?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant gen.hbl8zm88bqlfw2xg.+. xoarerates 600 MW of electric power. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the overall efficiency of the plant for generating electric power?

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of electric power. Th7. ydnvspzg+ :e plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the Carnot efficiency?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generatesu;z*z u ikf8. vy-9zoi 600 MW of electric power. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. How much thermal energy is exhausted each day?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the Carnot efficiency of an engine which operates betw*se-lurx;g*j cz) y*uz:i f 4aeen $450 ^{\circ}K$ and $310 ^{\circ}K$?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the maximum theoretical efficiency possible for an quo)i4r+t ,8d (fe,t h*yio 3a3rt gbhengine operating betwee igh4t oh(ar*q3+ )yb,3ot,tfd8 er uin $100 ^{\circ}C$ and $400 ^{\circ}C$?

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62#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a Carnot engine is 35.0%. What is the tem : vmuurwfm.vu:v;p9( perature of the cold reservoir if the temperature of the .mwfuvv:( vr: uu9m; phot reservoir is $500 ^{\circ}K$?

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63#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine operating betwu e1 x da6tus(a2e6i4vet33 mween $40 ^{\circ}C$ and $380 ^{\circ}C$ has an efficiency 60% of that of a Carnot engine operating between the same temperatures. If the engine absorbs heat at a rate of 60 kW, at what rate does it exhaust heat?

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64#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes head 4yzp 2:830r 0z;fbx kmtinpkt from the freezing compartment at the rate of 20 kJ and ejects 24 4mk bpd py2f xi:80 t3k;z0rnzkJ into a room per cycle. How much work is required in each cycle?

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65#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes heat from the freezing compartmextpyw3j lmp f).m*84 knt at the rate of 20 kJ and ejects 24 kJ into a room per cycle. p f38kxt4 mmw. )*jpyl What is the coefficient of performance?

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66#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During each cycle of operation, a refrigerator absorbs 230 Jv3e t,r-n6huin)wln/ of heat from the freezer and expels 35urn ,nt) - iv3wln6/he6 J of heat to the room. How much work input is required in each cycle?

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67#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the change in entropy when 50 g of ices/-+,ogqu lu u melt at $0 ^{\circ}C$?

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68#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When 0.50 kg of ice freezes, the changezmry2 5xi2j)o in entropy is

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69#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  1.0 kg of steam at $100 ^{\circ}C$ condenses to water at $100 ^{\circ}C$. What is the change in entropy in the process?

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70#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A container of ideal gas at STP undergoes an isothermal expansion and itsgo -293kacu a4wlbv unp.x58c(r iarpd9k ;,d entropy cr,a( d k-ar vlub x3a59g2n8.wk;popc49iud changes by
3.7 J/e K. How much work does it do?

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71#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A piece of metal at ao*stpty6x lk97 8:6uwa0kqk$80 ^{\circ}C$ is placed in 1.2 L of water at $72 ^{\circ}C$. The system is thermally isolated and reaches a final temperature of $75 ^{\circ}C$. Estimate the approximate change in entropy for this process.

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