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习题练习：Physics Unit15: Laws of Thermodynamics
本习题练习试卷来源于51fly国际课程 (https://51fly.win)， 为试卷打印版，您也可以在网站平台(https://51fly.win/)直接 访问本试卷的在线电子版并查看正确答案与解析，搜藏保存任意题目到收藏集。 访问方法: 平台首页左上角"通过试卷号快速访问"输入试卷号 73，并点击直达试卷；或浏览器地址栏内直接输入本试卷链接 https://51fly.win/test73.html  教师使用本平台可以抽题组卷或一键复制他人试卷，布置为在线考试或在线作业，全自动判分成绩一键排序导出，省时省力。
 作者: physics    总分: 71分  得分: _____________

答题人: 游客未登录  开始时间: 22年08月15日 12:53  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on thdg1p 5g9ju:ycx5d jj ,e T-V graph is an


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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isothermal process, there is no chang m4q a gxumrp-ue8t,e0yrpp/o ..r 0)fe in

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodynamic/)ggd54p4mui 1k zr vqs, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isothermal process,

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is expanded to twice its original volume with no change as.v0oo 0 bwqc.5nxh5in its temperature. This vw0 o.a5.05hqos bnxc process is

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5#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressed isothermally from 30 8 h 7ypy7hmo.u-tnea +L to 20 L. During this process, 6.0 J of energy is expended by the external mechanism that compressed the gas. What is the change of internal energy for thatm - hn8ey.yo7uhp7 +is gas?

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6#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressed to one-half its original volume during an isothe my r:h3( /c;8kvwpvgf4ibd3 ermal process. The final pressurmw3d k(r ;4fhivv8/:g3c yepbe of the gas

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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is expanded isothermally from 20 L to 30 L. During this p1gng y -pdvsml.c/z7 *rocess, 6 J of energy is expended by the external mechanism that expanded the gas. Which of the following-vmdlp* cgz. ys7/ 1gn statements is correct?

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is quickly compressed in an isolated environment. During 9 z,ogh)* xwb24gtma hthe event, the g )*ghwha zto4xb 9g2,mas exchanged no heat with its surroundings. This process is

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9#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodynamics, qtn0ggc2.4zi.z: ttf $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an adiabatic process,

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10#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic ideal gas is compressed to one-half its original volume during-ibj don1xf4 v2* oub8p;n pf8 an adiabatic process. The final pressure of ux8o -i *81pn;2pvd bn4fofjbthe gas

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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders of gas identical in ax5v -ji g29kwlll respects except that one containsw9il5kgxjv -2 $O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater temperature increase?

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders of gas identical in all respects+5 efluv-3 bpy 0kerv /: v1juo3q4ibr except that one containsjvyu:p 31u efikre-5vq0r+/bv o3lb 4 $O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater pressure increase?

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the Pia obh 83:g0 rmia79gdV diagram is an


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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isobaric process, there is no change infp* ;tmx g+c(yd4x*i o

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodynam *p1y4 h*no65nzyjiwz ics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isobaric process,

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is allowed to expand at constant pressure as heat is adde -9 g3nw)e1kyjwe5g:,ma 44ybfalmijd to it. This processw yj-gf)k44ale wgime3195y b:am jn , is

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energy are transferred to a sample of ideal gasus -w/2s:0 f /gyvhtih at constant pressure. As a result, the internal energy of thvys sfh:i-2/u/ w0t hge gas

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on theiu8qu v be u-1fbew3a5+bf :p/ PV diagram is


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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, there is no :,5ut p oxleo6change in

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodynamics6ntsn -tb3kqqq7k rv 2 pr8 g00znu22c, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isochoric process,

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is confined to a rigid container thauz:93 0rfu b1qgg+lfat cannot expand as heat energy is added to it. This process fgbgf:ru+az1 93ul q0is

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energy arel: +3agws /lnplx ( u(xc5g1lp transferred to a sample of ideal gas at constant volume. As a result, the ia:(xwg/lun(l5lc p+gl3s xp1 nternal energy of the gas

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23#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first law of th 0wc3zvc frt th*-0p7hermodynamics.
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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transfer heat from a hot r f g.rq/zdtz5*eservoir to a cold reservoir?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transfer her(: *sigxnfa mx-+ fc/at from a cold reservoir to a hot reservoir?

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26#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second law of thermodynamics according to Clasn1zjo3spc q:ag k72.usius.
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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is taken through the cycle illustrjs a3bpob 11.rated here. During one cycle, how much work is done by an engin s.b11r3apb oje operating on this cycle?


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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a heat engine is defius;j13 pt. ev;px4pzv ned as the ratio of

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the theoretical efficiency 3z -v w-/jdqd v snnp3ttas250of a Carnot engine is to be 100%, the heat sink must be/-s3w0n 5vvtn -dzp3sj2qa dt

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A Carnot cycle consists p79k ha+2u7m v9 bg;,tsizlalof

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31#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give the Kelvin-Planck statement of the second law of thermodyn,ctw)2hvt x 3;*bi 58uae wjimamics.
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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of performa dhjt6 :f8c9zwnce (COP) of a refrigerator is defined as the ratio off9tc:h d6z8jw

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of performance (COP) of a heat pump is defined -h6zjtx pxlcwrr4 q0; rl(*u*as the ratio of

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When water freezes, the ,tp 8mk.-x1afh a ohz(q-ly4 pentropy of the water

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  According to the second law of thermodynamics, for any process that may occur wig7r5)n -63fniinxl kd thin an isolated syn7x-kir)nfln3 i d5g 6stem, which one of the choices applies?

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36#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give a general statement of the second law of thermodynamics.t-pgrc53:piin-h+0h8x be* 5pea s cs
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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The second law of thermodynamics leads uszsm rxv)w7. *s to conclude that

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal process, 5.0 J of heat is removed from an ideal gas. W(9wvzjjc 8j4 hyq+-l dhat is the change in internal energy- hq9j+4cvjl y8z(dwj?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal process, 5.0 J of heat is remove,mous w 5 vttq9n51he/d from an ideal gas. What is the woro5 se19u,q5 hn/vmttwk done in the process?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The work done on an ideal gas system in an isothermal proc 4f7rv7 gmx6nuess is -400 J. What is the chaxgmvu76 7r4nfnge in internal energy?

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  200 J of work is done in compressing a gas adiabaticallyz:ax vaea;6 7d mo a3j8zu*e6a. What is the change in internal6 8a6m*:;vaojzz3 u e aadxea7 energy of the gas?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas undergoes an adiabatic processhnsm -c2dt )m6 while doing 25 J of work. What is the chan2dm6-s hnmct )ge in internal energy?

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, the internal energy of a system decreases by 50 J. ;2 ctc8z*/6idlwbwig5iwem + jt2 f+e What is the work d6+iw; wgi+52 t 2di/ *ewjfebmczlt8cone?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, the internal energy owh r0f 9p.i8wm22ftjrf a system decreases by 50 J. What if.2wj2rrt8w 9m0 pfhis the heat exchange?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A certain amount of a monatomic gas is maintained at constant volume as81b24xjybsnxxi 7y g/ (a;uis it is cooled by 50 K. This feat is accomplished by removing 400 J of energub 1/4ybs 87ij y sn;xxx(2giay from the gas. How much work is done by the gas?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic gas is co7 qae*gs wun):oled by 50 K at constant volume when 831 J of energy is removed from it. n:eq )a7 uw*sgHow many moles of gas are in the sample?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A system consists of 3.0 kg of wat-dt962cxgca ier at $80 ^{\circ}C$. 30 J of work is done on the system by stirring with a paddle wheel, while 66 J of heat is removed. What is the change in internal energy of the system?

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine receives 700h:)8jqgxi1 )(xenezxgwa, e +0 J of heat and loses 3000 J in each cycle. What is the effici8)1hagwe: ex)xgi+(,zxen qj ency?

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an efficiency of 35.0% and receives 150 J of heat vhr 4j o 8zl-2tiq0.axper cycle. How much work does it perform in each cyc q0lhv-t4ior2j a.x 8zle?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an efficiency of 35.0% and receives 150 J of heat per cycle. .,t1n m 791kko llugmf6jd0bp;6aja pvta -1 n How much heat does it exhaus; t jv k1glo.nkat601nb jd a-aupp,fm 7l691mt in each cycle?

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51#
 
  303

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 kcal of heat26 +ock1 sykmn each cycle and exhausts 42 kcal. Calculate the effo2 k +n1c6ksmyiciency of each cycle.

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 kcal of heat each cycllqxaig1 .:7q, ub.czle and exhausts 42 kcal. Calculate the work done each c1.gbl:a7qzlqu i,. xcycle.

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so fp-ch gelqe4 hu+:,gos1(t t r-ar has the following characteristics: combustion chamber temuel(c 4qt ,tr +gho1h --pgs:eperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the actual efficiency of this engine?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so far has the following chara 1(0 1q/g:/pn(fkzlba 6lb*b mx.nnjqvex*co cteristics: c(qfo jpgcbv1/.lxk bn0mb*(/nza l6q*nex1:ombustion chamber temperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the Carnot efficiency of this engine?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines buil 1vea) w+2uml8o cvkm1t so far has the following characteristics: combustion chambervoe kw+m8l) m 21vuac1 temperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the power output, in hp, of this engine?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant gener *m8psjm -4tnkates 600 MW of electric power. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the overall efficiency of the plant for generating electric power?

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates m. )uig8sycxxq0 b;r 9600 MW of electric power. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the Carnot efficiency?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of er8nq bk /bs86t9;hx,okjb; ik lectric power. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. How much thermal energy is exhausted each day?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the Carnot efficiencx4 0g leyhgv+-*cvqfxpss:o u2 y7:3by of an engine which operates between $450 ^{\circ}K$ and $310 ^{\circ}K$?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the maximum theoretical efficiency possible fj p e wvq-ske*/*fe+/jor an engine operating betwks-ej*e jev* q w/f+p/een $100 ^{\circ}C$ and $400 ^{\circ}C$?

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62#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a Carnot engine is 35.0%. Wh1ya/1xng w*t jat is the temperature of the cold reservoir if the temperature of the hot rey w* t1xgnj1a/servoir is $500 ^{\circ}K$?

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63#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine operatcwuty05 inj6 6l0q:naing between $40 ^{\circ}C$ and $380 ^{\circ}C$ has an efficiency 60% of that of a Carnot engine operating between the same temperatures. If the engine absorbs heat at a rate of 60 kW, at what rate does it exhaust heat?

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64#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes heat from the freezing compartment at thee/uo t,ga* zmtys7-c, rate of 20 kJ and ejects 24 kJ into a room,a-/ gecs otmzy7u,t* per cycle. How much work is required in each cycle?

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65#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes heat from the freezing compaw. l0 yovba9co/bd *4jrtment at the rate of 20 kJ and ejects 24 kJ into a room per cyclwa.dj /c y4 0lob*9vboe. What is the coefficient of performance?

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66#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During each cycle of operation, a refrigerator absorbs 230 J of heh2 h -2deyw*4rp(ihi sr(*perat from the freezer and expels 356 J of heat to the room. How much work input iieh2r -r2(pihd*4eyh( w rsp*s required in each cycle?

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67#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the change in entropy when 50 g of ice melt 40 6jep2j kg g0edrn8jat $0 ^{\circ}C$?

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68#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When 0.50 kg of ice freezes, the change in en26wk hjm/bp .ktropy is

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69#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  1.0 kg of steam at $100 ^{\circ}C$ condenses to water at $100 ^{\circ}C$. What is the change in entropy in the process?

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70#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A container of ideal gas at STP undergoes an isothen r/) h1ry.opurmal expansion and its entropy chpy un1. or/rh)anges by
3.7 J/e K. How much work does it do?

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71#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A piece of metal at dzw))ni dg).o $80 ^{\circ}C$ is placed in 1.2 L of water at $72 ^{\circ}C$. The system is thermally isolated and reaches a final temperature of $75 ^{\circ}C$. Estimate the approximate change in entropy for this process.

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