2623_Quick_Lab_Dino_Eggs_and_the_Boltzmann_Distribution

1.1   2448_1.1_What_are_Atoms_Elements_Compounds_and_Mixtures_[SL_IB_Chemistry]

1.2   2449_1.1_What_are_State_Symbols_[SL_IB_Chemistry]

1.3   2450_1.1_Application_of_State_Symbols_(s)_(l)_(g)_and_(aq)_Plus_Properties_[SL_IB_Chemistry]

1.4   2451_1.1_Explanation_of_observable_changes_during_state_change_names_of_state_change_[SL_IB_Chemistry]

1.5   2452_1.1_Chemical_and_Physical_Changes_[SL_IB_Chemistry]

1.6   2453_1.1_Deduce_chemical_equations_when_all_reactants_products_are_given_[SL_IB_Chemistry]

1.7   2454_1.1_Utilization_Freeze_Drying_and_Refridgeration_[SL_IB_Chemistry]

1.8   2455_1.1_The_negative_environmental_impacts_of_refrigeration_and_AC_(CFCs)_[SL_IB_Chemistry]

1.9   2456_1.2_Apply_the_Mole_Concept_to_Substances_[SL_IB_Chemistry]

1.10   2457_1.2_Determine_the_number_of_particles_amount_of_substance_(in_moles)_[SL_IB_Chemistry]

1.11   2458_1.2_Define_Relative_Atomic_Mass_(Ar)_and_Relative_Molecular_Mass_(Mr)_[SL_IB_Chemistry]

1.12   2459_1.2_Molar_Mass_[SL_IB_Chemistry]

1.13   2460_1.2_Identify_the_mole_ratio_of_any_2_species_in_a_chemical_equation_[SL_IB_Chemistry]

1.14   2461_1.2_Solve_problems_with_substances_in_moles_mass_and_molar_mass_[SL_IB_Chemistry]

1.15   2462_1.2_Empircal_and_Molecular_Formula_[SL_IB_Chemistry]

1.16   2463_1.2_Determine_empirical_formula_from_the_%_composition_other_data_[SL_IB_Chemistry]

1.17   2464_1.2_Determine_molecular_formula_given_empirical_formula_data_[SL_IB_Chemistry]

1.18   2465_1.3_Avogadros_Law_of_Reacting_Gases_Molar_Volume_[SL_IB_Chemistry]

1.19   2466_1.3_Utilization_Gas_Volumes_Air_Bags_and_TNT_[SL_IB_Chemistry]

1.20   2467_1.3_Calculate_theoretical_yields_from_chemical_equations_[SL_IB_Chemistry]

1.21   2468_1.3_Determine_the_limiting_reactant_and_the_reactant_in_excess_[SL_IB_Chemistry]

1.22   2469_1.3_How_to_Solve_Problems_on_Theoretical_Experimental_and_Percentage_Yield_[SL_IB_Chemistry]

1.23   2470_1.3_Solve_problems_using_the_ideal_gas_equation_PV_=_nRT_[SL_IB_Chemistry]

1.24   2471_Gas_Law_Question_The_Zombie_in_a_Box

1.25   2472_Ideal_Gas_Question_Dr_Atkinson_and_the_Barrel

1.26   2473_Ideal_Gas_Question_Dr_Atkinson_and_the_Airlock

1.27   2474_Ideal_Gas_Question_The_Monster_in_the_Box

1.28   2475_Ideal_Gas_Question_Dr_Atkinson_and_the_Sarlacc

1.29   2476_1.3_Analyse_graphs_relating_to_the_ideal_gas_equation_[SL_IB_Chemistry]

1.30   2477_1.3_Distinguish_between_solute_solvent_solution_and_concentration_[SL_IB_Chemistry]

1.31   2478_1.3_Solve_Problems_Using_Concentration_Amount_of_Solute_and_Volume_SL_IB_Chemistry

1.32   2479_1.3_Making_a_Standard_Solution_SL_IB_Chemistry

1.33   2480_1.3_What_is_a_Part_per_Million_ppm_SL_IB_Chemistry

1.34   2481_1.3_Solve_problems_on_T_P_and_V_for_a_fixed_mass_of_an_ideal_gas_SL_IB_Chemistry

2.1   2482_2.1_Rutherford_s_Gold_Foil_Experiment_SL_IB_Chemistry

2.2   2483_2.1_Relative_masses_charges_and_positions_of_the_subatomic_particles_SL_IB_Chemistry

2.3   2484_2.1_Define_mass_number_A_atomic_number_Z_and_isotopes_SL_IB_Chemistry

2.4   2485_2.1_Nuclear_Symbol_Equations_SL_IB_Chemistry

2.5   2486_2.1_Calculate_non_integer_RAM_abundance_of_isotopes_from_given_data_SL_IB_Chemistry

2.6   2487_2.1_Simple_Uranium_Isotope_Enrichment_Nuclear_Power_Weapons_SL_IB_Chemistry

2.7   2488_2.2_Continuous_vs_Line_Spectra_SL_IB_Chemistry

2.8   2489_2.2_Electromagnetic_Spectrum_SL_IB_Chemistry

2.9   2490_2.2_The_Line_Spectrum_of_Hydrogen_SL_IB_Chemistry

2.10   2491_2.2_Write_electron_configurations_for_atoms_and_ions_up_to_Z_=_36_SL_IB_Chemistry

2.11   2492_2.2_Energy_Levels_and_the_Number_of_Orbitals_SL_IB_Chemistry

2.12   2493_2.2_State_the_relative_energies_of_s_p_d_f_orbitals_in_an_energy_level_SL_IB_Chemistry

2.13   2494_2.2_Draw_the_shapes_of_s_px_py_and_pz_orbitals_SL_IB_Chemistry

2.14   2495_12.1_Evidence_of_Energy_Levels_by_1st_I.E._Trends_Across_a_Period_HL_IB_Chemistry

2.15   2496_12.1_How_Successive_I.E._is_Related_to_the_Atom_s_Electron_Configuration_HL_IB_Chemistry

2.16   2497_12.1_Describe_the_Electromagnetic_Spectrum_E=hf_HL_IB_Chemistry

2.17   2498_12.1_Limit_of_Convergence_and_Calculations_HL_IB_Chemistry

3.1   2499_3.1_Periodic_Table_spdf_groups_periods_metals_non_metals_semimetals_names_SL_IB_Chemistry

3.2   2500_3_Periodicity_Definitions_SL_IB_Chemistry

3.3   2501_3.2_Trends_in_Atomic_Radii_SL_IB_Chemistry

3.4   2502_3.2_Trends_in_Electronegativity_SL_IB_Chemistry

3.5   2503_3.2_Trends_in_1st_Ionisation_Energy_SL_IB_Chemistry

3.6   2504_3.2_Changes_of_ionic_to_covalent_basic_to_acidic_of_period_3_oxides_SL_IB_Chemistry

3.7   2505_3.2_Trends_in_Metallic_and_Non_Metallic_Properties_SL_IB_Chemistry

3.8   2506_3.2_Describe_and_explain_5_trends_in_Group_1_and_Group_17_SL_IB_Chemistry

3.9   2507_3.2_Discuss_the_similarities_differences_in_chemical_properties_in_same_group_SL_IB_Chemistry

3.10   2508_3.2_Trends_in_Electron_Affinity_SL_IB_Chemistry

3.11   2509_3.2_Trends_in_Ionic_Radii_SL_IB_Chemistry

3.12   2510_13.1_Transition_Metal_Properties_Overview_HL_IB_Chemistry

3.13   2511_13.1_Why_do_Transition_Metals_Have_Variable_Oxidation_States_HL_IB_Chemistry

3.14   2512_13.1_Transition_Metals_their_Complexes_and_Magnetism_HL_IB_Chemistry

3.15   2513_13.1_Why_are_Complexes_Coloured_HL_IB_Chemistry

3.16   2514_13.2_Effect_of_ligands_on_splitting_of_d_orbitals_in_transition_metal_complexes_HL_IB_Chemistry

3.17   2515_13.2_Polydentate_Ligands_HL_IB_Chemistry

3.18   2516_13.2_What_are_the_Reasons_for_the_Different_Colours_of_Complexes_HL_IB_Chemistry

3.19   2517_BONUS_Define_the_term_ligand_in_Bin_Laden_s_compound_HL_IB_Chemistry

3.20   2518_BONUS_Explain_why_some_complexes_of_d_block_elements_are_coloured_HL_IB_Chemistry

4.1   2519_The_7_Types_of_Chemical_Bonding_An_Overview_SL_IB_Chemistry

4.2   2520_4.1_Describe_the_Ionic_Bond_as_an_Attraction_Between_Ions_SL_IB_Chemistry

4.3   2521_4.1_Describe_how_ions_can_be_formed_as_a_result_of_electron_transfer_SL_IB_Chemistry

4.4   2522_4.1_Deduce_which_ions_form_when_elements_in_groups_1_2_and_13_lose_electrons_SL_IB_Chemistry

4.5   2523_4.1_Deduce_which_ions_will_be_formed_when_groups_15_16_and_17_gain_electrons_SL_IB_Chemistry

4.6   2524_4.1_Describe_the_lattice_structure_of_ionic_compounds_and_why_they_are_solid_SL_IB_Chemistry

4.7   2525_4.1_Conductivity_of_Ionic_Compounds_SL_IB_Chemistry

4.8   2526_4.1_Volatility_and_Solubility_of_Ionic_Compounds_SL_IB_Chemistry

4.9   2527_4.1_Polyatomic_ions_you_need_to_know_SL_IB_Chemistry

4.10   2528_4.1_9.1_Names_of_Compounds_using_Oxidation_Numbers_SL_IB_Chemistry

4.11   2529_4.1_Ionic_Liquids_IB_SL_Chemistry_not_examined_by_IB

4.12   2530_4.2_Covalent_bond_is_an_electrostatic_attraction_SL_IB_Chemistry

4.13   2531_4.2_Describe_how_the_covalent_bond_is_formed_via_electron_sharing_SL_IB_Chemistry

4.14   2532_4.2_Is_compound_covalent_via_the_position_in_periodic_table_or_electroneg_SL_IB_Chemistry

4.15   2533_4.2_Predict_if_a_compound_of_2_elements_is_ionic_using_the_table_of_EN_values_SL_IB_Chemistry

4.16   2534_4.2_State_the_relationship_between_the_number_length_strength_of_bonds_SL_IB_Chemistry

4.17   2535_4.2_Relative_polarity_of_bonds_from_electronegativity_values_SL_IB_Chemistry

4.18   2536_4.3_What_is_an_Electron_Domain_SL_IB_Chemistry

4.19   2537_4.3_Pre_Video_VSEPR_and_Charge_Centers_SL_IB_Chemistry

4.20   2538_4.3_What_is_a_Dative_Covalent_bond_SL_IB_Chemistry

4.21   2539_4.3_Predict_the_Shape_and_Bond_Angles_of_Simple_Species_SL_IB_Chemistry

4.22   2540_4.3_The_delocalization_of_electrons_and_resulting_structures_Resonance_SL_IB_Chemistry

4.23   2541_4.3_Allotropes_of_Carbon_and_Their_Properties_SL_IB_Chemistry_HL_in_notes

4.24   2542_BONUS_Describe_and_compare_the_structure_and_bonding_in_the_three_allotropes_of_carbon

4.25   2543_HP_REVEAL_Augemented_Reality_Diamond_Graphite_and_Fullerene_SL_HL

4.26   2544_4.3_Lewis_structures_of_molecules_ions_for_up_to_4_electron_pairs_on_each_atom_SL_IB_Chemistry

4.27   2545_4.3_Molecular_Shapes_2_and_3_Electron_Domains_animations_angles_shapes_SL_IB_Chemistry

4.28   2546_4.3_Describe_the_structure_of_and_bonding_in_silicon_and_silicon_dioxide_SL_IB_Chemistry

4.29   2547_BONUS_Augmented_Reality_Demo_Try_it_at_Home_Molecular_Geometry

4.30   2548_4.3_Predict_molecular_polarity_from_molecular_shape_and_bond_polarities_SL_IB_Chemistry

4.31   2549_4.4_What_are_Dipole_Dipole_Intermolecular_Forces_SL_IB_Chemistry

4.32   2550_4.4_What_are_Hydrogen_Bonds_SL_IB_Chemistry

4.33   2551_4.4_What_are_London_Dispersion_Forces_SL_IB_Chemistry

4.34   2552_4.4_Deduction_of_intermolecular_forces_via_structure_chemical_formula_SL_IB_Chemistry

4.35   2553_4.4_Explanation_of_the_volatility_of_covalent_compounds_SL_IB_Chemistry

4.36   2554_4.4_Why_are_most_Covalent_Compounds_Insulators_SL_IB_Chemistry

4.37   2555_4.4_Solubility_of_Simple_Covalent_Compounds_SL_IB_Chemistry

4.38   2556_4.5_Describe_the_Metallic_Bond_as_the_Electrostatic_Attraction_SL_IB_Chemistry

4.39   2557_4.5_Trends_in_Metal_Melting_Points_SL_IB_Chemistry

4.40   2558_4.5_Alloys_SL_IB_Chemistry

4.41   2559_4.5_Why_are_Metals_Malleable_and_Good_Conductors_SL_IB_Chemistry

4.42   2560_14.1_Formal_Charge_HL_IB_Chemistry

4.43   2561_14.1_What_is_the_Bonding_in_Ozone_plus_calculation_HL_IB_Chemistry

4.44   2562_14.1_Molecular_Shapes_5_Electron_Domains_animations_angles_shapes_HL_IB_Chemistry

4.45   2563_14.1_Molecular_Geometry_5_Electron_Domains_Lewis_and_Wedge_Dash_Diagrams_HL_IB_Chemistry

4.46   2564_14.1_Catalytic_Destruction_of_Ozone_HL_IB_Chemistry

4.47   2565_14.2_Describe_and_bonds_IB_Chemistry_HL_IB_Chemistry

4.48   2566_14.2_Explain_hybridization_as_mixing_of_atomic_orbitals_making_new_orbitals_HL_IB_Chemistry

4.49   2567_14.2_Lewis_hybridization_sp3_sp2_sp_shapes_and_angles_HL_IB_Chemistry

4.50   2568_14.1_Six_Electron_Domains_shapes_Lewis_structures_names_and_angles_HL_IB_Chemistry

4.51   2569_14.1_Molecular_polarities_of_geometries_corresponding_to_5_and_6_electron_domains_HL_IB_Chemistry

4.52   2570_14.1_International_Mindedness_Ozone_Depletion_HL_IB_Chemistry

5.1   2571_Introduction_to_Bond_Energies_enthalpies

5.2   2572_5.1_Temperature_vs_Heat_SL_IB_Chemistry

5.3   2573_5.1_Temperature_change_enthalpy_change_with_exo_and_endothermic_reactions_SL_IB_Chemistry

5.4   2574_5.1_Energy_change_when_the_temperature_of_a_substance_is_changed_SL_IB_Chemistry

5.5   2575_5.1_Suitable_experimental_procedures_for_measuring_energy_changes_of_reactions_SL_IB_Chemistry

5.6   2576_5.1_Calculate_the_energy_value_of_a_food_from_enthalpy_of_combustion_data_SL_IB_Chemistry

5.7   2577_5.1_Calculate_enthalpy_change_for_a_reaction_using_experimental_data_mcdeltaT_SL_IB_Chemistry

5.8   2578_5.1_Evaluate_experiments_to_determine_enthalpy_changes_SL_IB_Chemistry

5.9   2579_5.1_Define_Standard_State_Enthalpy_change_of_formation_and_combustion_SL_IB_Chemistry

5.10   2580_5.1_Delta_Hf_and_Delta_Hc_calculations_SL_IB_Chemistry

5.11   2581_5.2_Hess_s_Law_SL_IB_Chemistry

5.12   2582_5.3_Exothermic_Endothermic_Delta_H_Energy_Profiles_SL_IB_Chemistry

5.13   2583_5.3_Introduction_to_Energy_Diagrams_exo_vs_endo_SL_IB_Chemistry

5.14   2584_5.3_Deduce_via_enthalpy_level_diagrams_the_stabilitiy_of_reactants_and_products_SL_IB_Chemistry

5.15   2585_5.3_Define_the_term_Average_Bond_Enthalpy_SL_IB_Chemistry

5.16   2586_5.3_Average_Bond_Enthalpy_Calculations_SL_IB_Chemistry

5.17   2587_5.3_Ozone_SL_IB_Chemistry

5.18   2588_15.1_What_is_Lattice_Energy_HL_IB_Chemistry

5.19   2589_15.1_Energy_Cycles_lattice_solution_hydration_HL_IB_Chemistry

5.20   2590_15.1_Explain_how_the_relative_sizes_charges_of_ions_affect_lattice_enthalpies_HL_IB_Chemistry

5.21   2591_15.1_Construct_a_Born_Haber_cycle_for_group_1_and_2_oxides_and_chlorides_HL_IB_Chemistry

5.22   2592_15.1_Born_Haber_Cycle_for_Barium_Chloride_hardest_IB_could_do

5.23   2593_15.1_What_Affects_the_Enthalpy_of_Hydration_HL_IB_Chemistry

5.24   2594_15.2_Predict_the_entropy_change_for_a_given_reaction_or_process_HL_IB_Chemistry

5.25   2595_15.2_Calculate_the_standard_entropy_change_for_a_reaction_HL_IB_Chemistry

5.26   2596_15.2_Sign_of_Delta_G_HL_IB_Chemistry

5.27   2597_15.2_Two_ways_to_work_out_delta_G_HL_IB_Chemistry

5.28   2598_15.2_Explain_how_Temperature_Changes_Delta_G_HL_IB_Chemistry

5.29   2599_15.2_17.2_Delta_G_Theta_=_RTlnK_Gibbs_and_Equilibrium_Constant_calculations_HL_IB_Chemistry

5.30   2600_BONUS_Define_and_apply_the_terms_lattice_enthalpy_and_electron_affinity_HL_IB_Chemistry

5.31   2601_Born_Haber_Cycle_Calcium_Oxide_Gmod

6.1   2602_6.1_Describe_Collision_Theory_SL_IB_Chemistry

6.2   2603_6.1_What_is_the_Rate_of_Reaction_definition_graphs_SL_IB_Chemistry

6.3   2604_6.1_Simple_Kinetic_Theory_SL_IB_Chemistry

6.4   2605_6.1_Analyse_data_from_rate_experiments_SL_IB_Chemistry

6.5   2606_6.1_Describe_experimental_procedures_for_measuring_rates_of_reactions_SL_IB_Chemistry

6.6   2607_6.1_Define_the_Term_Activation_Energy_SL_IB_Chemistry

6.7   2608_6.1_Predict_and_explain_via_collision_theory_changes_in_temp_surface_area_conc._SL_IB_Chemistry

6.8   2609_6.1_Describe_the_effect_of_a_catalyst_on_a_chemical_reaction_SL_IB_Chemistry

6.9   2610_6.1_Sketch_and_Explain_the_Maxwell_Boltzmann_Energy_Distribution_Curve_SL_IB_Chemistry

6.10   2611_6.1_Boltzmann_Distribution_and_Catalysis_SL_IB_Chemistry

6.11   2612_16.1_Rate_constant_overall_order_of_reaction_order_of_reaction_HL_IB_Chemistry

6.12   2613_16.1_Deduce_the_Rate_Expression_for_a_Reaction_from_Experimental_Data_HL_IB_Chemistry

6.13   2614_16.1_Mechansim_and_Rate_Determing_Step_HL_IB_Chemistry

6.14   2615_16.1_Solve_problems_involving_the_rate_expression_HL_IB_Chemistry

6.15   2616_16.1_Reaction_mechanism_order_of_reaction_and_rate_determining_step_HL_IB_Chemistry

6.16   2617_16.1_Sketch_identify_graphical_representations_for_0_1st_2nd_order_reactions_HL_IB_Chemistry

6.17   2618_16.2_Describe_qualitatively_the_relationship_between_rate_constant_and_temp_HL_IB_Chemistry

6.18   2619_16.2_Using_the_Arrhenius_Equation_to_find_Ea_HL_IB_Chemistry

6.19   2620_16.2_Arrhenius_Equation_k1_k2_T1_T2_HL_IB_Chemistry

6.20   2621_16.2_Energy_Diagrams_and_Mechanisms_HL_IB_Chemistry

6.21   2622_Boltzmann_Distribution_Recap_via_Jigsaw_template_included

7.1   2624_7.1_Outline_the_characteristics_of_systems_in_a_state_of_equilibrium_SL_IB_Chemistry

7.2   2625_7.1_Apply_Le_Chatelier_s_principle_SL_IB_Chemistry

7.3   2626_7.1_How_do_I_Derive_Kc_from_a_Chemical_Equation_SL_IB_Chemistry

7.4   2627_7.1_The_Magnitude_of_Kc_SL_IB_Chemistry

7.5   2628_7.1_What_Happens_to_Kc_When_the_Equilibrium_Equation_Coefficients_are_Changed_SL_IB_Chemistry

7.6   2629_7.1_What_is_the_Difference_Between_Kc_and_Q_SL_IB_Chemistry

7.7   2630_7.1_State_and_Explain_the_Effect_of_a_Catalyst_on_an_Equilibrium_Reaction_SL_IB_Chemistry

7.8   2631_7.1_Describe_the_equilibrium_between_liquid_and_vapour_with_temperature_change_SL_IB_Chemistry

7.9   2632_17.1_Solve_homogeneous_equilibrium_problems_using_the_expression_for_Kc_HL_IB_Chemistry

8.1   2633_8.1_What_are_Bronsted_Lowry_Acids_and_Bases_SL_IB_Chemistry

8.2   2634_8.1_Deduce_the_formula_of_the_conjugate_acid_base_of_any_Bronsted_Lowry_base_acid_SL_IB_Chemistry

8.3   2635_8.1_Conjugate_Acid_Base_Pairs_SL_IB_Chemistry

8.4   2636_8.1_What_is_the_Difference_Between_Amphiprotic_and_Amphoteric_SL_IB_Chemistry

8.5   2637_8.2_Outline_the_characteristic_reactions_of_acids_and_bases_in_aqueous_solution_SL_IB_Chemistry

8.6   2638_8.3_Distinguish_between_acidic_neutral_or_alkaline_solutions_using_pH_SL_IB_Chemistry

8.7   2639_8.3_Identify_which_solution_is_more_acidic_or_alkaline_using_pH_values_SL_IB_Chemistry

8.8   2640_8.3_State_that_each_change_of_one_pH_unit_represents_a_10_fold_change_in_H_SL_IB_Chemistry

8.9   2641_8.3_Deduce_changes_in_H_when_pH_of_a_solution_changes_by_more_than_one_pH_unit_SL_IB_Chemistry

8.10   2642_8.3_Solve_problems_involving_H_aq_OH_aq_pH_SL_and_pOH_HL_IB_Chemistry

8.11   2643_8.3_State_the_meaning_of_Kw_the_ionic_dissociation_of_water_SL_IB_Chemistry

8.12   2644_8.4_Distinguish_between_strong_and_weak_acids_and_bases_IB_Chemistry_SL_IB_Chemistry

8.13   2645_8.4_Distinguish_between_strong_weak_acids_bases_using_experimental_data_SL_IB_Chemistry

8.14   2646_8.4_Strong_Acids_have_Weak_Conjugate_Bases_SL_Chemistry

8.15   2647_8.5_Sources_of_acidic_gases_in_acid_rain_plus_fixes_SL_IB_Chemistry

8.16   2648_8.5_Acid_Deposition_Sources_Effects_and_Equations_SL_IB_Chemistry

8.17   2649_18.1_Deduce_if_a_species_could_act_as_a_Bronsted_Lowry_and_or_a_Lewis_acid_base_HL_IB_Chemisty

8.18   2650_18.1_What_are_Lewis_Acids_and_Bases_HL_IB_Chemistry

8.19   2651_18.1_Define_acids_and_bases_according_to_the_Bronsted_Lowry_and_Lewis_theories_HL_IB_Chemistry

8.20   2652_18.2_Deduce_H_and_OH_for_water_at_different_temperatures_given_Kw_values_HL_IB_CHemistry

8.21   2653_18.2_State_the_equation_for_reaction_of_weak_acid_base_in_water_and_express_Ka_Kb_HL_IB_Chemistry

8.22   2654_18.2_Ka_Kb_=_Kw_pKa_pKb_=_pKw_HL_IB_Chemistry

8.23   2655_18.3_Sketch_the_general_shapes_of_graphs_of_pH_against_volume_for_titrations_HL_IB_Chemistry

8.24   2656_18.3_State_explain_how_the_pH_range_of_an_indicator_relates_to_its_pKa_value_HL_IB_Chemistry

8.25   2657_18.3_Identify_an_appropriate_indicator_for_a_titration_HL_IB_Chemistry

8.26   2658_18.3_Deduce_whether_salts_form_acidic_alkaline_or_neutral_aqueous_solutions_HL_IB_Chemistry

8.27   2659_18.3_Describe_the_composition_of_a_buffer_solution_and_explain_its_action_HL_IB_Chemistry

9.1   2660_9.1_How_do_I_Assign_Oxidation_States_SL_IB_Chemistry

9.2   2661_9.1_Examples_and_Definitions_of_Oxidation_and_Reduction_SL_IB_Chemistry

9.3   2662_9.1_Identify_the_Oxidizing_and_Reducing_Agents_in_Redox_Equations_SL_IB_Chemistry

9.4   2663_9.1_Deduce_whether_an_element_undergoes_oxidation_reduction_via_oxidation_numbers_SL_IB_Chemistry

9.5   2664_9.1_Deduce_simple_oxidation_and_reduction_half_equations_given_the_redox_reaction_SL_IB_Chemistry

9.6   2665_9.1_Deduce_redox_equations_using_half_equations_SL_IB_Chemistry

9.7   2666_9.1_How_to_Balance_in_Acidic_Solution_SL_IB_Chemistry

9.8   2667_9.1_Activity_Series_SL_IB_Chemistry

9.9   2668_9.1_Deduce_the_feasibility_of_a_redox_reaction_from_a_given_reactivity_series_SL_IB_Chemistry

9.10   2669_9.1_Winkler_Experiment_for_Dissolved_Oxygen_Chemical_equations_too_SL_IB_Chemistry

9.11   2670_9.2_Explain_how_a_redox_reaction_is_used_to_produce_electricity_in_a_voltaic_cell_SL_IB_Chemistry

9.12   2671_9.2_Electrolysis_Terminology_Basics_SL_IB_Chemistry

9.13   2672_9.2_Describe_using_a_diagram_the_essential_components_of_an_electrolytic_cell_old_vid_still_ok

9.14   2673_9.2_Electrolysis_of_Molten_Sodium_Chloride_SL_IB_Chemistry

9.15   2674_9.2_Deduce_the_products_of_the_electrolysis_of_a_molten_salt_MORE_EXAMPLES_SL_IB_Chemistry

9.16   2675_9.2_Convention_on_Writing_the_Cell_Cell_Notation_SL_IB_Chemistry

9.17   2676_9.2_Cathode_and_Anode_Identification_in_Voltaic_Cells_and_Electrolysis_SL_IB_Chemistry

9.18   2677_19.1_Describe_the_standard_hydrogen_electrode_HL_IB_Chemistry

9.19   2678_19.1_Define_the_term_standard_electrode_potential_HL_IB_Chemistry

9.20   2679_19.1_Calculate_cell_potentials_using_standard_electrode_potentials_HL_IB_Chemistry

9.21   2680_19.1_Predict_if_a_reaction_will_be_spontaneous_using_standard_electrode_potentials_HL_IB_Chemistry

9.22   2681_19.1_Describe_the_use_of_electrolysis_in_electroplating_HL_IB_Chemistry

9.23   2682_19.1._Determine_the_relative_amounts_of_the_products_formed_during_electrolysis_HL_IB_Chemistry

9.24   2683_19.1_Predict_and_explain_the_products_of_electrolysis_of_aqueous_solutions_HL_IB_Chemistry

9.25   2684_19.1_Delta_G=_nFE_HL_IB_Chemistry

9.26   2685_Quick_Lab_Electrolysis_of_Water_DATA_COLLECTION

10.1   2686_10.1_What_are_the_Features_of_a_Homologous_Series_SL_IB_Chemistry

10.2   2687_10.1_Apply_IUPAC_rules_for_naming_isomers_of_the_straight_chain_alkanes_up_to_C6_IB_Chemistry_SL

10.3   2688_10.1_Deduce_structural_formulas_for_the_isomers_of_the_non_cyclic_alkanes_SL_IB_Chemistry

10.4   2689_10.1_Structural_Isomers_SL_IB_Chemistry

10.5   2690_10.1_Distinguish_between_empirical_molecular_and_structural_formulas_SL_IB_Chemistry

10.6   2691_10.1_Explain_the_Low_Reactivity_of_Alkanes_SL_IB_Chemistry

10.7   2692_10.1_What_are_Skeletal_Structures_in_Organic_Chemistry_SL_IB_Chemistry

10.8   2693_10.1_General_Formula_of_Homologous_Series_SL_IB_Chemistry

10.9   2694_10.1_Functional_Group_Identification_SL_IB_Chemistry

10.10   2695_10.1_Apply_IUPAC_rules_for_naming_the_isomers_of_the_straight_chain_alkenes_SL_IB_Chemistry

10.11   2696_10.1_Deduce_the_isomers_of_the_straight_chain_alkenes_IB_Chemistry_SL

10.12   2697_10.1_What_is_the_Difference_Between_Saturated_and_Unsaturated_Organic_Compounds_SL_IB_Chemistry

10.13   2698_10.1_Naming_Alkynes_and_oxidation_SL_IB_Chemistry

10.14   2699_10.1_Writing_Condensed_Formula_for_Organic_Compounds_SL_IB_Chemistry

10.15   2700_10.1_Introduction_to_Benzene_physical_chemical_back_story_SL_IB_Chemistry

10.16   2701_10.1_Dibromobenzene_isomers_evidence_for_the_orbital_model_of_benzene

10.17   2702_10.1_Identify_Primary_Secondary_Tertiary_Alcohols_Haloalkanes_SL_IB_Chemistry

10.18   2703_10.1_Identification_of_Primary_Secondary_and_Tertiary_Amines_SL_IB_Chemistry

10.19   2704_10.2_Combustion_of_Alkanes_IB_Chemistry_SL_IB_Chemistry

10.20   2705_10.2_Describe_with_equations_the_reactions_of_methane_ethane_with_chlorine_bromine_SL_IB_Chemistry

10.21   2706_10.2_Explain_reactions_of_methane_ethane_with_Cl2_Br2_via_free_radical_mechanism_SL_IB_Chemistry

10.22   2707_10.2_Describe_the_reactions_of_alkenes_with_hydrogen_and_halogens_SL_IB_Chemistry

10.23   2708_10.2_Describe_the_reactions_of_alkenes_with_hydrogen_halides_and_water_SL_IB_Chemistry

10.24   2709_10.2_Outline_the_Polymerisation_of_Alkenes_SL_IB_Chemistry

10.25   2710_10.2_Describe_the_Complete_Combustion_of_Alcohols_SL_IB_Chemistry

10.26   2711_10.2_Describe_using_equations_the_oxidation_reactions_of_alcohols_SL_IB_Chemistry

10.27   2712_10.2_Determine_products_of_oxidation_of_primary_secondary_alcohols_SL_IB_Chemistry

10.28   2713_10.2_Describe_the_substitution_reactions_of_halogenoalkanes_with_hydroxide_SL_IB_Chemistry

10.29   2714_10.2_Electrophilic_Substitution_of_Benzene_less_detail_SL_IB_Chemistry

10.30   2715_10.2_Electrophilic_Substitution_Reactions_of_Benzene_more_detail_SL_IB_Chemistry

10.31   2716_10.2_Nucleophilic_Substitution_SL_IB_Chemistry

10.32   2717_10.2_Reactions_of_alcohols_with_carboxylic_acids_to_form_esters_uses_SL_IB_Chemistry

10.33   2718_20.1_Outline_the_Substitution_Reactions_of_Halogenoalkanes_Sn1_Sn2_HL_IB_Chemistry

10.34   2719_20.1_Stereoinversion_in_Sn2_reactions_HL_IB_Chemistry

10.35   2720_20.1_Describe_and_explain_rates_of_nucleophilic_substitution_HL_IB_Chemistry

10.36   2721_20.1_Explain_why_the_hydroxide_ion_is_a_better_nucleophile_than_water_HL_IB_Chemistry

10.37   2722_20.1_Polar_Protic_Aprotic_Solvent_Choice_in_Sn1_Sn2_Reactions_HL_IB_Chemistry

10.38   2723_20.1_Four_Reduction_Reactions_HL_IB_Chemistry

10.39   2724_20.1_Mechanism_for_the_Nitration_of_Benzene_HL_IB_Chemistry

10.40   2725_20.1_Electrophilic_Addition_to_Alkenes_HL_IB_Chemistry

10.41   2726_20.1_Homo_vs_Heterolytic_Fission_splitting_HL_IB_Chemistry

10.42   2727_20.1_Markovnikov_s_Rule_minor_fix_thanks_thomasnb2_HL_IB_Chemistry

10.43   2728_20.1_Conversion_of_Nitrobenzene_to_Phenylamine_HL_IB_Chemistry

10.44   2729_20.2_Deduce_reaction_pathways_given_the_starting_materials_and_the_product_HL_IB_Chemistry

10.45   2730_20.3_Introduction_to_Isomerism_HL_IB_Chemistry

10.46   2731_20.3_Naming_and_Drawing_cis_trans_Isomers_questions_HL_IB_Chemistry

10.47   2732_20.3_E_Z_Isomerism_Naming_and_Drawing_HL_IB_Chemistry

10.48   2733_20.3_Conformational_Isomers_Newman_Projections_HL_IB_Chemistry

10.49   2734_20.3_Describe_and_Explain_Optical_Isomerism_HL_IB_Chemistry

10.50   2735_20.3_D7_Outline_the_use_of_a_polarimeter_in_distinguishing_between_optical_isomers_HL_IB_Chemistry

10.51   2736_20.3_What_are_Diastereomers_HL_IB_Chemistry

11.1   2737_11.1_Qualitative_verses_Quantitative_Data_Collection_SL_IB_Chemistry

11.2   2738_11.1_Accuracy_vs_Precision_SL_IB_Chemistry

11.3   2739_11.1_Describe_and_give_examples_of_random_uncertainties_and_systematic_errors_SL_IB_Chemistry

11.4   2740_11.1_Digital_and_Analog_Uncertainty_SL_IB_Chemistry

11.5   2741_11.1_Describe_how_the_effects_of_random_errors_uncertainties_may_be_reduced_IB_Chemistry_SL

11.6   2742_11.1_Determine_the_uncertainties_in_results_SL_IB_Chemistry

11.7   2743_11.1_State_uncertainties_as_absolute_and_percentage_uncertainties_SL_IB_Chemistry

11.8   2744_11.1_Perform_calculations_to_the_appropriate_number_of_significant_figures_SL_IB_Chemistry

11.9   2745_11.2_Sketch_graphs_to_represent_dependences_and_interpret_graph_behaviour_SL_IB_Chemistry

11.10   2746_11.2_Draw_best_fit_lines_through_data_points_on_a_graph_SL_IB_Chemistry

11.11   2747_11.3_Index_of_Hydrogen_Deficiency_IHD_SL_IB_Chemistry

11.12   2748_11.3_Electromagnetic_Interactions_with_Atoms_and_Molecules_SL_IB_Chemistry

11.13   2749_11.3_Deduce_the_structure_of_a_compound_given_information_from_1H_NMR_spectrum_SL_IB_Chemistry

11.14   2750_11.3_Determine_the_molecular_mass_of_a_compound_from_the_molecular_ion_peak_SL_IB_Chemistry

11.15   2751_11.3_Analyse_fragmentation_patterns_in_mass_spectra_to_find_compound_structure_SL_IB_Chemistry

11.16   2752_11.3_Describe_how_information_from_an_IR_spectrum_can_be_used_to_identify_bonds_SL_IB_Chemistry

11.17   2753_11.3_Analyse_IR_spectra_of_organic_compounds_SL_IB_Chemistry

11.18   2754_21.1_Explain_the_use_of_tetramethylsilane_TMS_as_the_reference_standard_HL_IB_Chemistry

11.19   2755_21.1_Analyse_1H_NMR_spectra_IB_Chemistry_HL_IB_Chemistry

11.20   2756_A.8_calcs_21.1_no_calcs_X_Ray_Crystallography_Basics_plus_Bragg_Equation_HL_IB_Chemistry

12.1   2757_1._Finding_the_Molar_Mass_of_Lighter_Fuel_DATA_COLLECTION

12.2   2758_1._Finding_the_Molar_Mass_of_Lighter_Fuel_CALCULATIONS_SIG_FIGS_

12.3   2759_2._Aspirin_Tablet_Analysis_via_Titration_with_Potassium_Hydroxide_Standard_DATA_COLLECTION

12.4   2760_3._Experimental_Determination_of_Empirical_Formula_of_Magnesium_Oxide_DATA_COLLECTION

12.5   2761_4._The_Thiosulphate_Clock_DATA_COLLECTION

12.6   2762_5._Hess_s_Law_Magnesium_Sulphate_Hydration_DATA_COLLECTION

12.7   2763_6._Calculating_the_Hydration_of_Copper_ii_Sulphate_Crystals_DATA_COLLECTION

13.1   2764_A1_What_is_the_van_Arkel_Ketelaar_Triangle_of_Bonding_SL_IB_Chemistry

13.2   2765_A2_Electrolytic_Production_of_Aluminium_SL_IB_Chemistry

13.3   2766_A4_LCD_Basics_SL_IB_Chemistry

13.4   2767_A7_Plastics_advantages_and_disadvantages_SL_IB_Chemstry

13.5   2768_A9_The_Chemistry_of_Kevlar

14.1   2769_B2_Draw_the_general_formula_of_2_amino_acids_SL_IB_Chemistry

14.2   2770_B3_Use_and_Abuse_of_Steroids_SL_IB_Chemistry

14.3   2771_B5_Deduce_whether_a_vitamin_is_water_or_fat_soluble_from_its_structure_SL_IB_Chemistry

14.4   2772_B7_Determine_Vmax_and_Michaelis_constant_Km_by_graphical_means_and_explain_HL_IB_Chemistry

15.1   2773_C1_Energy_Overview_SL_IB_Chemistry

15.2   2774_C1_What_makes_a_useful_energy_source_SL_IB_Chemistry

15.3   2775_C1_Renewable_Energy_SL_IB_Chemistry

15.4   2776_C1_Energy_Efficiency_Calculations_SL_IB_Chemistry

15.5   2777_C1_Specific_Energy_Energy_Density_and_Efficiency_Calculations_SL_IB_Chemistry

15.6   2778_C2_Fossil_Fuel_Formation_SL_IB_Chemistry

15.7   2779_C2_Pros_and_Cons_of_Fossil_Fuels_SL_IB_Chemistry

15.8   2780_C2_Fossil_Fuels_Society_Economy_and_Cooperation_SL_IB_Chemistry

15.9   2781_C2_Crude_Oil_Fractions_SL_IB_Chemistry

15.10   2782_C2_Octane_Number_and_Knocking_SL_IB_Chemistry

15.11   2783_C2_Cracking_SL_IB_Chemistry

15.12   2784_C2_Reforming_SL_IB_Chemistry

15.13   2785_C2_Coal_Gasification_and_Liquefaction_SL_IB_Chemistry

15.14   2786_C2_Carbon_Footprint_SL_IB_Chemistry

15.15   2787_C2_Carbon_Footprint_Fuel_Calculations_SL_IB_Chemistry

15.16   2788_C3_Absorption_Line_Emission_and_Continuous_Spectra_SL_IB_Chemistry

15.17   2789_C3_Fission_and_Fusion_incl._alpha_beta_gamma_decay_SL_IB_Chemistry

15.18   2790_C3_Nuclear_Safety_SL_IB_Chemistry

15.19   2791_C3_Chain_Reaction_Critical_Mass_and_Breeder_Reactors_SL_IB_Chemistry

15.20   2792_C3_Simple_Half_Life_Calculations_SL_IB_Chemistry

15.21   2793_C3_C7_Binding_Energy_Graph_SL_Definition_HL_IB_Chemistry

15.22   2794_C4_Photosynthesis_SL_IB_Chemistry

15.23   2795_C4_Biomass_Burning_SL_IB_Chemistry

15.24   2796_C4_Biodiesel_Synthesis_SL_IB_Chemistry

15.25   2797_C5_Global_Warming_Overview_SL_IB_Chemistry

15.26   2798_C5_Why_are_CO2_and_H2O_Such_Good_Greenhouse_Gases_SL_IB_Chemistry

15.27   2799_C5_Phone_Hologram_IR_Absorbtion_of_CO2

15.28   2800_C5_CO2_and_the_Sea_equilibria_SL_IB_Chemistry

15.29   2801_C6_Battery_Basics_Boring_HL_IB_Chemistry

15.30   2802_C6_Three_Fuel_Cells_plus_equations_HL_IB_Chemistry

15.31   2803_C6_Electrolysis_to_Fuel_Cell_to_Electricity_HL_IB_Chemistry

15.32   2804_C6_Thermodynamic_Efficiency_of_a_Fuel_Cell_HL_IB_Chemistry

15.33   2805_C6_Nernst_Equation_Calculations_HL_IB_Chemistry

15.34   2806_C6_Zinc_Carbon_Dry_Cell_Battery_HL_IB_Chemistry

15.35   2807_C6_NiCd_Rechargeable_Battery_HL_IB_Chemistry

15.36   2808_C6_Lead_Acid_Rechargeable_Battery_HL_IB_Chemistry

15.37   2809_C6_Lithium_Ion_Rechargeable_Battery_HL_IB_Chemistry

15.38   2810_C6_Microbial_Fuel_Cells_MFC_HL_IB_Chemistry

15.39   2811_C7_Storage_of_Nuclear_Waste_HL_IB_Chemistry

15.40   2812_C7_Effusion_Diffusion_and_Grahams_Law_HL_IB_Chemistry

15.41   2813_C7_Ionizing_Radiation_Produces_Harmful_Free_Radicals_HL_IB_Chemistry

15.42   2814_C7_Half_Life_Calculations_N=Noe_lamda_t_t1_2=ln2_lamda_HL_IB_Chemistry

15.43   2815_C7_Why_Use_UF6_not_UO2_or_U_in_Diffusion_Separation_HL_IB_Chemistry

15.44   2816_C7_Mass_Defect_HL_IB_Chemistry

15.45   2817_C7_Energy_Mass_Equivalence_Calculations_HL_IB_Chemistry

15.46   2818_C8_Why_is_Silicon_a_Semiconductor_HL_IB_Chemistry

15.47   2819_C8_N_and_P_type_Semiconductors_HL_IB_Chemistry

15.48   2820_C8_Dye_Sensitized_Solar_Cells_DSSC_HL_IB_Chemistry

15.49   2821_C8_Conjugation_in_Dyes_and_Energy_Absorbed_boring_HL_IB_Chemistry

16.1   2822_D1_Six_Ways_to_Administer_Drugs_SL_IB_Chemistry

16.2   2823_D2_Discussion_of_the_effects_of_modifying_the_side_chain_of_penicillins_SL_IB_Chemistry

16.3   2824_D2_Explain_the_importance_of_the_beta_lactam_ring_action_of_penicillin_SL_IB_Chemistry

16.4   2825_D2_D3_Describe_and_Explain_the_Different_Ways_Analgesics_Prevent_Pain_SL_IB_Chemistry

16.5   2826_D3_Discuss_the_advantages_disadvantages_of_using_morphine_and_its_derivatives_SL_IB_Chemistry

16.6   2827_D3_Comparison_of_the_structures_of_morphine_codeine_and_diamorphine_heroin_SL_IB_Chemistry

16.7   2828_D4_State_explain_how_acidity_in_the_stomach_can_be_reduced_by_different_bases_SL_IB_Chemistry

16.8   2829_D5_State_how_Viruses_Differ_From_Bacteria_IB_SL_Chemistry

16.9   2830_D5_Discuss_the_difficulties_associated_with_solving_the_AIDS_problem_SL_IB_Chemistry

16.10   2831_D8_Boron_Neutron_Capture_Therapy_HL_IB_Chemistry

16.11   2832_D8_How_Does_Targeted_Alpha_Therapy_Work_HL_IB_Chemistry

16.12   2833_D7_Describe_the_use_of_chiral_auxiliaries_to_form_the_desired_enantiomer_HL_IB_Chemistry

16.13   2834_D8_Outline_how_NMR_is_used_in_MRI_body_scanners_HL_IB_Chemistry

16.14   2835_D9_Describe_explain_detection_of_ethanol_in_the_breath_the_blood_and_urine_HL_IB_Chemistry