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习题练习:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity



 作者: physics   总分: 61分  得分: _____________

答题人: 匿名未登录  开始时间: 23年05月01日 10:24  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are riding in a spaceship that has no3x9vygq d- 1urv:ihn. windows, radios, or other means for you to observe or measure what is outside. You wish to determine if the ship is stopped or moving at constant velocity. What sh rv3u q .:dxygn1i9-hvould you do?

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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The Michelson-Morley experiment was deqv- jbh12pfb2yn / e)u1x/zho signed to measure

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Michelson and Morley condkeoq()*-u,leh zh8 dcluded from the results of their experiment that

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You can build an interferometer yourg 6weo6o;yfsqf 5 )r/cself if you use the following components:

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5#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the relativity principm*dwervz.9q xz-zp w2s a6:+y 0dxsc6le.
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6#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the three unprovable assumptions of Galileaim0wchx) /(/dsjb9(sd6qm4tjw v*p m n-Newtonian relativity.
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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The theory of special r3e( +a h3)5pqvpzg vqol3hx-aelativity

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of Einstein's postulwyqfit)*sdh 1 4plcz9o y)iz2 m3a88h ates in formulating the special theory of relativity was that the laws of physics are the samsp2 *zlqo)wamy4c3dh8fiti9 zy1 h 8)e in reference frames that

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9#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first postulate of spec.l0 xjnr: tee e-m-a9cial relativity.
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10#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second postulate of speciyuan(.a l;a5x al relativity.
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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If you were to measure your pulse rate while in a spaceship moxfq.0(l 7w 7w,bqif esving away from the Sun at as0 leiwq ,b77wx(.qf f speed close to the speed of light, you would find that it was

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observer, a movingu l( /b jkql8+pqbetgrdp2/.+ clock

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The gamma factor is 9masovz7+75 r 2lylowdefined as $\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Suppose one twin takes a ride in a space ship traveling at a very high speed9idk 2mpqj be6)nmr2 d. ;5 fbdka8jk5 to a distant star and back again, while the other twin remains on Earth. The tw d65k 8p;ra5kqk b2)de9imfj2. mjdbnin that remained on Earth predicts that the astronaut twin is

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationaryu 7jj jmae2j,) observer, a moving object

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction pgsjj9:w.m sj7 arallel to its length with a velocity that approaches the velocity of light. The width of this object, as measured by a stationary sjw9m. 7 :jjsgobserver,

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its l55ca/,)xcou:rcbafow3q(t i d 84j hhmf c( :jength with a velocity that approaches the velocity of light. The length of this object, as measured by a stationary observe5( cb)/5,fh: aiao( j 34tmcdur 8cxwqjofc:h r,

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches theda78m 1 twixtaki 4/rk(( ai8o speed of light, the mass of the particlt m/iad 4ir7 8k(iw(oa1kt8xae

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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle app+5w;6kgfsn8u xwc 2jwq4rbc 5roaches the speed of light, the momentum of the particl2suw+q 4x85g;brw6kj5ncfw c e

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spear is thrown by you at a very high speed. As it passes, you measure -*jjyt* *eta rz2a8n5 e(qez k:8wgvpits length at one-half its norman( etz5ak*v8g e2ytjq aj8*z-pw*:e rl length. From this measurement, you conclude that the moving spear's mass must be

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the kinetic energy of a speedy proton when its rj+:52 -nl wos9pagt vde ;1zg x,ilr4yb,kp9 eelativistic mass doubles?wblp,9njyzx t a-r:l e1 v de5,pg 4s92io;+gk

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the total relativistic energy of a speedy proton when its ry *mb muap(w 0ww23t/qelativistic mass double (m/3wt02b*p awqmuw ys?

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23#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider a particle of massj2i)+llzrvk + (/pbnvi x 3nkv;k80 jz $m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two spaceships, each traveling at 0.50c in a straight line. Ship A is iigm.wryh*p oq7.01y lq1h(dmovi oh0m yiyg1dq1r.7i(l p.q*wh ng directly away from the Sun and ship B is approaching the Sun. The science officers on each ship measure the velocity of light coming from the Sun. What do they measure for this velocity?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which of the following depend2 i n(r yqwucr+vbar98ri-r0 5s on the observer's frame of reference?

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26#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the velocity of your spaceship incri8 j0e*6lfm smeases, you would observe

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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in stzf (d8 q;2is:i2vi zsvill water. With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading ;8z2qisf v :s(2ivzd iupstream?

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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, relative to thep)hk1g;l94.ih xfm+mvp7xn v shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is h+ pm;.mpxx4h 9)flik17nvgvheading downstream?

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, relative7et8z1dh6+5 oqlm uaj to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is headina57+ztm 8qlhu1edjo6 g straight across the river?

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast should a moving clock travel if it is to be observed by a st 0r+zqs eu(xl;ationary observer as running asq(+ elxrz; u0t one-half its normal rate?

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31#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship takes a nonstop journey to a planet p5py j-xiusa o9l9l ;-and returns in 10 hours according to a clock on the spaceship. If the speed of the spaceship is 0.80c, how much time has elapsed on the Ear9 su9 x -alil-yp5o;pjth?

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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A set of twins, Andrea and Courtney, are initially 10 years old. Whc0g 8hnz-7gt lile Courtney remains on Earth, Andrea rides on a space ship which travels away from Earth at a speed of 0lg8h-t7gz 0 nc.6c for five years (as measured by Courtney), then turns around and comes back at 0.6c. When Andrea returns, Courtney is 20 years old. How old is Andrea upon her return?

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One 20-year-old twin brother takes a space trip witymf)b3xf9y1m 4+fn izjhq6 l4h a speed of 0.80c for 30 years according to a clock on the spaceship. Upon returning to the Earth,1 )fj9 6+ml 4yzq4bhyfmfn3ix what is his own age and the age of the Earth-based twin brother?

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A meter stick is moving toward you with a speed of 0.80c. What is itsz9qke3qxt vun1v+ .:j length?

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast would a rocket ship have to move to cont 0w28vfadpuhla )+oae : ,g.t-uxby 3jract to half of its proper length (as observed by a stationalx) atug2:j,puoa8vy wdb .-+a3 0fhery object)?

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36#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The length of a spaceship is 10 m when it is at rest. If the spaceship trav0z vv -/ 442dboa7bgbcpdmh6sels by you with a speed of 0.70c, what length d0mdbv4boghsa v2 -p674/cbz does it appear to you?

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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Cent(mpzz p 4y k(wh:98dcd ;pzj,xauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a (x:h dz(9y4z;d pp8wj , kzcpmconstant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. What distance does the space ship travel according to a passenger on the ship?

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha C1t j ipwilm/t4zh 8r*)entauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a cons14 t8/j hz liiwt)rpm*tant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on board the spaceship?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, whico 03 7w8iwhchch is 4.30 light years away. A spc oiw 07hwh83caceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on the Earth?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is traveling at 0.8rxad / qzz 5qd;40u zo;aq9.pw5c. What is its mass? (The rest mass is $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the speed of terj,xtctuc8n4crn8ut -;(4h6+ y lja proton if its mass is twice its rest mass?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the velocity of your spaceship goes fromdr v,i;wva :e, 0.3 c to 0.6 c, then your mass will invd;, :weav i,rcrease by

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the momentum * 4i)yufto+kd;; thhgmpi:, kin $kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, an element opz3,td ryc/2nvl1j n5,za3c loses $4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much energy would be released if 2.0 kg of material was lost ypip lz:7na/fdt )-lx)0 95 7stil zywduring a reactiil09a 7:-7tsptnpx /il) wy zzl)fd5yon?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The amount of energy equivalent to y 9.sc50pxt24: tcw mhnjz9wxtwo kilogram of mass at rest is

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The atomic bomb that was dropped on Nagasaki in 1945 k b;w.7za egfnri,.(b gilled 140,000 people, helping to end Worldf,wnr( ge.i babg7z.; War II on the next day. It released energy equivalent to that of 20,000 tons of TNT explosive. How much mass was converted to energy when this took place? (1000 tons of TNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton igtr jv+r k3z,dlq(c:tas ,:)ss 80% of its total energy. What is the speed of the protjtdstr) zlrk:a+g( v3:, scq ,on?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its totak*za9 pihm5* jy1ez v1.mtfu1l energy. What is the momentum in ij1u a1**.zz 5t9vpm hk1f mey$kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

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51#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What energy is released (in MeV) during a reaction in v sw jpxcd9s(*-wuo l*g) vz)+which $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much mass is lost during a reaction in which 6ur8) ybx g9jgv3taqx3u.n8a$1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the total energy of an electron moving with a spe s45fmnbj5t. 65ieaz ied of 0.95c?

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How many joules of energy are required to accelerate one hgp+ag8rz le54 d*dv(c/ n(x3hpu u3s kilogram of mass from rest to ax gch5ld d( 8h g nzr*vuu+3p(3e4/spa velocity of 0.866 c?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In a nuclear plant, *fqtp61h topi6p955fxt nh)l$1017 J$ of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is accelerated through 1001 ejgx;0 lir xuiy6m/* kV. By what factor has its mass increased wimi1l6ge0 ; xjruix*/ yth respect to its rest mass?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are in a rocket traveling away from the Sunz3 n.h *5n4:j*s dwhd4wrrt *aipg aka6q7(hp at 0.95c. You measure the speed of light 3i.:4(nj rzr swhq*d5wh * tghp*7a6 kaa4dnpfrom the Sun to be

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Two spaceships are traveling thht rr jv e;47fg5 f9;;slu)ikcrough space at 0.60 c relative to the Earth. If the ships are headed directly toward each other, what is their approach velocity, as measured by a pefh7j;rru lif4k es;g;t5 ) cv9rson on either craft?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A fast spaceship is traveln*rh+wok()pw-z tm3 9ehedfie oe +.2 ing with a speed of 0.80c. How fast would light travel from the headlight+eeom-3 pz.9hhf+ tnrk )e2oed i*ww( s of the ship relative to a stationary observer?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away f)/ gffse62bcu d trp -ece)+9rrom the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative toe-efr )9 de t/)s2ucpg6bcf +r the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired away from the Earth?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. The spac/(:fhrihx d ;r2n wu2veship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relatnxhr(f2hi du 2v;w/:rive to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired toward the Earth?

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