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习题练习:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity



 作者: physics   总分: 61分  得分: _____________

答题人: 匿名未登录  开始时间: 23年05月01日 10:24  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are riding in a sparpq7tn 51pf+ tceship that has no windows, radios, or other means for you to observe or measure what is outside. Youp 7r1f+ qp5ntt wish to determine if the ship is stopped or moving at constant velocity. What should you do?

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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The Michelson-Morley experiment6yks489fkog4 ka.gyr was designed to measure

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Michelson and Morleyy* ahtsg,jkq3*. vsc5 (qn7aa concluded from the results of their experiment that

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You can build an interferometer yourself if you use the follow 6:p6kr 09jyhh.w yg.mqqdq0j ing components:

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5#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the relativity princip0x reha4. 05oqhkp5xsle.
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6#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the three unprovable assumptions okl-.x 1q .yzjjf Galilean-Newtonian relativity.
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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The theory of special relativityfw51cgqqt:j. s0c xeh7d2 0 w8pc lf3e

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of Einstein's postulates in formulatf l:4l2mdg (jg:47q ok+ewhef ing the special theory of relativity was that the laws of pl 2f: eoghwdk+f 74lj:(e4qm ghysics are the same in reference frames that

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9#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first postulate of special relativiti78i)kl mn*yl :p mc*cy.
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10#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second postulats.e a0wa i28:q 0wnikpe of special relativity.
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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If you were to measure your pux ,tok78r1mulc(z. nj cilpj5t6o,a6lse rate while in a spaceship moving away from the Sun at ai6 r. u8 1pjl(6jtoklncz,tca om, 5x7 speed close to the speed of light, you would find that it was

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observer, a lndz+i 4c.,i0 d)hrthk8n ks)moving clock

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The gamma factor is defi uqnbzlj /cd35a98 8gpned as $\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Suppose one twin takes a ride in a space ship traveling at a very high sp-n0 +unwv hr e),aua0beed to a distant +a,va0-wnn0r u)ueb hstar and back again, while the other twin remains on Earth. The twin that remained on Earth predicts that the astronaut twin is

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observze uo0ixk n94t/sdtel(4 )9 ,a;n il0z u9ehuher, a moving object

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction om)h*vm ,xn:*obna l:parallel to its length with a velocity that approaches the velocity of light. The width of this ob,vxno:a *m h)l :omn*bject, as measured by a stationary observer,

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its length with a velocid4peh y9tayokz4o*:;p- k zj2ty that approaches the velocity of light. The length of this object, as measured by a stationary obse heo;z -zj y4o*kpd2pat49k y:rver,

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed ou7pya.v6 you ,f light, the mass of the particl,ov.yyu aup 76e

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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of lighm7* h ob 0ufm80z,dildt, the momentum of the partz mid0hu8 lm0* 7d,boficle

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spear is thrown by you at a very high speed. As it passes, you measure itxp-; vrfn +yh(qzb*u0 o gli9;s length at one-hal 0gh9x*y lozr-bfuq+np(;i ;vf its normal length. From this measurement, you conclude that the moving spear's mass must be

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the kinetic energy of a speedy proton when its relativistic massvudw5;m r*. t2 *apwjh dovw 2*mad;5 hrtpwu *j.ubles?

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the total relativisti ondmqy v5 5-ba ggwrik8d5121c energy of a speedy proton when its relativistic mass douo-rdnvw55 y18bd 2i1a ggmk5qbles?

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23#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider a particle of mass-om,gx *sqcvk-8h,fp $m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two spacesh i+wvfpnoi09 vlgjc ok.g4 m6c21* h8iips, each traveling at 0.50c in a straight line. Ship A is moving directly away from the Sun an9cih1i vwjv pgfl o.42o+8ck6gmni0 *d ship B is approaching the Sun. The science officers on each ship measure the velocity of light coming from the Sun. What do they measure for this velocity?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which of the following d2l87s* fa-mxyvp- u xeepends on the observer's frame of reference?

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26#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the velocity of your spaceship increasnb qjwi ,s4mw9)usqbyp90u7 /es, you would observe

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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still wate k2w68px(37oy8ls fymq8 pybir. With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/bsxy km 28y8(qfo67p3il wpy8s if the boat is heading upstream?

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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. h/zemw..8y qc With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in.8c mq/we.hzy a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading downstream?

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. Witg 1ez2zid37p yz 3c;6yxxl)nnh what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s i31 p3yx6cing)d exz7 zny2;lzf the boat is heading straight across the river?

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast should a movin1d2k9x pwls8y 5lp xr(g clock travel if it is to be observed by a stationary observer as running at one-half its normals(8xlpx9p5 w 2drlk y1 rate?

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31#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship takes a nonstop journey to a planet and returns in 10 hourwy+haz(fa+r+z y3ziluc 38t(cy5-c o s according to a clock on the spacesh3ta - +iuc(la58y o wf+y z+rzcyz3c(hip. If the speed of the spaceship is 0.80c, how much time has elapsed on the Earth?

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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A set of twins, Andrea and Courtney, are initiallyb. oh/2*ivgey 10 years old. While Courtney remv ho.2i/gbe*y ains on Earth, Andrea rides on a space ship which travels away from Earth at a speed of 0.6c for five years (as measured by Courtney), then turns around and comes back at 0.6c. When Andrea returns, Courtney is 20 years old. How old is Andrea upon her return?

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One 20-year-old twin brother (r3rdo rits*vr :dv);takes a space trip with a speed of 0.80c for 30 years according to a clock on the spaceship. Upon returr)od : ds r;(tv3*ivrrning to the Earth, what is his own age and the age of the Earth-based twin brother?

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A meter stick is moving toward ylcxb jg55;3 0a0h mneiou with a speed of 0.80c. What is its length?

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast would a rocket ship have to move to contract j p dk3rf;c10lnu0t6;od+u q hp.:letto half of its proper length (aseqdplprl;0n kjct.hd t3fu6; +o:0u 1 observed by a stationary object)?

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36#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The length of a spaceship is 10 m when it is at rest. If the 6: np) w zj8-*jxjqylbspaceship travels by you with a speed of 0.70c, what length does it appea8bjjx6nw-p*jyz : ql )r to you?

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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, + u) wbd8z.ofgwhich is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant d+ufw og)b 8.zspeed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. What distance does the space ship travel according to a passenger on the ship?

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light so)evb5- bsf.years away. A spaceship wib5v)bs -sofe .th a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on board the spaceship?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centaurii/o i o0l+,1 fooy-emy, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How y1f0i ooy+/,imel-oo much time would elapse on a clock on the Earth?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is traveling at 0.85c. What i 7lhx vmt768zo/,yz ddwao: l)s its mass? (The rest mass is $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the speed of a proton if its mass is twice its rest mase)x :mze-n9dqs?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the velocity of your sp/uz0rg u0)l7l azndh:aceship goes from 0.3 c to 0.6 c, then your mass will increa 0luzrz:h/ u0na7)l gdse by

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the momentum mlz *s 1fa.9bos 0qw2oqjibj7okd797 in $kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, an element r 1y+wd6 h;fualoses $4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much energy would be + )zihpi,c6h/byj sg ;released if 2.0 kg of material was lost during a reaction?ih/) gyh6zs pi+;b ,cj

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The amount of energy equivalent rn;1elxp8h4e8(dw1z 2)l z: rpi pzmzto two kilogram of mass at rest is

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The atomic bomb that (n aamgr /4)mwt:2e islc6a 0qwas dropped on Nagasaki in 1945 killed 140,000 people, helping to end World War II on the next day. It released energy equivalent to that of 20,000 tons of TNT explosive. How much mass was converted to energy when t:li2aa 06(srnmm4ec g)qaw/this took place? (1000 tons of TNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a protonytgw*3 k:tw8fze d-v agj4-m.d8b: ou is 80% of its total energy. What is the speed of jgovwbz8t3ad4u* ktmy:.ef8- wg d -: the proton?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total energ7xidl pm r- vy3ng1 , vk0e;et5t8wzr,y. What is the momentum iwg 3; 5xetzvm l r0,nr7ik -8d1t,vepyn $kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

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51#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What energy is released (in MeV) during a ref-q+n2b ppy.az z(2qfaction in which $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much mass is lost during a reaction in whlifz9q,0,fk;be g1rik nt wl 0:br+n9ich $1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the total energy of an electrzmv./ b o:gvc fx.q7v;on moving with a speed of 0.95c?

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How many joules of energy are required to accelerate one kilogu,d:0htepn7g6b9)pj(dp wb riik9 7 qram of mass from rest to a velocd0k r:6wi qd,i 7 (epj9tpg9hpu7bb)n ity of 0.866 c?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In a nuclear plant, cm6g 6. dahgl2$1017 J$ of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is accelerated through 100 kV. By what factor has its masve3ag0jydf.1u hhw+t2 z +ov5x hw2-ss increased with respect to itsw-2oy a 1s wuzhgv+5extvh+f.3d20hj rest mass?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are in a rocket traveling away from the Sun at 0.95c. You measure3lb:cg6uw 1 xwljsmy i(x: + lw31b*pq the speed g3+y3b*suxw iq: wl :cp wlxb(1j 61mlof light from the Sun to be

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Two spaceships are traveling throu 8jnd wyt2 cm1br4;fmnp.3e/ f(:bwn ngh space at 0.60 c relative to the Earth. If the ships are :mn8tn;njmcre3 4fwb2 1yb.nwp /fd( headed directly toward each other, what is their approach velocity, as measured by a person on either craft?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A fast spaceship is traveling with a speed of 0.80c. How fast would light ,p-zze i7 /xpvtravel from the headlights of the ship ,pzepiv7-/zx relative to a stationary observer?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. The spacesj)n nooe* *ru:hip then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if t*ujrneo:)* on he missile is fired away from the Earth?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speedun qk wq +3zsk7-lgphoc94i32 of 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the io3 zqq-7sul wch+ npg4k3k2 9missile is fired toward the Earth?

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