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习题练习:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity



 作者: physics   总分: 61分  得分: _____________

答题人: 匿名未登录  开始时间: 23年05月01日 10:24  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are riding in a spaceship tevioi:l07 331 udmay x5qkzyg8zd ou o 46c24khat has no windows, radios, or other means for you to observe or measure what is outside. You wish to determinemk45lo3:xio80 d 1z4 d yig uk6coz ae3yv27qu if the ship is stopped or moving at constant velocity. What should you do?

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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The Michelson-Morley experiment was des ,g8w2qe4uq9ufjed)t igned to measure

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Michelson and Morley concluded from the results of their experiment qobg 0 4r.p)g qvjz7z9zyye321c*cdf that

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You can build an interferometer yourself if you use the followingl3nc-1k qsr )u components:

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5#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the relativity pri6 zz* rdi;9uok2y)jdinciple.
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6#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the three unprovable h: +cd70cwvt hj sl94ghn a59jassumptions of Galilean-Newtonian relativity.
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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The theory of special relativ(tg06 jcvr(ck7 li7 faity

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of Einstein's postulates in formulatingmudkdnfm 7*5h9nhd.q3- f b 9k the special theory of relativity was that the laws of physics are the same in reference frah9mfn-uf * 539q7 md dk.hkndbmes that

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9#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first postulate of special rel: i v,dat*w:pzquz,a- ativity.
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10#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second postulate of special re8w2t7gupg.0sxenh5 2ml h 1vqlativity.
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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If you were to measure your pulse rate while in a spaceship moving away fj dtnv - (rf82*yzdpa(z/ at*h*esh:xrom the Sun at a speed close to the speed of ligjz h:z*t *nptdfevd 2sar (8(x-*/ahyht, you would find that it was

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observer, u:toy,:w1pg sa moving clock

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The gamma factor is definea1, lf5sgiga /d as $\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Suppose one twin take-tk+9+bmiqe2fr2ke 4m gxe n7s a ride in a space ship traveling at a very high speed to a distant star and back again, while the other twin remains on Earth. The twin that remained4k72 b i+mm rgeet k2-+exfnq9 on Earth predicts that the astronaut twin is

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationaryhci7or.6n(a 4 2 axdbo observer, a moving object

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its length with a velo q k(a4uos3ph6i oz82ecity that approaches the velocity of light. The width of this object, as measured by a statio qo( 6s2zh k3i4ae8uopnary observer,

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its length witz2m/l zkta f2-h a velocity that approaches the velocity of light. The length of this obaz-m2k/z l2t fject, as measured by a stationary observer,

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of light, the u :q(jgue mwu,m i7+;6w (zazzmass of the particlem z ;gj(uwu,e w(7uaizm6+q:z

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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of light, the momentum of the pc 5f,1kvm3jkz;vhp t)articl);3z 51 k chtpkmf,vvje

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spear is thrown by you at a very high speed. As it passes, you me8s)nb3g/nrvc6o da i* asure its length at one-half its normal length. From t* r3/)dagn 6bci8svnohis measurement, you conclude that the moving spear's mass must be

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the kinetic energy of a speedy proton when its relativcprz;k/rbp7+9ybr(v q 7d z 3eistic mass dopq 7;yp39k ( drc/rzb7ebrvz+ubles?

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the total relativistic energy of a speedyo+urboiy( vbmuj,84 b j*4ui,4 q rrd; proton when its relativistic mass doubl,bquubovij(o4,rb m44+i r ;* udj8r yes?

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23#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider a particle of masvui3 s 48rx5tgs $m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two spaceships, each traveling at 0.50c in a straight line.wp-;a3kj q+;e9 g(mhetjqdh5 Ship A is moving directly away from the Sun and ship B is approaching the Sun. The science officer+je3tm; h k q dg5(p;-hjqaw9es on each ship measure the velocity of light coming from the Sun. What do they measure for this velocity?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which of the following depends on t+ t+c8pgcaa *aqld2t z7td6b/r0z9gm/xhtn0he observer's frame of reference?

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26#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the velocity of your spaceship increases, you would observe64tqs)p qmnk(fo tq qsq+3)l y x*is)5

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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/(m vfk+r+: /mgiyvg8fs in still water. With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flk8/fvyi+(v fmr gg +:mowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading upstream?

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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed,.s/v8 mkpm y4o relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the bompy 84. /svkmoat is heading downstream?

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in stcayiuj50opqlu -ia s2d0,b8 5ill water. With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowin58c52dblaiqy u 00j-p o,iuasg at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading straight across the river?

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast should a moving clock trav9 7k km5+jzwtzel if it is to be observed by a stationary observmjkzk 9z5+7tw er as running at one-half its normal rate?

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31#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship takes a nonst.s4 yd ,tp;eozop journey to a planet and returns in 10 hours according to a clock on the spaceship. If the speed of the spaceship iss;p e4,.toy zd 0.80c, how much time has elapsed on the Earth?

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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A set of twins, Andrea and Courtney, are initially 10 6gy 1q.zl: vatix5 l07tzfpl,years old. While Courtney remains on Earth, Andrea rides on a space ship which travels away from Earth at a speed of 0.6c for five years (as measured by Courtney), then turns lv tq,xfai.6z1y0gl5 lz7tp:around and comes back at 0.6c. When Andrea returns, Courtney is 20 years old. How old is Andrea upon her return?

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One 20-year-old twin brother takes a space trip with a speed of 0.2k2+a,hw2x5hnj lc cs80c for 30 years according to a clock on the spaceship. cx2wk hn+,cal2j2hs 5 Upon returning to the Earth, what is his own age and the age of the Earth-based twin brother?

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A meter stick is moving toward you with a speed of 0.80c. What is3a5duj3u5b k +s yn5qh*; )w2fubh dxt its length?

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast would a rocket ship have to move to contract to half of its properu n,9kyv*fc4 e5*s 0hqh0ogl j length (as observhn 0hgqj k,5yf*09e cul4vs o*ed by a stationary object)?

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36#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The length of a spaceship is 1nu0ir howls 1h2d2vg,t:8 4t j0 m when it is at rest. If the spaceship travels by you with a sp2 iut:hrn g1jols ,hwt0v 8d24eed of 0.70c, what length does it appear to you?

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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system i* qf/cvytqaazp 8h*n m(9 6t4xs Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travel9ah tq(8z46fc/n xpvay**qtm s toward the star. What distance does the space ship travel according to a passenger on the ship?

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alp6:hmtcfpkua gkg7r(jw ) :6d2ha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much timr)t6akpw (:uhkj d :fg6cm2 g7e would elapse on a clock on board the spaceship?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar wejrj* y2:9ctuy+4lwon3 ag+olh4 e8system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Eart 3:j+l4ehgejyanu c* w8lw942yoot +r h travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on the Earth?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is traveling at 0.85c. What i3erw j1b qyku3m. od:l4nr-l+u djo +ex5 8(qps its mass? (The rest mass is $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the speed of a proton if its mass is twice its rest b+-g 5iz )5.p ,dkhal phydyp o9j hn-nqi775lmass?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the velocity of your spaceship goes from 0.3 h-c/ q51b2i+l vvsw)fmw.0v gfs5qis c to 0.6 c, then your mass will increase 105sb/ ii2vf sf w.v)sg-cq+ l5mqvhwby

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the momentum i d+)n5t1 .kk+qnfkv5 hupuw:qn $kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, an el7xo0 y/ix wf*oement loses $4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much energy would be released if 2.0 kg of p*q4(jk 2prxm w: rfh*.k h0dwmaterial was lost during a reactio2*kpq*0fpr.(hh4dkj w x m :wrn?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The amount of energy equzs,aksy+-r 8ibi8n d(2w d *flivalent to two kilogram of mass at rest is

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The atomic bomb that was dropped o og2yx3xhd;xzvi*eu7 qtm:6fm29h c 1n Nagasaki in 1945 killed 140,000 people, helping to endfh6x2 qdxo2gm *uvtzch x1e :m9iy7 ;3 World War II on the next day. It released energy equivalent to that of 20,000 tons of TNT explosive. How much mass was converted to energy when this took place? (1000 tons of TNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% ofd+) 4+ur9gyl ehilp.m its total energy. What is the speed of )hl mp9 yu+dl+eg4 .irthe proton?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total;45f jj /iccow energy. What is the momentum in ;f cw5cioj/4j$kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

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51#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What energy is released (in MeV) during a reactoqavztwd /g 6q6 9zvdl 3:sk+5ion in which $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much mass is lost during a reactih,eo .gi/ ffh2on in which $1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the total energy of an electron moving with a speed of 0.95my.+ngsav w7 *ir8p oye*4 g0oc?

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How many joules of energy are required to accele 9:v(dr ik0h yjv;eb; s7/tkhxrate one kilogram of mass from rest to a velocity ofk( 0hhv ; bxd; js/tiv:r7ey9k 0.866 c?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In a nuclear plant, ifiyyl hz8b 8/no, bz:8h+t6x$1017 J$ of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is accelerated through 100 kV. By what fai6he orc; /q:qctor has its mass increased with respect to its rest mass?:oqq hr e;i/c6

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are in a rocket traveling away from the Sun ayl r*jkaj:;. kt 0.95c. You measure the speed of light fro.l jr k*ak:jy;m the Sun to be

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Two spaceships are traveling through space at 0.60 c relat)o 4*)mw kvtge1y/tdjive to the Earth. If the ships are headed directly toward each other, what is their approach velocity, as measurewg/4v dej) *o)m1ytk td by a person on either craft?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A fast spaceship is traveling with a speed of 0.80c. How fast woulr2 m9h59qs w :cgn4lebd light travel from the headlights of the ship relative to a station r9:whb5gsc4mq l2e 9nary observer?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from hs,8eqk95jsg ozz( amymo)31the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spacesheg1 ozay3hs mj5o9(mqks8 ) ,zip. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired away from the Earth?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Eart b t*kzpz))1qy/ dd(nxh with a speed of 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velo1t*zq d) /zpn(kb)d yxcity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired toward the Earth?

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