Physics Unit31: Nuclear Energy and Radiation - 51fly国际课程 (51fly.win)

1#

When a target nucleus is bombarded . w;s: -sbdnmv5a izaen)v+ d)by an appropriate beam of particles, it is possiblav.+nn :swiav ; 5))zsmdebd -e to produce

A. a less massive nucleus, but not a more massive one.

B. a more massive nucleus, but not a less massive one.

C. a nucleus with smaller atomic number, but not one with a greater atomic number.

D. a nucleus with greater atomic number, but not one with a smaller atomic number.

E. a nucleus with either greater or smaller atomic number.

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2#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

The mass of a proton is s(hke *o-o;y. p(gi30ndjao q $1.6726 \times 10^{-27} \; kg$ and the mass of a neutron is $1.6749 \times 10^{-27} \; kg$. A proton captures a neutron forming a deuterium nucleus. One would expect the mass of this nucleus to be

A. equal to $(1.6726 + 1.6749) \times 10^{-27} \; kg$.

B. less than $(1.6726 + 1.6749) \times 10^{-27} \; kg$.

C. greater than $(1.6726 + 1.6749) \times 10^{-27} \; kg$.

D. any of these; it depends on the energy released during the capture.

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3#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

In a nuclear reaction, what value is co8i5 oasam*10wavuz r,wr a3*6ch.w unnserved in addition to electric charge, energy, anaroa hsmuurn35, w aza6v*w80cw i*.1d momentum?

A. atomic number

B. neutron number

C. nucleon number

D. none of the given answers

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4#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

A proton strikes an oxygen-18 nucleus producing fluorine-18 and another pa3j: mw x,z*9im ot4xwjrticle. What other particle is produced by this nuclearwj*xjto 3i4 m,:xzmw9 reaction?

A. a neutron

B. an $\alpha$ particle

C. an $b-$ particle

D. an $b+$ particle

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5#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

A nuclear reaction is said to be exot/nh*mpfxn :d-pg5pq, hermic if the total kinetic energy is

A. less after the reaction than before.

B. equal both before and after the reaction.

C. greater after the reaction than before.

D. zero after the reaction.

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6#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

A nuclear reaction is said to be endothermic if the total kinetic energy i j(u:+f5r) azvwfw+mhs

A. less after the reaction than before.

B. equal both before and after the reaction.

C. greater after the reaction than before.

D. zero after the reaction.

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7#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

The process during which a heavy nucleus suc s6wvz( icee:lof7 ;th (w-**-joollt7 st1rkh as uranium splits into two intermediate-sized nuclei after being strv(o*; itw 76eetz(s w*- -f:rcll71s ojotklh uck by a neutron is referred to as

A. nuclear fission.

B. nuclear fusion.

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8#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

The process during which small nuclei combine to form larger ones ikeh jpeaq/n-)0nz ..4oie c8ds referred to znad/ eqp.kj. ohe4 8e)0 cn-ias

A. nuclear fission.

B. nuclear fusion.

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9#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

How does the total mass of the products of a nuclez i5b)w 7exq uf /7*uzynk*6qfx7a/v rar fission reaction compare to wux7)k*u5 */ve bqfn67a/x yzrf qi7zthe mass of the original elements?

A. greater

B. less

C. the same

D. varies according to the reaction

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10#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

How does the mass of the products of a nuclear fusioe i8hz1.9k7 ycj3 z2cwv/xmwnn reaction compare to the mass of the original elei1 e/ww.jnxc78khy392c zvz mments?

A. greater

B. less

C. the same

D. varies according to the reaction

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11#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

When light elements such as hydrogen undergo fusionh(/a6hs:j ncpd /*b pg,

A. there is a loss of mass.

B. there is an increase in mass.

C. there is no change in mass.

D. electric charge can be annihilated.

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12#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

The fuel for nuclear fission iqm cll nc.o(;7doa:f:s

A. Hydrogen

B. Helium

C. Uranium

D. any radioactive material

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13#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

The fuel for nuclearwu92--2wcqo iw* f1l-bsn;w1va :1 dpa idrjm fusion in the center of the Sun is

A. Hydrogen

B. Helium

C. Uranium

D. any radioactive material

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14#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

The energy radiated by a star, such as )rcwr 7dt8n+r the Sun, results from

A. beta decay.

B. alpha decay.

C. fission reactions.

D. fusion reactions.

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15#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

What is the source of the energy the Siti,p jey 7a7c nhx,a *w/vr8;un radiates to us?

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16#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

What is the principle dfl3 lci 5),zz,:quio i:q: vs9 .w6c8whwuuhbifference between a hydrogen bomb and a uranium bomb?

A. A uranium bomb is an atomic bomb, and a hydrogen bomb is a nuclear bomb.

B. A uranium bomb utilizes a fission reaction whereas a hydrogen bomb utilizes a fusion reaction.

C. Both work on the same principle, but the hydrogen bomb has a higher yield.

D. A hydrogen bomb converts mass into energy, whereas a uranium bomb does not.

E. One results in radioactive fallout, and the other does not.

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17#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

One sometimes hears reference to a "20z6jwjnj z4(us sc7 ow, +ta32t-kiloton" bomb. What does this mean?

A. It means 20,000 tons of nuclear explosive is used in the bomb.

B. It means that the number of "fissile" nuclei is equal to the number of trinitrotoluene molecules in 20,000 tons of TNT explosive.

C. It means that the total weight of the bomb (not just the uranium) is 20,000 tons.

D. It means that the energy released by the bomb is equal to the energy released when 20,000 tons of TNT is exploded.

E. This refers to the maximum pressure generated by the bomb when it explodes.

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18#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

What is the meaning of the termi p()j1 kgw2g d6wqj;l "critical mass"?

A. This refers to the mass of the "critical" elements in a reactor, i.e., the uranium or plutonium.

B. This refers to the minimum amount of fissionable material required to sustain a chain reaction.

C. This is the amount of mass needed to make a power reactor economically feasible.

D. This is the material which is just on the verge of becoming radioactive.

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19#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

A chain reaction can (ug,vw+m1fws occur

A. in any uranium core.

B. when critical mass is reached.

C. in the center of the Sun.

D. when the coolant is too hot.

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20#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

The chief hazard of radiation damage to living cellsbka;1cc uj6u53qjg; :k iemph ;nh10s is

A. due to ionization.

B. due to heating.

C. due to the creation of chemical impurities.

D. the creation of new isotopes within the body.

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21#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

What is necessary to l(/-vw l qhc p6)v;mlwstop beta particles?

A. air alone

B. paper

C. metal foil

D. thick metal

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22#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

What is created in pairp9 xmkr(ctk-4b i 5yd5 production?

A. a proton and a positron

B. an electron and an antiproton

C. an electron and a positron

D. an electron and a photon

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23#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

All of the following are units used to describe radiae1rzgtb9.q8x ;5ge5j. dx i smtion dosage in humans except81zbe tg.dqx xg 9r.5jm;s i5e

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24#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

A unit that measures the effective.p66) gt8( kyhu itwcc dose of radiation in a human is the

A. curie.

B. RBE.

C. rad.

D. rem.

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25#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

When lead-207 (Z = 82) is bombarded with neutrons, it sbb jcg9wi4(hq; -4u zcan change into

A. lead-208.

B. lead-206.

C. tellurium-208 (Z = 81).

D. bismuth-208 (Z = 83).

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26#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

In the fission reactiony cv7gp fq7 p;,3m 5iijx*k3mu $^{235}U \;+\; ^{1}n \rightarrow ^{141}Ba \;+\; ^{92}Kr \;+\; neutrons$, the number of neutrons produced is

A. zero.

B. 1.

C. 2.

D. 3.

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27#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

Complete the following nuclear reactionh 9dh8yvcmjnm8uo +zo-8hd +, : $^{16}_8 O \;+\; ^1_0 n \rightarrow \;\;\;\;\;\; \;+\; ^4_2 He$

A. $^{12} C$

B. $^{13} C$

C. $^{14} C$

D. $^{15} C$

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28#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

Complete the following. pumtc.-gx/fzl g2 p 0b;*ymxgtgp49sxj+ - p nuclear reaction: $^{16}_8 O \;+\; ^4_2 He \rightarrow \;\;\;\;\;\; \;+\; ^{19}_{10} Ne$

A. $^1 p$

B. $^1 n$

C. $^2 H$

D. $^3 H$

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29#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

Complete the following nuclear reacs *edtv761*l.qsi;huac zfg 2tion: $^{38}_{19} K \;+\; ^1_1 H \rightarrow \;\;\;\;\;\; \;+\; ^{38}_{20} Ca$

A. $^1 p$

B. $^1 n$

C. $^2 H$

D. $^3 H$

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30#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

Complete the following nuclear reaction:srcbm8ilh los4 +l 8u 6.5ci1nld..qwa2i+ aq $^3_1 H \;+\; ^3_1 H \rightarrow \;\;\;\;\;\; \;+\; ^4_2 He$

A. 2($^1 p$)

B. 2($^1 n$)

C. $^2 H$

D. $^3 H$

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31#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

Complete the following nucl)sa86c9pa b inbw5: clear reaction: $^{27}_{13} Al (\alpha, n)$ produces

A. $^{28} P$

B. $^{29} P$

C. $^{30} P$

D. $^{31} P$

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32#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

The Q value for a particular reaction is -2.4 MeV, and the reaction's9q)b kkb(ioz ( threshold energy is 9.60 MeV. What is the ratio of the mass of the incident particle to the mass of th(kkb zi9()qb oe stationary target nucleus?

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33#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

Find the Q value of the l+v+hb6*zg. v ,cvigrfollowing reaction: $^{14}_7 N \;+\; ^4_2 He \rightarrow ^{17}_8 O \;+\; ^1_1 H$
The isotopic mass for $^{14}_7 N$ is $14.003074 u$
The isotopic mass for $^4_2 He$ is $4.002603 u$
The isotopic mass for $^{17}_8 O$ is $16,999131 u$
The isotopic mass for $^1_1 H$ is $1.007825 u$

A. -0.001279 u

B. -0.002179 u

C. -0.007219 u

D. -.0.009721 u

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34#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

Find the Q value of the v*(uypqbflq82 9 mtkrhx0f (6 following reaction: $^{14}_7 N \;+\; ^4_2 He \rightarrow ^{17}_8 O \;+\; ^1_1 H$
The isotopic mass for $^{14}_7 N$ is $14.003074 u$
The isotopic mass for $^4_2 He$ is $4.002603 u$
The isotopic mass for $^{17}_8 O$ is $16,999131 u$
The isotopic mass for $^1_1 H$ is $1.007825 u$

A. $1.191 \; MeV$

B. $-1.191 \; MeV$

C. $1.279 \times 10^{-3} \; MeV$

D. $-1.279 \times 10^{-3} \; MeV$

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35#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

What is the Q value for the following)qhsw p9s3l8fn:tdv2 reaction? $^{7} Li \;+\; ^1 p \rightarrow ^4 He \;+\; ^4 He$
The isotopic mass for $^7 Li$ is $7.016005 u$
The isotopic mass for $^1 p$ is $1.007825 u$
The isotopic mass for $^4 He$ is $4.002603 u$

A. $13.57 \; MeV$

B. $15.37 \; MeV$

C. $17.35 \; MeV$

D. $17.53 \; MeV$

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36#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

What is the energy of reactiono9y : b4rtyyy1 of the process $^9_4 Be \;(\alpha, n)\; ^{12}_6 C$?

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37#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

What is the energy released (positive) or absorbed (negative) in tb)d(o.6qze m pnq9 o5ahe following reacb)ozqdo e5(9. mna6pq tion? $^3 H \;+\; ^3 H = ^4 He \;+\; 2(^1 n)$
The isotopic mass for $^3H$ is 3.016049 u
The isotopic mass for $^4He$ is 4.002603 u
The isotopic mass for $^1n$ is 1.008665 u

A. $0.0122 \; MeV$

B. $-0.0122 \; MeV$

C. $11.3 \; MeV$

D. $-11.3\; MeV$

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38#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

An X-ray technician takes an average of ten X-rays per day vm8a33l37h.mpmwhdn -bdcih o;3m1 p and receives 2.5 mrad per X-ray. What is the total dose the technician receives in 250 wo ;adnlm 3mpwb -v3p7dc1 imhm8h ho33.rking days?

A. $2.50 \; rem$

B. $5.00 \; rem$

C. $6.25 \; rem$

D. $7.75 \; rem$

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