The three common phases of matter aa+ c0 mi7m-c j0vvxvx8re

  Density is

  Substance A has a densl1x kw5v: fnkfm. vi6(ity of $3.0 \; g/cm^{3}$ and substance B has a density of $4.0 \; g/cm^{3}$. In order to obtain equal masses of these two substances, the ratio of the volume of A to the volume of B will be equal to

  Pressure is

  Which of the following is not a unit o,z es8ahwsm 4c+r6 sy*f pressure?

  Consider three drinking gsp-sss2 ,dkz)xsz ;ttn 65/helasses. All three have the same area base, and all three are filled to the same depth with water. Glass A is cylindrical. Glass B is wider at the top than at the bottom, and so holds more water than A. Glass C is narrower at thes s/n;e h tz6)zdspts52-sx, k top than at the bottom, and so holds less water than A. Which glass has the greatest liquid pressure at the bottom?

  What is the difference between the pressures inside and ouhskn9y3u1 w1wspi a2nol,- d+tside a tire called?

  When atmospheric pressure changes, what happens to the absfdco2m gct* ,l1 8u:c9mo h7ksolute pressure at the bots2f7hk:c tu1c *c mg98 m,odlotom of a pool?

  You are originally 1.0 m beneath the surface of a pool. If bzo ua)(kql9vsx7 r +c.tp)/qyou dive to 2.0 m beneath the surface, what happe.)q to)lz9/( xrv sucpbkqa+7ns to the absolute pressure on you?

State Pascal's princi4cowizo; exc6n /( 0nmple.

State Archimedes' princ:e ha o:1xwb4kiple.

  $50 \; cm^{3}$ of wood is floating on water, and $50 \; cm^{3}$ of iron is totally submerged. Which has the greater buoyant force on it?

  As a rock sinks deeper and deeper into water of c8b(7lajy. kh lonstant density, what happens to the buoyant force kll(y7jhb .a8on it?

  Salt water has greater density than fresh water. fu1x-tm3q7zp/t),::b l duoow lv:xq A boat floats in both fresh water andlt3x:q d tuz-7:wu/1)q:ol, fx bvopm in salt water. Where is the buoyant force greater on the boat?

  Salt water is more densec o*x9n zio :+a+vauv. than fresh water. A ship floats in both fresh water and salt water. Compared to the z 9+xa:i+ voc*n.vouafresh water, the volume of water displaced in the salt water is

  A steel ball sinks in water but floats in a pool ofxh ph/2:a80dbkw;l mt mercury. Where is the buoyandp0xl82h ka:;/wtm hbt force on the ball greater?

  A 10-kg piece of aluminrm q(xknzs+6 8um sits at the bottom of a lake, right next to a 10-kg piece of lead. Which has the rs8q k(+6 mnzxgreater buoyant force on it?

  A piece of iron rests on top of a piece of wood floating in a bathtub. If ,)ecyw5)cjt, *k f vhsthe iron is removed from the wood, what happens to the water l,)*cewvy jfh s),ctk5 evel in the tub?

  A piece of wood is floating in ucw6s huvk6dto8-;.+pr d zi5a bathtub. A second piece of wood sits on top of the first piece, and does not touch the water. If the top td6izosd 65;ukw8+v hp.c u -rpiece is taken off and placed in the water, what happens to the water level in the tub?

  Water flows through a pipe. The diameter of the pipe at point q aea53yg.1k 2gcda 7rB is larger than at point A. Where is the speed of 2a y3d rgkqa 1e75g.cathe water greater?

  An ideal fluid flows at 12 m/s in a horizontal pipe. If the pipeh fcb1am 43* /szatio; widens to twice its original radius, what is the flow speed in 4*mho/ f bcizt1 ;asa3the wider section?

  An ideal fluid flows at 12 m/s in a horizontal pipe. If the pipe narrows to h zff-:kcmd 5p1alf its original rad -m1fcfz 5kp:dius, what is the flow speed in the narrower section?

State Bernoulli's prx9mdrml88p klnm112m inciple.

  Which one of the following iui;1c i+zogp r5 lvds)-3l h3a5jgh0+4wj i aes associated with the law of conservation of energy inj+d4h g3- ai +;1ev 5low0 iruai)hlcg3p5szj fluids?

  As the speed of a moving fli,.z /j3gedom rh9la n-cwt* j ac4.m(uid increases, the pressure in the fluid

  Water flows through a pipe. The diameter of the6k zi,y(nfgr dy2(- (v6pdloa pipe at point B is larger than at point A. Where (dpfirzk al6 ((o yg,d6nvy -2is the water pressure greatest?

  When you blow some air above a paper strip, th+j/-pv )ukcjlmojw4(r p7j 4ae paper rises. This is because

  A sky diver falls through the air at tek q+nhu p6,gm u7d zfq5/40uxbem+ -jwrminal velocity. The force of air resistance m ubuz fe+/d,h6mqpx5k u-q4jg0w7n+on him is

  Two Styrofoam balls, of radii R 2la) r5,yr4 u6klm pjxgff/3 jand 2R, are released simultaneously from a tall tower. Which k 6 fa/42rru3,ljjgy)xfpml5will reach the ground first?

  When a small spherical rock of radius r falls through water, it experienc7 du 4vz00p mg/2ojqukes a dragkv/7d ou4m qj 0pg2u0z force $F=arv$, where $v$ is its velocity and $a$ is a constant proportional to the viscosity of water. From this, one can deduce that if a rock of diameter 2.0 mm falls with terminal velocity, $v$, then a rock of diameter 4.0 mm will fall with terminal velocity .

  Which has the greatest effect on the flow of fluid thrcd,vg7u7a26ae q3r:dm6xpm ,xu4q ckough a narrow pipe? That is, if you made a 10% change in each of the quantities below, which would cx:7 uc 7uammav,q 63g,pqdde2x kc46rause the greatest change in the flow rate?

  Two horizontal pipes are the same length, but pipe B has twice the diame uh3o+/ bl3znl 8j8eopter of pipe A. Water undergoes viscous flow in both pipes, subject to the same pressure difference across the lengths of the pipes. If the flow rate in pipe A is Qhl3/8 b 3 joeo+upz8ln, what is the flow rate in pipe B?

  Two horizontal pipes have the same diameter, but pipe B i :r:3tbj+rdbvu2h7 has twice as long as pipe A. Water undergoes viscous flow in both pipes, subject to the same pressure difference across the lengths of the73 2tjarb:vrhbud :+h pipes. If the flow rate in pipe B is Q, what is the flow rate in pipe A?

  When soup gets cold, it often tastes greasy. This "grea9)rsxuw+te1 -e zo8hnsy" taste seems to be associated with oil spreading out all over the surface of the soup, instead of stay 8n1hzeru9xsew)o- +t ing in little globules. To us "physikers", this is readily explained in terms of

  When a tube of diameter d is placed in water, the water rises to a l4tn*du2u2b iheight h. If the diameter wer tnb2 4iluud2*e half as great, how high would the water rise?

  Certain insects, such nt,fvuj8u;;a o v. t1(a5ymlras the water bug, are sufficiently lightweight that they can run on top of water without breaking the surface tension. Water bug A has we(1umtt5v;n r8 a ;u.,ovlfjyaight W. Water bug B is twice as big as bug A, in all dimensions. That is, bug B is twice as long, twice as wide, etc. What is the weight of bug B?

  Certain insects, such as the water bug, are sufficiently lightweight that t4s*mej5 sk(mlhey can run on top of water without breaking the surface tension. This is possible because the water, due to surface tension, exerts an upward force on the bottom of the bug's feet. Suppose that the maximum possible upward force on the feet of water bug A is F. l4e* (jkss mm5Now suppose that water bug B is twice as big as bug A in every dimension. That is, bug B is twice as long, twice as wide, etc. What is the maximum upward force on the feet of bug B?

  A plastic block of diment f3smnj:9)k 5p px-4mq;qda wsions 2.00 cm x 3.00 cm x 4.00 cm has a mass of 30.0 g. What pjksm39d) qxq nf5:at- w; pm4is its density?

  A liquid has a specific gravitej p- ce5dm-w1jn1w-dy of 0.357. What is its density?

  A brick weighs 50.0 N, and measures 30.0 cm x 10.0 cm x 4.00 cm. Wm u,m xq,pxn)ct g4y27hat is the maximum pressure it can exert onxp),xmmy 2 u7 ,tnq4gc a horizontal surface?

  A person weighing 900 N is standing on snowshoes. Each snoz5ow+b ,/gq qswshoe has area $2500 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure on the snow?

  How much pressure (absolute) must a submarine withstand at a dpnnx l* (vwx,ppo(h o7sj613hepth of 120.0 m in tnj7howh ol,p n(s x6x(3p*1pvhe ocean?

  A circular window of 30 cm diameter in a sub8 ajq6k ycjnz;c1 ;(prc6iz:a marine can withstand a maximum force c:ij16ca n z(j;py6r8az;kq c of $5.20 \times 10^{5} \; N$. What is the maximum depth in a lake to which the submarine can go without damaging the window?

  What is the gauge pressure if the absolute pressure isdy-vg e,xxu 4 w0wo-wx(zy *0o 300 kPa?

  What is the gauge pressure at a location 15.0 m below thgyir0zfj8: ( 3mt p+cse surface of sea? (The density of seawa3yg 8f+s m izp0(crt:jter is $1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  What is the absolute pressure al g6nc-je ah;6t a location 15.0 m below the surface of sea? (Thl-ne6 ; jhcga6e density of seawater is $1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  A 500-N weight sits on the small piston of a hydraulic machine.b 6zz 1l/r+u1o8lmmphqcl 6*w The small piston has+ lozlm6 z/pmul1ch b*w61rq8 area $2.0 \; cm^{2}$. If the large piston has area $40 \; cm^{2}$, how much weight can the large piston support?

  In a hydraulic garage lift, the small piston has a radius of 5.0 cm an92b9chw uwq tk ;4.fmqd the large piston has a radius of 15 cm. What force must be appfw.h2 99tucm;qb4qwklied on the small piston in order to lift a car weighing 20,000 N on the large piston?

  A 13,000 N vehicle is to be lifted by a 25 cm diameter hydraulic pist l:6 +kxct;hg zsfe,/xon. What force needs to be applied to a 5.0 cm dialk,:gxzh6t; xec f s/+meter piston to accomplish this?

  The small piston of a hydraulic lift has a diameter of 8.0 cm, and its large p ny3*o qd6jgz1l o86heiston has a diameter of 40 cm. The lift6qjoe6 1 h*g zod8nyl3 raises a load of 15,000 N.
(a) Determine the force that must be applied to the small piston    $N$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the pressure applied to the fluid in the lift    $\times 10^5 \; Pa$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A block of metal weighs 40 N in ai0vn*g - 4r:rc 6kc4txvsai7egr and 30 N in water. What is the buoyant force of the watsx 6 g c4*gcva e-7nk04r:irtver?

  An object has a volud ;(pfj)/li otme of $4.0 \; m^{3}$ and weighs 40,000 N. What will its weight be in water?

  A 4.00-kg cylinder of solid iron ixnr qohu h-/87s supported by a string while submerged in water. What is the tension in the string? (The specific gravxnqhu7 -8/r ohity of iron is 7.86.)

  If the density of gold iw2yqu 7d85b gjs $19.3 \times 10^3 kg/m^{3}$, what buoyant force does a 0.60-kg gold crown experience when it is immersed in water?

  A crane lifts a steel submarine k(c. ewbeuh.nnr91 3 p(density = $7.8 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$) of mass 20,000 kg. What is the tension in the lifting cable (1) when the submarine is submerged, and (2) when it is entirely out of the water?

  An object weighs 7.84 N when it is in air s q oeu08l+ l(p8 2fhcfmym5g8and 6.86 N when it is immersed in water. Whah+ om 80lpms58f(ge2cuf8yq lt is the specific gravity of the object?

  A container of water is placed on a scale, and the scale readstim35 mlhdxaamhko7)7+ibnq k30 86 i 120 g. Now a 20-g piece of copper (specific gravity = 8.9) is suspended from a thread andhnt3xk+aha3ikm)qii 5 6om7l87bm0d lowered into the water, not touching
the bottom of the container. What will the scale now read?

  A piece of aluminum with a mass of 1.0w/l irm1rrq 4 5to/m.t kg and density of $2700 \; kg/m^{3}$ is suspended from a string and then completely immersed in a container of water. The density of water is $1000 \; kg/m^{3}$.
(a) Determine the volume of the piece of aluminum    $\times 10^{-4} \; m^3$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the tension in the string after the metal is immersed in the container of water $N$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A cylindrical rod of length 12 cm and diameter8liw)u)v3689bg xmv f9fto lc 2.0 cm will just barely float in water. Whb8))vl xmo9cgi3968ftfl u vwat is its mass?

  A rectangular box of negligible mass measures 5.0 m long, 1.0 m wide, and 0.q4m 28kbwnl+7wmp(gr tkm7. fi dn4f650 m high. How many kilograms r2nt7.8g446k m+dkpni 7 wwm fqf(ml bof mass can be loaded onto the box before it sinks in a lake?

  A $1.0 m^{3}$ object floats in water with 20% of it above the waterline. What does the object weigh out of the water?

  An object floats with half its volume beneazhwi ed0ep0 6-c2ltpr) xy29 tth the surface of the water. The weight of the displaced water is 2000 N. What is the weight of 2-)2w0i9 6 0dpz rxhctp leytethe object?

  A solid object floats in waiwk cpg 4l1bu0q0 (i4cter with three-fourths of its volume beneath the surfaceq0g0 pu ki(ib w44clc1. What is the object's density?

  A 200-N object floats with three-fourths of its volume b 7jda3)n*+l0d36sjvnh txqc v eneath the surface of the water. What is the buoyant force on thec 6njd30j*xt7vh vs3d)+qal n object?

  A polar bear of mass 200 kg stands on an ice floe 100 cm thick. What c)ec3 vmoyx- .is the minimum area of the floe that will just support the bear in sa.y3)cvecom x -ltwater of specific gravity 1.03? The specific gravity of ice is 0.98.

  Liquid flows through a pipe of diameter 3.0 cm at 2xl9ds7;u k 6q.fn(g;.uad xgm .0 m/s. Find the flow rate.

  Liquid flows through *f:1 gu9t ixzga 4.0 cm diameter pipe at 1.0 m/s. There is a 2.0 cm diameter restriction in the line. What is the velocity in this g9*igx u:ztf1restriction?

  Water flows at 12 m/s in a h )zg3 1hei,byiorizontal pipe with a pressure of $3.0 \times 10^4 \; N/m^2$. If the pipe widens to twice its original radius, what is the pressure in the wider section?

  How much pressure does it take for a pump to supply a drinki.nyhk3/ ) d/to0i oq/ +a nw7pay8zowlng fountain with 300 kPa, if the fountain is 30.0 m above)h np7awy olon8/ y+3at/0/ioqz wdk. the pump?

  A hole of radius 1.0 mm occurs in the bottom of a water ;h(+8pxt-/ymy pv h8 i vfosj3storage tank that holds watsyppih;3of- v+ jy8mxt(h v8/er at a depth of 15 m. At what rate will water flow out of the hole?

  Water flows through a horizok,yr5r3i.zj9m-de k i)cjo 0p ntal pipe of cross-sectional area $10.0 \; cm^{2}$ at a pressure of 0.250 atm. The flow rate is $1.00 \times 10^{-3} \; m^{3}/s$. At a valve, the effective cross-sectional area of the pipe is reduced to $5.00 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure at the valve?

  SAE No. 10 oil has a viscosity of 0.20 Pa-s. How long would it take to pour v1bc , +uim0me4.0 L of oil through a funnel with a neck 15 cm long and 2.0 cm in diameter? Assume the surface of the oil is kept 6 cm above the top of the neck, and neglect any drag effects due to the upper pa0,b1+iu mc mevrt of the funnel.

  Suppose that the build-up of fatty tissue on the wall of an art ;aiur *h*ew:ofa4o,dery decreased the radius by 10%. By how much would the pressure provided by w*o,: ardao hu 4ife*;the heart have to be increased to maintain a constant blood flow?

  Two narrow tubes are place kxesr8r.wlv64b9 q2 fd in a pan of water. Tube A has twice the diameter of tube B. If water rises 24 cm in tube A, h q89wkle v f4srr6xb2.ow high will it rise in tube B?

  The surface tension of water is 0.073 N/m. How high will water riscb d3nhgbz e0 ,eyv(;0k+-byxe in a capillary tube of diameter 1.2 mm?bvd e;+gn eyk3(c,0b 0xzhy b-

  232

  To what height would water at 0 degreewz:x)x 6p5zrfo ks-yhl:5y7e Celsius rise in a glass capillary tube with a diamete hy:5):y6zr l psk7ex5z-wof xr of
0.50 mm?

  A narrow tube is placed vertically in a pan of water, and the wag.a)+e qd sr(:z3wowf ter rises in the tube to 4.0 cm above the level of the pan. The surface tension in the liquid is lowered to one-half its original value by the addition of some soap. What happens to the height of the liquid column in thfrew+( sq)a zgwo.d3 :e tube?

  Consider a rectangular frame of length 0.120 m and width 0.6+ fwmoyirse q04kd0(-00 m with a soap film formed within its confined area. If the surface tension of soapy water is 0.0e(w0qd kio msr+4-0 fy260 N/m, how much force does the soap film exert on the 0.600 m side?

  An adjustable rectannp xyhi* f.it30mf5;rgular frame has length 12 cm and width 5 cm, and is built in such a way that one of the longer sides can be moved without burs.h5ymr x ft3f*p 0;initing the soap film contained in the frame. Soapy water has surface tension 0.026 N/m. How much work is required to move the adjustable long side so that the frame is 12 cm square?