The three common phases of mattere *jme.9l)lgx are

  Density is

  Substance A has a de j6hoxyl*1uf 8nsity of $3.0 \; g/cm^{3}$ and substance B has a density of $4.0 \; g/cm^{3}$. In order to obtain equal masses of these two substances, the ratio of the volume of A to the volume of B will be equal to

  Pressure is

  Which of the following is not a j63ly y h+t,n*v0xwpd unit of pressure?

  Consider three drinking glasses. Allxpp5l qvh: k6* three have the same area base, and all three are filled to the same depth with water. Glass A is cylindrical. Glass B is wider at the top than at the bottom, and so holds more water than A. Glass C pk:5h6v lqp*xis narrower at the top than at the bottom, and so holds less water than A. Which glass has the greatest liquid pressure at the bottom?

  What is the difference between2 (cf sektby+ cc1sd *nq0qk/g*,knu1 the pressures inside and outside a tire called?

  When atmospheric pressure changes, what happens to the ab) .iqa*bli5zrsolute pressure at the bottom of a pool5ai).qbl*ir z ?

  You are originally 1.0 m beneath the surface of a pool. If you dive to 2.0pzi4zdi p,la7 ,.dam9 m beneath the s, l.p ,z4azdai7p9mdi urface, what happens to the absolute pressure on you?

State Pascal's principlo .2 gq +i(orl2my9 v()17czee fi2fok0 swkkpe.

State Archimedes' principcrcwvl v , nh(z7c0:n;le.

  $50 \; cm^{3}$ of wood is floating on water, and $50 \; cm^{3}$ of iron is totally submerged. Which has the greater buoyant force on it?

  As a rock sinks deeper and deeper into waterwn j*x v1;vz b8/beo;1g* pjks of constant density, what happens to the bu nk x;bv /;8vj1g1*pwzo*ejbs oyant force on it?

  Salt water has greater density than fresh water. A boat floats4kny 1uj1 di 7at:l4r8j4 wm)kx4sr ijxrt43v in both fresh water and in salt wu8d3r :ij js41jarxy 4kxvkwmtl) 4i1n7 4r4tater. Where is the buoyant force greater on the boat?

  Salt water is more dense th/ khjv0d obe x*tyr;vqcj9kw q, 82+q9an fresh water. A ship floats in both fresh water and salt water. Comp+, 0rvvd cqxow;jbtqyekk 2 /*q99h8jared to the fresh water, the volume of water displaced in the salt water is

  A steel ball sinks in water but floats in a pool of mercury. Where is th8izwr.wm 4vcguv5)n 9 e buoyant force on the ball greavug 8n5w.9m)zr 4 viwcter?

  A 10-kg piece of aluminum sits at the bottom of a lake, ri38v1ry k5mm3v6xgza )v g/xr tght next to a 10-kg piece of lead. Which has the greater buoyant force on6/5a rg 3vk)tvm3xv18mr gzxy it?

  A piece of iron rests on top of a piece of wood floating in y ub0/mynp abs e4m5z5p 8ti1n).-fuva bathtub. If the iron is removed from thev.)uy-p45nu1i5b sf mn 8yp/zbaet0m wood, what happens to the water level in the tub?

  A piece of wood is floating in a bathtub. A second piece of j z6r2qj trh5ghb78.pwood sits on top of the first piece, and does not touch the water. If the top piece is taken off and placed in the water, what happens to the water level in t jzpgj.r28hh q 75tbr6he tub?

  Water flows through a pipe. The diameter of /ky4v0l)lfl zbzal e o176rnf/;+fy sthe pipe at point B is larger than at point A. Where is the sbk yfo;/f 60lz a1elylrf) ls/4 +7znvpeed of the water greater?

  An ideal fluid flows at 12 m/s ih );0.by-i6 tunltsuhn0/2ymti zv6v n a horizontal pipe. If the pipe widens to twice its original radius, what is the flow spe0)bivt0znt i yhl6t. m2-u /syuvh;6ned in the wider section?

  An ideal fluid flows at 12 m/s in a horizontal pipe. If the pipe narrows t2x wfhwvv456to half its original radius, what is the flow speed in the narrow5vwv6xt 2fh4 wer section?

State Bernoulli's princ7w cvjt21 m yw,1m;zahiple.

  Which one of the following is associ409z59 zmry+gfo vtqw ated with the law of conservation of energy in flui99q zzt0yrm4 +vog w5fds?

  As the speed of a moving fluid increases, the ,py7pyjlq4gy(*x3y m +k 5b y2lbod-bpressure in the fluid

  Water flows through a pipe. The diameter of the pip,ook6. fxbpe/mm*s:q0d avki b5o9: f e at point B is larger than at point A. Where is the water pressure greatest?posd efm:*bk,mba5o/qikx9. 6v0o: f

  When you blow some air above a paper strip, the paper rises. This g skm.wp-42l jrd8py.is because

  A sky diver falls through the air at terminal velocity. The force of aix*vp*f kt: 8f mg/byu5r resistance tb/m kfy8gfu :vp*x5* on him is

  Two Styrofoam balls, of radii R anj0 x +u;;aykqkd 2R, are released simultaneously from a tall tower. Which will reach the ;0kk yaux;j+qground first?

  When a small spherical rock of radius r falls uetp pmvw8j)ws6grx 9g:9bd1y j50u+ through water, it experiences a drag forcgutd5 xg9vb j ) mypp98+j:6wuerw10s e $F=arv$, where $v$ is its velocity and $a$ is a constant proportional to the viscosity of water. From this, one can deduce that if a rock of diameter 2.0 mm falls with terminal velocity, $v$, then a rock of diameter 4.0 mm will fall with terminal velocity .

  Which has the greatest effect on the flo 5 kq6pb;h zcg;/cj86)jruzgc w of fluid through a narrow pipe? That is, if you made a 10% change in each of the quantcz6ph )ck 6;;b8jrz/uqg5g cjities below, which would cause the greatest change in the flow rate?

  Two horizontal pipes are the same length, but pipe B has twice the bsou5z y+-t2bdiameter of pipe A. Water undergoes viscous flow in both pipes, subject to the same pressure difference across the lengths of the pipes. If the flow rate in pipe A is Q, what is the floyz t5 o2ubbs+-w rate in pipe B?

  Two horizontal pipes have the same diameter, but pipe Bx 5+fbsn pwrq)0a0nn: is twice as long as pipe A. x:sr0nqfawp +)bnn50 Water undergoes viscous flow in both pipes, subject to the same pressure difference across the lengths of the pipes. If the flow rate in pipe B is Q, what is the flow rate in pipe A?

  When soup gets cold, it often tastes greasy. This "greasy" taste lack,esc2ud74 p82okseems to be associated with oil spreading out all over the surface of the sk2s e4 accd2puo 87l,koup, instead of staying in little globules. To us "physikers", this is readily explained in terms of

  When a tube of diameter d is placed in water, the watw98 g75 uf tfgs2pf0wker rises to a height h. If the diameter were half as great, how high wf2 ftp798fg5k 0gswuwould the water rise?

  Certain insects, such as the water bug, are sud)g(;+1gij - lg cuhjhfficiently lightweight that they can run on top of water without breaking the surface tension. Water bug A has weight W. Water bug B is twice as big as bug A, in all dimensions. That is, bug B is twice as long, twice as wide, etc. Wh;ju)1h gjl+(- cgidhgat is the weight of bug B?

  Certain insects, such as the,1 * 6pondda *cd(rkii7ot4nw water bug, are sufficiently lightweight that they coitp*4( *di 6da 1drn ,7wncokan run on top of water without breaking the surface tension. This is possible because the water, due to surface tension, exerts an upward force on the bottom of the bug's feet. Suppose that the maximum possible upward force on the feet of water bug A is F. Now suppose that water bug B is twice as big as bug A in every dimension. That is, bug B is twice as long, twice as wide, etc. What is the maximum upward force on the feet of bug B?

  A plastic block of dimensions 2.00 cm x 3.00 cm x 4.00 cm has a mass of 30bigjb5/(yy n z:sd :g1(c t.qx.0 g. What is its density?g:c:iyb xjd(/szytn( 1.5bgq

  A liquid has a specific gravity of 0.357. What l g3k74j0-bh xxowxp .is its density?

  A brick weighs 50.0 N, and measures 30.0 cm x w ;zfdh7 f6l fzdygx. 54nejj m9/fc.410.0 cm x 4.00 cm. What is the maxf54.zj4.l6w xfd zcn7 dhem yf9gj/f;imum pressure it can exert on a horizontal surface?

  A person weighing 900 N is standing on snowshoes. Each snowshoe t*x*x jc(9zeob9j ;ba has area $2500 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure on the snow?

  How much pressure (absolute) must a submarine withstand at a depth of .4u5rvptw6 sj0fwjikr h30,q120.0 m in r t ij w .0rw6q,30h5ujfsp4vkthe ocean?

  A circular window of 30 cm diameter in a submarine can withsta6m*zzdl ):opax0,nal th4iw :i 9w(wvnd a maximum force of mw4l*h v, 0(xp i 6linaw9)zdo:at z:w$5.20 \times 10^{5} \; N$. What is the maximum depth in a lake to which the submarine can go without damaging the window?

  What is the gauge pressure if the absolute pressure is 300 khj shsgr4 2e3 6s0utm+Pa?

  What is the gauge pressure at a location 15.0 m below the surface o+y yvc w+0og,gdh(8c6qefbh9 f sea? (The density of seawater is6ge (yvy+o,+c9dqcw 8b0f ghh $1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  What is the absolute pressure at a location 15.0 m beloox t80 bhsk v bcb60sssyiou (q8c-33(w the surface of sea? (The density of seawaterc8o(uo3s(cbb3060s ss hvb8kxi -tq y is $1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  A 500-N weight sits on the small pisth 93o sp wyyfbe16:-khon of a hydraulic machine. The small piston has ar 6eh9so-fpby3:k1hy w ea $2.0 \; cm^{2}$. If the large piston has area $40 \; cm^{2}$, how much weight can the large piston support?

  In a hydraulic garage lift, the small piston has a radius of 5.0 c.8mwi(t dzl2skh3 ia5m and the large piston has a radius of 15 cm. What force must be applied on the hi( mksd5l3i 2 8wtza.small piston in order to lift a car weighing 20,000 N on the large piston?

  A 13,000 N vehicle is to be lifted by a 25 cm diameter hyoh3o4k.ppd2e p / -ihrdraulic piston. What force needs to be applied to a 5.0 cm diameter pisthki3p/ 2r.ehop4op-don to accomplish this?

  The small piston of a hydraulic liftdmd/*vg lo,ys y5x/ .l has a diameter of 8.0 cm, and its large piston has a diameter of 40 cm. The lift raises a load ofy lg dy*do v,/l/ms.x5 15,000 N.
(a) Determine the force that must be applied to the small piston    $N$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the pressure applied to the fluid in the lift    $\times 10^5 \; Pa$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A block of metal weighs 40 N in air and 30 N rk yr ;xkfay-3/ +xfx t)od6(gr( 7kwzin water. What is the buoyant force of the watxd kkxo7 gy;atk/yzw fr36(x f(+-)rr er?

  An object has a volumv87cg*j 9ox5n( t8qfhwifc /4ki ix0 te of $4.0 \; m^{3}$ and weighs 40,000 N. What will its weight be in water?

  A 4.00-kg cylinder of solid iron is supported by a string while submt gb79 khy6vh)erged in water. What is the tension in the string? (The specific grtb7 g6v9yk) hhavity of iron is 7.86.)

  If the density of gold i. :n *a; exwjr.bno(bu 1n54s+wp w,pdjv/kyps $19.3 \times 10^3 kg/m^{3}$, what buoyant force does a 0.60-kg gold crown experience when it is immersed in water?

  A crane lifts a steel submarine (density =k6fbin p 8k;s0 $7.8 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$) of mass 20,000 kg. What is the tension in the lifting cable (1) when the submarine is submerged, and (2) when it is entirely out of the water?

  An object weighs 7.84 N when it is in air a54o9q.j qeni1r a3cplnd 6.86 N when it is immersed in water. What l r9 4ejn3q.caoqp1 5iis the specific gravity of the object?

  A container of water is placed on a scale, and the scale reads 120 g. Now zfj32 hnwmk )+unx1 1sa 20-g pin2)fm hnuz+x1jkw 3 1sece of copper (specific gravity = 8.9) is suspended from a thread and lowered into the water, not touching
the bottom of the container. What will the scale now read?

  A piece of aluminum with a mass ) + r :f6u14gqof4mml bf;hu3rrdxt)x of 1.0 kg and density of $2700 \; kg/m^{3}$ is suspended from a string and then completely immersed in a container of water. The density of water is $1000 \; kg/m^{3}$.
(a) Determine the volume of the piece of aluminum    $\times 10^{-4} \; m^3$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the tension in the string after the metal is immersed in the container of water $N$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A cylindrical rod of length 12 cm and diamv h,im2 -v4aojeter 2.0 cm will just barely float in waterv, v 4oamj2ih-. What is its mass?

  A rectangular box of negligible mass measures 5.0 m lonb7a4w 93 qkbyz.u tpo4k*r..nf m.ey ig, 1.0 m wide, and 0.50 m high. How man4mky.3 rbwb97n *t. i.ouqk ypa ze4f.y kilograms of mass can be loaded onto the box before it sinks in a lake?

  A $1.0 m^{3}$ object floats in water with 20% of it above the waterline. What does the object weigh out of the water?

  An object floats with half its volume bentoe9 ;f /nqak9.)akq16lyeog eath the surface of the water. The weight of the displaced1o9a9fky;q. toe )l/g 6ena qk water is 2000 N. What is the weight of the object?

  A solid object floats in water with three-s; qf(4am.lya1vk yb+fourths of its volume beneath the surfamy(4qfay1+ vblsk.a; ce. What is the object's density?

  A 200-N object floats with three-fourt vweu psch6u/r,h73 )khs of its volume beneath the surface of the water. What iskh s7hur u /e3wcv,6)p the buoyant force on the object?

  A polar bear of mass 200 kg stands on an ice floe 100(dr ng1 l rldg+e+fu;rnq,.2j cm thick. What is the minimum area of the floe that will just g+n f,rq1( lgul+dnr;.e d2jrsupport the bear in saltwater of specific gravity 1.03? The specific gravity of ice is 0.98.

  Liquid flows through a pipe of diameter 3 (,ezb pf-ddk).0 cm at 2.0 m/s. Find the flow rate.

  Liquid flows through a 4.0 cm diameter pipe aby)qx o1j:xj,n) jfa;t 1.0 m/s. There is a 2.0 cm diameter restriction in the line. What is the velocity in this restricti),x:nqbfjjyx o ;j1)aon?

  Water flows at 12 m/s in ax;rk4a ;; q f dduu,s m.s64w(mcfjbb; horizontal pipe with a pressure of $3.0 \times 10^4 \; N/m^2$. If the pipe widens to twice its original radius, what is the pressure in the wider section?

  How much pressure does it take for 6quc 0+* 4ufjaie, doaa pump to supply a drinking fountain with 300 kPa, if the fountain is 30.0 m adqju* ef46c0+a uo i,above the pump?

  A hole of radius 1.0 mm occurs in the bottom of a water storage tank that hong12 j v:qff,tlds water at a depth of 15 m. Af,t g: nfj1qv2t what rate will water flow out of the hole?

  Water flows through a horizontal pipe of cross-sectional fy516u u:emf0how5m 2,cip jja spe 2jh. -jw/area $10.0 \; cm^{2}$ at a pressure of 0.250 atm. The flow rate is $1.00 \times 10^{-3} \; m^{3}/s$. At a valve, the effective cross-sectional area of the pipe is reduced to $5.00 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure at the valve?

  SAE No. 10 oil has a viscosity of 0.20 Pa-s. How long would it take tma,a(fh/k1si;*rzplgb s y i6.4g8bh o pour 4.0 L of oil through a funnel with a neck 15 cm long and 2.0 cm in diameter? Assume the surface of the oil is k/ ,hpbag .s gysim bl8f(6i;*r1 a4hzkept 6 cm above the top of the neck, and neglect any drag effects due to the upper part of the funnel.

  Suppose that the build-up of fatty tisjg(yhcs9* 4f msue on the wall of an artery decreased the ras*mh9 jycg4( fdius by 10%. By how much would the pressure provided by the heart have to be increased to maintain a constant blood flow?

  Two narrow tubes are placed in a pan of water. Tube A has twice the diam-97)i3z4dr -d kjpfna bh.ecv eter of tube B. If water rises 24 cm in tube A, how high willd-)a fiv 9kd b7r.-jhpcn 4e3z it rise in tube B?

  The surface tension of water is 0.073 N/m. How high will watema:a74h du a m/p4bg6br rise in a capillary tube of diameter 1.2 mm4p d:mmgaau4 bba h/67?

  232

  To what height would water at 0 degree Celsius rise in a glass capillary tiw+ nk /e01otwube with a diamet0n ewt/+1wio ker of
0.50 mm?

  A narrow tube is placed vertically in a pan of water, and the waterw z.k1gbq:m mpbw*y* t9f.r*h rises in the tube to 4.0 cm above the level of the pan. The surface tension in the liquid is lowered to one-half its original value by the additp*1w..m9z*qw :t hybmfkrg* b ion of some soap. What happens to the height of the liquid column in the tube?

  Consider a rectangularnt hbvi+ o;m)4 frame of length 0.120 m and width 0.600 m with a soap film formed within its)o4tvh;mbn +i confined area. If the surface tension of soapy water is 0.0260 N/m, how much force does the soap film exert on the 0.600 m side?

  An adjustable rectangular frame has length 12 cmvvp 8dx g*ygrys5, * f :g8*b:bdtzgk) and width 5 cm, and is built in such a way that one of the longer sides can be moved without bursting the soap film contained in the frame. Soapy water has surface tension 0.026 N/m. How much wor*gkzg8:gb fb)*dg,vts: yxpyv*8rd5 k is required to move the adjustable long side so that the frame is 12 cm square?