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习题练习：Physics Unit15: Laws of Thermodynamics
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 作者: physics    总分: 71分  得分: _____________

答题人: 匿名未登录  开始时间: 22年08月15日 12:53  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the T-V rqclt*/u-h d 49n5as e z+hva(graph is an


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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isothermal procowd bb ivcpn00rxk.x3h60 c9 *ess, there is no change in

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodynamigr 3kp+xprorrm1k2+ jt)p ,6 oa,i+zncs, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isothermal process,

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is expanded to twice its origin2x0o9a8v twcusy ch- o2de68q al volume with no change in its temperature. This proc69yhu0o-ov dtce8 2qca2sx w8ess is

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5#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressed isothermally from 30 L to 20 L. During this process,9e *o7ujsq9qhv hr6/b fu:;kg 6.0 J of energy is expended by the external mechanism that compressed the gas. What is the change of internal energy f;qj979ehvqs /6r h uuogk* :fbor this gas?

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6#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressed to vnl4ttym.q9 -lh-) oj one-half its original volume during an isothermal process. Tn lyt.q 4tj)-9h ol-mvhe final pressure of the gas

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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is expanded isothermally frobj,v/h /0/g 1/8igjuboloamam 20 L to 30 L. During this process, 6 J of energy is expended by the external mechanism that expanded the gas. Which of the following statements isg i /v/o/ b,8jja0lguoh mb/1a correct?

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is quickly compressed in an isolated environment. Durinjtf* y00gh3mb k ;lbvo+xq3m1g the event, the gas exchanged no heat with its surroundings. Thijyb+xqmo lhf1mt;00v* 3 3bkg s process is

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9#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodynamics, rzakzn)hl5b i7 j8mtgo -.x( 8$Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an adiabatic process,

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10#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic ideal gas is compressed to one-half its original vohg)bt ydqvv lg.515a-lume during an adiabatic process. The final l yg tq)5vgv 15dh.a-bpressure of the gas

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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders of gas identical in all respects m gq*87.lpinmxnmg 9 2except that one contains p8gn.inq2m 9m7 gl*xm$O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater temperature increase?

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders of gas identical in all respects except that onegu (j8htsg,n7xqmb.)-o(cj s contains,(xj7qot(sj).8 -sm h cbgung $O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater pressure increase?

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on tj ko;k2 vhx m3z/6c:sqhe PV diagram is an


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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isobaric proceazt6wuy p6;e 2ss, there is no change in

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodjqmx3)r 9k +-l,qd-szu l)s/w dvtc;gynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isobaric process,

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is allowed to expand at constanzfudl m 8,7 7s th.ikxv/5jfy9t pressure as heat is added to it. This proc7u.k 95lv8fmijf xs ,zd/7yhtess is

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energy are transferred to a sample of ideal gas at convl *( ficcpfo2*c,3dbstant pressure. As a result, the internal enccb2lo vpdcff3*i,( * ergy of the gas

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the PV diagraj, l;v 33ls/ngp5ca nu6qbk-gm is


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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, there is.qhon.)cp/v, o4/n e6ncs)l 8 bmuaaa no change in

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thenw;-n ad0bdxlo kl(0 *rmodynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isochoric process,

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is confined to a rigid container that cannot expand as hd8n(z, (ehplko.j/ sv eat energy is added to( vkz ,/.(h jnp8lseod it. This process is

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energy are transferred to a sample of ideal gas s - ww)0ns)ht1vmagqc0i gn-5at constant volume. As a resulq ai-n) -1 ns g0w0t)sv5wchmgt, the internal energy of the gas

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23#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first law of the,-ey mb0,attwe ,f6 rrh )fv(crmodynamics.
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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transfer heat from a hot reservoir to a c,nc+to:yiqozw; (q8j old reservoir?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transfer heat from a cold reservoir ef -yvclyvp giq -cra 09zk0s6.hfq68l s0g0(to a hot reservoir?

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26#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second law of thermodynamics according to Clap3*wv:jmm9 9 0 tga8qlhh,dtt usius.
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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is taken through the cycle illustra x 8cvc60gp*+ets bew*xp (;mpted here. During one cycle, how much work bet+ x(* cw;sppcx8gp*mev 06 is done by an engine operating on this cycle?


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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a heat engif -g,z2ual g(6m7wyxw ( acgz 07-kkldne is defined as the ratio of

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the theoretical efficiency of a Carnot engine isba myvo,, nn84q8+/cxk5 4ekg3vs 5r7svmifz to be 100%, the heat sink mus5/fe 8 ksnbvgnyq3v+sim ,7mkrx zo8 4v5,4c at be

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A Carnot cycle consis1au/bg )f++ctd)ejx ots of

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31#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give the Kelvin-Planck statement of the qylgptqr 1 d73ljrgs01 qf- (0second law of thermodynamics.
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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of performance (/o el t9d8659hveviieCOP) of a refrigerator is defined as the ratio of 9tvho e69e8ilve /d5i

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of peroh(q/*)n-fq6.w ays d0xdqay formance (COP) of a heat pump is defined as the ratio of

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When water freezes, theo0ftu2 o4wxf5 v 55wmy entropy of the water

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  According to the second law of thermodynamics, f7zg .g5dz/ nb y3-rpgdor any process that may occur within an isolated/n5 d73g.-gyz bgzrdp system, which one of the choices applies?

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36#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give a general statement j4zib*6ziy 4oof the second law of thermodynamics.
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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The second law of thermodynamics leadimt bt-w 7c 7lda7pln( 2*v5+c2foases us to conclude that

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal process, 5.0 J of hea: )fzx f 4jh7tei1fz1tt is removed from an ideal gas. What is the change in internal energyxf4f 1e):ftjz itzh 71?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal process, sxdprcqlii :5r/30d7 5.0 J of heat is removed from an ideal gas. What is3 p:rqd lixc07id/s5 r the work done in the process?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The work done on an ideal gas sy+v(dijl8xi-sp *a ,,1s8g aik;mb offstem in an isothermal process is -400 J. What is the changelap ,(m1 k+vjfs *g8i;b x8 d-f,aiiso in internal energy?

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  200 J of work is done in compressing a gas adiabatically. What is the change i9pj; py ,ydg*at dbn )pq4;a3qn intern3 j )g;d4q*n9tp,a; yppadqybal energy of the gas?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas undergoes an adiabatic process while doing 25 J ytzjh4q4+o;uu3 el) xto t)8cof work. What is the change in interna34ott;o+) lq ye )utzxjh48 ucl energy?

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, the internal energy of a system decreases by 50 J.-,ut;8thjpjzbz64z1oe djx; What is the wj;,-oj1 8zexu6 tj zp;4thbz dork done?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, the internal 6*e pi:qg+booenergy of a system decreases by 50 J. What is the heat pgib :o*eoq+6 exchange?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A certain amount of a monatomic gas is maintained at constan1vmwbwvayfa 8k,.1 p/v+9;v zb/dym v t volume as it is coold1v; ,v mmaa/1 bvvkv9pb.yz 8/+ fywwed by 50 K. This feat is accomplished by removing 400 J of energy from the gas. How much work is done by the gas?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic gas is cooled by 50 K at constant volume wlhbe.9 hf7 3e2smuz8ohen 831 J of energy is removed from it. How many moles of gaeholm bs.uh2fz8 93e7s are in the sample?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A system consists of 317,6qghr kkylhse85u szoack,k4a6 ( .0 kg of water at $80 ^{\circ}C$. 30 J of work is done on the system by stirring with a paddle wheel, while 66 J of heat is removed. What is the change in internal energy of the system?

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine receives 7000 J of heat and lo pil//,q-d4zgw wtb))qcka l6ses 3000 J in each cycle. What is th)//c qa -6zbl wlg,id)t4pw qke efficiency?

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an efficiency of 35.0% and receives 150 J o ky r/n/)6*noyo k:8mibw whb2f heat per cycle. How much wok6:*/y kymiow r28 bn/hw)nbork does it perform in each cycle?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an efficiency of 35.0% and receives 150 J of heau gl 1n2jkrtl(15o8jit per cycle. How mukrijt85n l2l u(oj11gch heat does it exhaust in each cycle?

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51#
 
  303

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 kcal of heat each cycle and exhausts 42 kcal. Cl lxc+t+h7s jsun;p 2sk1*k 66 *pqiczalculate the efc j*k+661 pzqhssi*nl2usk l;t 7 +xcpficiency of each cycle.

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 kcal of heat each cycle anc0s4yy v9x(tqd exhausts 42 kcal. Calculate the work done each(c 4qtvx90yys cycle.

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so fkez8 k zj3w m75of (gf9vc;lz.ar has the following characteristics: combustion chambg f jv 5okf.mk7 z3clzwe8z(9;er temperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the actual efficiency of this engine?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built sos pl4r9ayc -3(uksg ba52a 3so;fe,qo far has the following characteristics: combustion chamber tempeye qpus;kso2(lr 4s a3f5-a ,9ocgb3arature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the Carnot efficiency of this engine?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so far has the 8pkn ;-wu i;qo 1ut8befollowing characteristics: comuwe 1 pq; ku-bti88;nobustion chamber temperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the power output, in hp, of this engine?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of electric power. The pl17rvmn:q7efqk e f .g)5) iqjwant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the overall efficiency of the plant for generating electric power?

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of electric power5rj4 r-); g tm(ksjkok. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the Carnot efficiency?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of electric power. The plant uses ms ,/tga6+ c mlj0+h8r om:zyj$4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. How much thermal energy is exhausted each day?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the Carnot efficiency of a95q o.x1-jle x fc+m0zsmn. ain engine which operates between $450 ^{\circ}K$ and $310 ^{\circ}K$?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the maximum theoretical efficiency possible for an engine opern-m(e7 awgjm)ating betweemgwe-j7m a(n)n $100 ^{\circ}C$ and $400 ^{\circ}C$?

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62#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a Carnot engine is 35.0%. What is the temperature oflw5kp5,tf1 di1uffr s/:o:: qlxmy n: the cold reservoir if the temperature of the hot resef :d::lfrkwmi1,55 f1uyop xsn: ltq /rvoir is $500 ^{\circ}K$?

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63#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine operati8ho(usie:*) nk4 njxc ng between $40 ^{\circ}C$ and $380 ^{\circ}C$ has an efficiency 60% of that of a Carnot engine operating between the same temperatures. If the engine absorbs heat at a rate of 60 kW, at what rate does it exhaust heat?

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64#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes heat from the freezing compartment at the rate of gs-1bvd34 kcl 20 kJ and ejects 24 kJ into a room per cycle. How much work i g-1 4clbkdv3ss required in each cycle?

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65#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes heat f,h;.os)3n uq8oab z-e8i ztyb rom the freezing compartment at the rate of 20 kJ and ejects 24 kJ into a room per cycle. ;sb8u-ent,)oq h .zi 8zbay o3 What is the coefficient of performance?

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66#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During each cycle of operation, a rs wllnv1:0p7cp7ku8 eefrigerator absorbs 230 J of heat from the freezer and expels 356 J of heat to the room. How much work input is required in each p07l1ewvpul7 8 :kcn scycle?

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67#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the change in257lqvuz5 dk 4,akaws lk8.it entropy when 50 g of ice melt at $0 ^{\circ}C$?

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68#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When 0.50 kg of ice h26ss0h 0/la -2wkza;e 3z4a nja2oatimr a-mfreezes, the change in entropy is

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69#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  1.0 kg of steam at $100 ^{\circ}C$ condenses to water at $100 ^{\circ}C$. What is the change in entropy in the process?

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70#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A container of ideal gas at STP under lvde24 /lg8px+hg8wsy rif1;goes an isothermal expansion and its entropy changes byeg+2s8xirlghw8d/vl; 4 fp1 y
3.7 J/e K. How much work does it do?

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71#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A piece of metal at 8 bxl+w+du./gunk hghper*w; 1 m3f.y$80 ^{\circ}C$ is placed in 1.2 L of water at $72 ^{\circ}C$. The system is thermally isolated and reaches a final temperature of $75 ^{\circ}C$. Estimate the approximate change in entropy for this process.

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