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习题练习:Physics Unit15: Laws of Thermodynamics

 作者: physics   总分: 71分  得分: _____________

答题人: 游客未登录  开始时间: 22年08月15日 12:53  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the T-V graph isys, radc6 twqvx7kl ++pz;7c9, i7 sig an


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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isothermal process, there is no change inul(zg4 q6t)vn

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodynam2-c nbrbh 0;7jw8 px;;avpartics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isothermal process,

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is expanded to twice its original volume wiyty8g87 l-o.p mlqoy1th no change in its temperature. This pro7 gtm.y lyyo 1-lo8q8pcess is

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5#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressed isothermally from 30 L t.w/j3y(pqs*ba4sob f l+iw9 oo 20 L. During this process, 6.0 J of energy is expended by the external mechanism that compressed the gas. What is the change of internal energy for(yp/+ wqoo s b sf*wji9la.43b this gas?

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6#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressed to one-m*l :-lzth 7.vti) epqhalf its original volume during an isothermal process. The final pressure ofvp .t mtl:l z)-e*7hiq the gas

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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is expanded isothermally from 20 L to 30 L. During this process,a 4cfid* e7eed0w 7,ja 6 J of energy is expended by the external mechanism that expanded the gas. Which of the following se w,jfedc04* 77aiedatatements is correct?

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is quickly compressed in an isolato; sw p--n/1osmbtj3led environment. During the event, the gas exchanged no heat with its surroundings.j31 m-tw/ ;-lospsbon This process is

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9#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermprbko(; h5 c-iodynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an adiabatic process,

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10#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic ideal gasdz:g;:9ukurkrw/ pa*0 bi*i1/ ikn rf7hle m. is compressed to one-half its original volume during an adiabatic process. dl rri 1wkh*ufmg/:0irn 9*u / be:ka.7ki ;pz The final pressure of the gas

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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders of gas identih:h+fwr *pdj (cal in all respects except that one contains (r* wd f+jhh:p$O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater temperature increase?

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders of gas identical in all respects except4as i20pwitx4 h0i0fy that one contains 0sf04piahy0 2ix twi4 $O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater pressure increase?

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the PV diagramtmn2/ ;qqtye,4qi0du is an


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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isobaric procesnhm*6pzc- kgb06kbf: s, there is no change in

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thervd e wvr8gk75h6ox8+ui o+cv)modynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isobaric process,

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is allowed to expand at constant pressure as heat is addez 1jy 3dey29kkd to it. This proce jy21 9ykkdze3ss is

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energy are transferred to a sample of idea,k2 jei(t f gwa,v)8lgl gas at constant pressure. As a e)lgf(8 wgitk,,j2 av result, the internal energy of the gas

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the PV 3z5c ij:kpmqqqp igu+ 3pw 1(9diagram is


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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric proc 771lzj vaig6b+mr)fjess, there is no change in

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of/.ku v u mjy)*k+k1n9hinxl(u thermodynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isochoric process,

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is confined to a rigid container that cannot expand as heat k, b0 roj7sce::, jonu75vknsfw/fg, energy is added to it.krkbf,v/0onno:7 fj s u c 5,s:gwj,7e This process is

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energy are wh37jjdcf.4512e1s +ymt jeubzwr *itransferred to a sample of ideal gas at constant volume. Awi3+ jw57 dc4.uesh jjmebry1 1z* 2tfs a result, the internal energy of the gas

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23#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first law of the 3qqx6prlw jj-v0s4n-rmodynamics.
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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transfer heat from a hot reservo ouhn:0b-.( 1qpc2gjw :pebg cir to a cold reservoir?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transfer heat from a cold reservoir to a ho9jv-vy45s mqb3rnh.ht reservoir?

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26#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second law of thermodynal/oig k9x1q6m/:wl nemics according to Clausius.
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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is taken through the cycle illustrated ekp4 +hnpzo/gzginq(95 90dahere. During one cycle, how much work isah ( /dzipzknnp9g0o45g +9eq done by an engine operating on this cycle?


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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a heat engic9z;gnn2b iv 5ne is defined as the ratio of

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the theoretical efficiency of a Carnot engine is to be 100%, the heat sib r,oy/il.mlj 1,u4gqlms *i(nk must m q,(1jirl. /b l,gysolm4i*ube

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A Carnot cycle consistokf/kg+ hlr- o th;0y0s of

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31#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give the Kelvin-Planck statement of the seconk4;uq3t2fp 3qyw1 ctr d law of thermodynamics.
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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of performance (COP) o qtif43h2zb vof+k(5sf a refrigerator is defined as the ratio ofo 4bf qhk+3 v5i(fzs2t

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of performance (COP) of a heat pump is defined as the ratio cer4-e vcr9e1q9 a1 swof

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When water freezes, ef) :iqh fts,;amz ;z+the entropy of the water

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  According to the second law of thermodyn yv),.ni(p2- ul zapwhamics, for any process that may occur within an isolated . vlup(wnp ai2zy,)-hsystem, which one of the choices applies?

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36#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give a general statement of the second law odx.za:4l c*h2bu2hs cf thermodynamics.
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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The second law of thermodynamics leads us to conclude tha r j+r7i-oyr*:.+ijh pbbpmb6 t

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal process, 5.0 J of heat is removed from an b)+hg yjz.;dgm8 u1uxideal gas. What is the change ijd u1;.gbz8y u+hxmg )n internal energy?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal process, 5.0 J of heat is remf +j5 dohl *ev3f0mhuqz2xc57oved from an ideal gas. What is the work done in the process?z27 *ovjh0+h3f5 qlmdc 5ufxe

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The work done on an ideal gas system ij 6:ra dj8 w lix*tkpx4di u)dkw:;p3*oyg,+ dn an isothermal process is -400 J. What is the change in internal energy?r )8wkd*3 dtu k lx4gi,p ox;i:+*6ywdj: dpja

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  200 J of work is done in compressing a gas adiab qj3wqqsn3d 6 45nq eeumm8r--atically. What is the change in internal energy of -sm5e3 - j m83qe4nuqwq6 ndqrthe gas?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas undergoes an adiabatic process wh m0q6kblry;0/ c uuf,zile doing 25 J of work. What is the change in internal energy?z mrk/f,0 l6u;u0cy qb

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, the t r,fz4 3;t cbt:bczh53w*xla internal energy of a system decreases by 50 J. What is the w:tf *hart t3bcwxl,z;b4 cz 53ork done?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, the intex rped+. 4mc: wo,facc 7g98idrnal energy of a system decreases by 50 J. What isx+pi.wc:d4c8oa 9 7cgmd,fre the heat exchange?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A certain amount of a monatomic gas is maintainedu8ru48 6nzcqcir fp-(p xl;;d at constant volume as it is cooled by 50 K. This feat is accomplished by removing 400 J of energy from the gas. How much work is4 rq -u8;pprxiu(c ndcfz ;6l8 done by the gas?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic gas is cooled by 50 K at chi xmu*8 ain0su 1x;6monstant volume when 831 J of energy is removed from it. How many moles of 18*u0s6xi;u mn xahmigas are in the sample?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A system consists of 3.0 kgutmh/ d2v9u(b of water at $80 ^{\circ}C$. 30 J of work is done on the system by stirring with a paddle wheel, while 66 J of heat is removed. What is the change in internal energy of the system?

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine receives 7000 J of heat and ws;q q d)a8azs4gy;aa. el6e7ol:. grloses 3000 J in each cycle. What is the efficienc67 l ao)slzedge 8; 4rayq ;a.g:.sawqy?

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an efficiency of 35.0% and tm :(z7+2azq ykzptg: receives 150 J of heat per cycle. How much work does it perfor:mtk:zatq y zz+g(p72m in each cycle?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an efficiency of 35.0% and receives 150 J of heat per cyyegxb)b 78g3 +*uelvvx+x: dxxx uu.-cle. How much heat does it exhaust in eacdx:x8ve x+gu xy-. *u3bug +le7)vbxxh cycle?

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51#
 
  303

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 kcal of heat each cycle ak.d ag8 0+39gk4dv 6y3thmfoqs fc4nrnd exhausts 42 kcal. Calculate the efficiency of et q6y 4 gf9n0r dm3agcf34+. vohd8kskach cycle.

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 kcal of heatc: b1ogipm4kh,d7()l t ))5i itevd ci each cycle and exhausts 42 kcal. Calculate the work doek,tdbithm:l)ci c goiv)dpi 7 5)1(4 ne each cycle.

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so far hasf 55rbi+ wl7xfd58rx(e*quc h the following characteristics: combustion chamber d*wx qr8 5he575ucfx(blr i+ftemperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the actual efficiency of this engine?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines bu 8maao) mz(u:vilt so far has the following characteristics: combu uza8va(:o)m mstion chamber temperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the Carnot efficiency of this engine?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so far has the followinhpw miqt8yrwca1zt 3tpi.013dq ) g73g characteristics: combustdw 3 z3a rh w7tcm3g)p qitp.qi18ty01ion chamber temperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the power output, in hp, of this engine?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of wgdovv /9tcj7 hquo4fv r +,/2electric power. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the overall efficiency of the plant for generating electric power?

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of electric power. Thk:gm yc4/0phb+f9u on e plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the Carnot efficiency?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of e3p fu28/xsnv alectric power. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. How much thermal energy is exhausted each day?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the Carnot efficiency of an engine which operates between i04x9b9bxk2vlh v6 m;f a5z tl$450 ^{\circ}K$ and $310 ^{\circ}K$?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the maximum theoretical efficiency possible for an engine operats/r qdwxsr ud3(*2c y*gg 3+gming between yuddgwrsrxmc/* g 33 * g2(+sq$100 ^{\circ}C$ and $400 ^{\circ}C$?

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62#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a Carnot engine is 35.0%. What is the temperature of th+ ;u tf jid72jvsg.hl1e cold reservoir if the temperature ouj17.hiv;2sgf ld +t jf the hot reservoir is $500 ^{\circ}K$?

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63#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine operating betwr6b (66yj v8h7sdw wnceen $40 ^{\circ}C$ and $380 ^{\circ}C$ has an efficiency 60% of that of a Carnot engine operating between the same temperatures. If the engine absorbs heat at a rate of 60 kW, at what rate does it exhaust heat?

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64#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes heat from the freezing compartment at the rate of 20 kz474 ztf 2ao68jsnx/u gxh1b kJ and ejects 24 kJ into a room per cycle. How much work is requirsj4z x/2 bhu 1xtg87kaof6 zn4ed in each cycle?

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65#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes heat from the freezing compartment at the /i.banx4fa t, +yf*clid-z4j b6eij1 rate of 20 kJ and ejects 24 kJ into a room per cycle. What iix.,* 1f/4 y6lbjiae- b cn4 +tfjdazis the coefficient of performance?

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66#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During each cycle of operation, a refrigerator absorbs 230 J o8th5x/zcx qj 3f heat from the frxzx8 th5q cj/3eezer and expels 356 J of heat to the room. How much work input is required in each cycle?

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67#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the change i ;2t84w dj4miqaopi9y n entropy when 50 g of ice melt at $0 ^{\circ}C$?

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68#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When 0.50 kg of ice freezes, the change in ent)+-uf4:r6 b)oc ydy rcw 1y3bfxrqb* hropy is

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69#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  1.0 kg of steam at $100 ^{\circ}C$ condenses to water at $100 ^{\circ}C$. What is the change in entropy in the process?

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70#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A container of ideal gas at STP undergoes an isothermal expansionqt02 dl )x4doh and its entropdlq xh)t420 doy changes by
3.7 J/e K. How much work does it do?

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71#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A piece of metal at qn)66z 5qt zrv$80 ^{\circ}C$ is placed in 1.2 L of water at $72 ^{\circ}C$. The system is thermally isolated and reaches a final temperature of $75 ^{\circ}C$. Estimate the approximate change in entropy for this process.

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总分:71分 及格:42.6分 时间:不限时
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