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习题练习：Physics Unit15: Laws of Thermodynamics
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 作者: physics    总分: 71分  得分: _____________

答题人: 游客未登录  开始时间: 22年08月15日 12:53  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the T-V graph is.;czdm +xd mji23 zv2z an


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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isothermal process+ 9mmrsf e atj6l9 pne6,8b2ez, there is no change in

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law o*(tf c9-uvhdzvh c 7b ;4cfbi/i*yls8f thermodynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isothermal process,

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is expanded to twice itzwxcf iyht40qke4wb e16yy )b28;d i0s original volume with no change in its temperature. Thisd0c0 yk4tef28 ihbxz y4w6); wyeb qi1 process is

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5#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressed isothermally from 30 L to 20 L. During this p6db;.vsigs-*a*m0w kv 7b0cdetn/h j rocess, 6.0 J of energy is expended by the external mechanism that compressed the gas. What is the change of i7*0hibj;v a*bkd6 -.tswse c 0 /mdnvgnternal energy for this gas?

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6#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressed to one-half its oy 4 t/g:sbp3(6jp5l ypxfv f/ariginal volume during an isothermal process. The final preb/ 4:p ypl jg6s tpv/(5yfaxf3ssure of the gas

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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is expanded isothermally from 20 L to 30 L. During this atyf+ ke c4r/ynex/ 7/process, 6 J of energy is expended by the external mechanism that expanded the gas. Which of thxyaec+rnyf7 //e k/4te following statements is correct?

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is quickly compressed in an isolated environment o-yrnfan. wri/u41 x, ,lwn;g. During the event, the gas exchanged no heat with its surroundings. This procrwxf,u 1 rny g/n 4,.oi-nlw;aess is

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9#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodyna*+ jbw.loxlvlrf9. *zmics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an adiabatic process,

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10#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic ideal gas is compressed to one-half its originhymx 2 p.54r9itid da.,jx+bjal volume during an adiabatic process. Thejx .t. y+ir 4i,mh5p x2ja9ddb final pressure of the gas

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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders of gas) .mu/ peg*h6;gybo/qre4t irv hw-.k identical in all respects except that one containsrmpo6h /r.kvg- ; 4.yq bw/)*ihegteu $O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater temperature increase?

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders of gas identical in all respects except that one contaior .jgn 2b0q+bzq,cs:y ws:n 1ns 1z2 s j:wbbnrc: n oyqg0+.q,s$O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater pressure increase?

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the PV diagram is an6vf7gq rs8t 5n


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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isobaric process,lxj:q :-qy7d u there is no change in

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermen)e 14 fu8*dc ency*todynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isobaric process,

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is allowed to expand at constant pressure as heat is aabl+mwd *wr)c-wrq . 0dded to it. This prl-*r +dw0 wmcq r).abwocess is

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energy are transferred to a snzn z 6z)apcc9ijph +q8 ndf :jzh394t--0ddhample of ideal gas at constant pressure. As a resultz- -4h z9+n tfhh3zacn6p0 q)j c z:d9ij8dnpd, the internal energy of the gas

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the PV diagram is .poss /wzfhum6z. -;e- :i uns


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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, there is nla r h 4gks;+rju ;hntyl8fsac39j//;o change in

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodynami2:+7bs x5xspx jk f,/sr ef:lrcs, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isochoric process,

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is confined to a rigid container that cannot expand as heat energy;s:nhhq*sjl 9t6+x b j is added to it. This proc9nthb:s6* jq;+l sxj hess is

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energy are transferred to a sampley +df,a8 ko( vy a1d3q)zze29fnzn ty4 of ideal gas at constant volume. As a 4ae,y(fz zavn)2 k9 nqo1y3t d+yd8zfresult, the internal energy of the gas

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23#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first law of thermodynamic; o99ylwu /kdcwt8 iv cq,l:f8s.
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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transfenqf/n th7t3awl(8; nl 49 lmlpr heat from a hot reservoir to a cold reservoir?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transfega+o-l;1 esh vr heat from a cold reservoir to a hot reservoir?

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26#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second law of thermodynamic. .mqjy(kfts ;).vs dis according to Clausius.
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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is taken throuyw-tfcfb/uj:j +j.f0fti r )4 gh the cycle illustrated here. During one cycle, how much work is done by an engine opecf/t+ f4:ff0jytirwjb- .uj )rating on this cycle?


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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a heat e 0bq. 5vm0kcvengine is defined as the ratio of

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the theoretical efficiency of a Carnot engine is to be 100mmm no 8 94,5-auzhrqs%, the heat sink must 8h4mm u5,zqosnm9a -r be

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A Carnot cycle consists of(*;ibhbna se do,sy5/ 1y:v bi

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31#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give the Kelvin-Planck sqq/bj(8bd4 bg tatement of the second law of thermodynamics.
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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of performance (COP) of a refrigeratoxo 3i41qejh8nowi5z -r is defined as the ratio oeo 8z4-i3nxi5o1 qjwhf

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of performance (COP) of a heat pump is definir *z n /bpjl8;3kz:xued as the ratio of

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When water freezes, the entro u /2bkpx4 (rrb(ihfw3py of the water

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  According to the second law of thermodynamics, for any process thapt a) oif9u s34f(cyg/t may occur within an i3uagff i/pc (9 )4ostysolated system, which one of the choices applies?

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36#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give a general statement of the second4 0aqrn:ta8 b .xe3stjrjhrgis;).j( law of thermodynamics.
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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The second law of therpu g3 k4e / hkxyum6l4o/a:yu*modynamics leads us to conclude that

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal proces ujg-byd4-e* ..id6zzv-brg.vf p:wb s, 5.0 J of heat is removed from an ideal gas. What is the chanpu.g4.*wygi:b - .jdbrd bzev vf--6zge in internal energy?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal process, 5.0 J of heat is removed from an ideal gas. Whpqlt 8bop8 jtp+l5r2-c 1 1wvnat -2j8o1 p rqpn bl t+pc8l1vtw5is the work done in the process?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The work done on an ideal gas system in an isothermal process is -400 J. What wn cd,epy 9;1pw;z+ suis the change in internad;; nw9yz,up wc+es1pl energy?

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  200 J of work is done in compressing a gas adiabatically. 6by8axu -cea 4What is the change in internal energxue6ya48a b-c y of the gas?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas undergoes an adiabatic prol0rdf2rq8u)1hf mqmnh ;0zy jmfj h 1 3e).q9ucess while doing 25 J of work. What is themmq2;31)fy f.jur0lmh 8d91)uqhnj rqf e 0h z change in internal energy?

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, the internal energy of a system decreases by 50 J. tzz9 .ex )0rg yoyg /x*c*pi*wWhat is the c yzx0 .*zwig x9rgey/ *)*optwork done?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, the internal energp5 ol,l/.d3tgzjdh0d t 4x0aby of a system decreases by 50 J. What is the hpt,z5dja/gld4.0b03 o hxtd leat exchange?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A certain amount of a monatomic gas is maintained at cons dz:u (s-px/njtant volume as it is cooled by 50 K. This feat is accomplished by removing 400 J of energy from the gas. uns/xd jp:-z(How much work is done by the gas?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic gas is cooled by 50 K at constant volume 4pn5/t un4) 8csy lxgewhen 831 J of energy is removed from it. How many moles of gas are t cnn)8sug5yp 4/4lxe in the sample?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A system consists of 3.0 kg of water a-ciidfzq)*pm( tj55 o lplc82t $80 ^{\circ}C$. 30 J of work is done on the system by stirring with a paddle wheel, while 66 J of heat is removed. What is the change in internal energy of the system?

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine receives 7000 J of heat and loses 3000 J in eg;er0l m syf):ach cycle. What is the efficiencyfs mlgy e:0)r;?

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an efficiency of 35.0% anxbf hex ked68qn1(9xo.ts **kd receives 150 J of heat per cycle. How much work does it perform in each cyclk6s *qdknbxex(t8 f1*.oh x9ee?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an effic+lj0x5eu09f ir4xtu 7dwpg1yd 2w *vziency of 35.0% and receives 150 J of heat per cycle. How much heat does ittp4xx*2w+guv905l0ju diderz 7f y w1 exhaust in each cycle?

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51#
 
  303

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 kcal of heat each cycle and exhausts 42 b1pqo6 8l7qhlkcal. Calculatelb1q 6l7 q8pho the efficiency of each cycle.

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 kcal o,t i65c2t qo.pfq.f bql gfr/0f heat each cycle and exhausts 42 kcal. Calculate the work d c 6fl /bfgqq,pt02. .foqitr5one each cycle.

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so far has tvhl q9var6v(9he following characteristics: combustiv9qvr9a hv(l6 on chamber temperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the actual efficiency of this engine?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built sobvhzwf-:9:, g,foa1 z* jh ikd far has the following characteristics: combustio zb9wo,vzgjhf,-::i *k f a1hdn chamber temperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the Carnot efficiency of this engine?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so far has the following charactmvfy 2r-f3mhz ,1g6b qeristics: combustion chamberzhg, - 2mrfv3q my1bf6 temperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the power output, in hp, of this engine?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of electric power. The plant u(pgw75 4sozmq rl:w9e ses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the overall efficiency of the plant for generating electric power?

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of electric power. Theiy) g(vlur3;6 g 1foag plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the Carnot efficiency?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of electric power. The pk/ 9d5hmds1u ilant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. How much thermal energy is exhausted each day?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the Carnot efficiency of an engine whick5j5z 2rg:ech:a; a obh operates between $450 ^{\circ}K$ and $310 ^{\circ}K$?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the maximum theoretical efficiency possible : ts2dlgs hi,*for an engine operating betwe:2 ht gissd*l,en $100 ^{\circ}C$ and $400 ^{\circ}C$?

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62#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a Carnot engine is 35.0%. What is the temperature of the co+vd -o n;qqri4ld reservoir if the q ; rnoqvi4-+dtemperature of the hot reservoir is $500 ^{\circ}K$?

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63#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine operating bet+e39tlysxwo )p /cqq (ween $40 ^{\circ}C$ and $380 ^{\circ}C$ has an efficiency 60% of that of a Carnot engine operating between the same temperatures. If the engine absorbs heat at a rate of 60 kW, at what rate does it exhaust heat?

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64#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes heat from the freezing compartment at the rhrp (6xd : )tte)bdzc r4a:evf/g;e8xate of 20 kJ and ejects 24rep:xe8 r4d d; xz: a6fvhcgt/e)t) (b kJ into a room per cycle. How much work is required in each cycle?

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65#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes heat from the freezing compartment at the rate o m-al0gk(p-q sf 20 kJ and ejects 24 kJ into a room per cycle. What is t0lmgq- ( as-kphe coefficient of performance?

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66#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During each cycle of oper:fi oyrsy30bo+kn8do mw73o1 ation, a refrigerator absorbs 230 J of heat from the freezer and expels 356 J of heat to the room. How much work input is rey 0o8d:o7ow1 +ib3 3ksnmfr oyquired in each cycle?

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67#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the change in entr*np x-y:2/ zrbpk4g ihopy when 50 g of ice melt at $0 ^{\circ}C$?

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68#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When 0.50 kg of ice freezmk , vhk .qy*kpxy0i3 k6x9ls-es, the change in entropy is

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69#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  1.0 kg of steam at $100 ^{\circ}C$ condenses to water at $100 ^{\circ}C$. What is the change in entropy in the process?

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70#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A container of ideal gas at STP undergo/( zzl0cec;n6ap9 mi wwey4pvk4 r5h.es an isothermal expansion and its entropy chang0ev44ezz /cyw9hwaml ic(5 k;.6ppnres by
3.7 J/e K. How much work does it do?

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71#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A piece of metal at : /zdkbv01e o(2 rzkep$80 ^{\circ}C$ is placed in 1.2 L of water at $72 ^{\circ}C$. The system is thermally isolated and reaches a final temperature of $75 ^{\circ}C$. Estimate the approximate change in entropy for this process.

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